EXAMPLES
CHAPTER 8 :
SUPPORTING YOUR IDEA
STATISTIC
TESTIMONY
HYPOTHETICAL EXAMPLES
- LET THE AUDIENCE MAKE
THEIR IMAGINATION ALONG
THE SPPECH
- BRIEF STORIES RELATED
WITH A GENERAL PRICIPLE
BRIEF EXAMPLES
EXAMPLES
EXTENDED EXAMPLES
- SHORT AND
SPECIFIC INSTANCE
- LONG EXAMPLE
-INTRODUCE TOPIC
OR PILE THEM UP
- TELLING STORY TO MAKE
AUDIENCES INTERESTED IN
SPEECH
- Specific case
- Research has shown that vivid
concrete examples have a strong impact
on listeners' beliefs and actions
-with Examples, ideas becomes specific
,personal and lively
IDENTIFY THE SOURCES
OF YOUR STATISTICS
USING STATISTICS
SPARINGLY
ROUND OFF COMPLICATED
STATISTIC
USING VISUAL AIDS
TO CLARIFY
STATISYICAL TRENDS
USING STATISTICS TO
QUALIFY YOUR IDEA
STATISTIC
USING NUMERICAL NUMBER
- WHO IS EQUAL TO YOU
QUOTING
- SOMEONE AROUND YOU
- USING EXACT SPEECH
- BRIEF ONE IS THE MOST
EFFECTICE
PEER TESTIMONY
QUOTING VERSUS
PARAPHRASING
PARAPHASING
TESTIMONY
EXPERT TESTIMONY
- CATCH UP ONLY MAIN
IDEA OF THE SPEECH
- SUM UP LONGER ONE
INTO SHORTER ONE
WHO IS EXPERT IN THE TOPIC
GUIDELINES
FOR PREPARING
VISUAL AIDS
KINDS OF
VISUAL AIDS
CHAPTER 14 :
USING VISUAL AIDS
GUIDELINES FOR
PRESENTATING
VISUAL AIDS
PHOTOGRAPHS
AND DRAWINGS
OBJECTS
AND MODELS
POWERPOINT
THE SPEAKER
GRAPHS
KINDS OF
VISUAL AIDS
CHARTS
VIDEO
KEEP YOUR VISUAL AIDS
SIMPLE
PREPARE VISUAL AIDS WELL
IN ADVANCE
- HAVE TIME AND RESOURCES TO
DEVICE CREATIVE, ATTRACTIVE AIDS
- USE THEM WHILE PRACTICING YOUR
SPEECH
USE A LIMITED AMOUNT
OF TEXT
- LIMIT YOUR SLIDES
- MAKE IT CLEAR, SIMPLE AND TO
THE POINT
MAKE SURE VISUAL AIDS
ARE LARGE ENOUGH
- EVERYONE SEE CLEARLY
GUIDELINES FOR
PREPARING VISUAL AIDS
USE IMAGE
STRATEGICALLY
- AVOID THE AUDIENCES
INTERESTED ONLY SLIDE
USE COLOR EFFECTIVELY
USE FONTS EFFECTIVELY
-CHOOSE CLEAR AND EASY-LOOKING FONT
-AVOID USING ALL CAPS
-DON'T USE MORE THAN 2 FONTS IN A
SLIDE
-USE SAME FONTS TO ALL SLIDES
-PUT TITILES AND MAJOR HEADINGS IN
44-36 PIONT TYPE AND MAKE SUBHEADS
AND OTHER TEXT 32-24 POINT
DISPLAY VISUAL AIDS
WHERE LISTENERS CAN
SEE THEM
DISPLAY VISUAL AIDS ONLY
WHILE DISCUSSING THEM
AVOID PASSING VISUAL AIDS
AMONG THE AUDIENCES
TALK TO YOUR
AUDIENCES, NOT TO
YOUR VISUAL AIDS
GUIDELINE FOR
PRESENTING VISUAL AIDS
CHECK THE ROOM AND
EQUIPMENT
EXPLAIN VISUAL
AIDS CLEARLY
AND CONCISELY
PRACTICE WITH YOUR
VISUAL AIDS
QUESTIONS OF VALUE
QUESTIONS OF FACT
- BASED ON PERSONAL BELIEFS
- WHETHER SOMETHINGS ARE
(RIGHT/WRONG), (GOOD/BAD),
(FAIR/UNFAIR), (PROPER/IMPROPER),
(ETHICAL/UNETHICAL)
- BASED ON EVIDENT
- WHETHER SOMETHING ARE
(TRUE/FALSE),
(CORRECT/INCORRECT)
ORGANIZING SPEECHES
ORGANIZING SPEECHES
- TOPICAL ORDER
- SPATIAL ORDER
- TOPICAL ORDER
CHAPTER 16 :
SPEAKING TO PERSUADE
QUESTIONS OF POLICY
- PERSUADE TO DO/ NOT TO DO SOMETHING
TYPES :
- GAIN PASSIVE AGREEMENT (SHOULD/SHOULDN'T)
- GAIN IMMEDIATE ACTION (TO/NOT TO)
ORGANIZING SPEECHES
-
PROBLEM-SOLUTION ORDER
PROBLEM-CAUSE-SOLUTION ORDER
COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGES ORDER
MONROE'S MOTIVATED SEQUENCE
- ATTENTION : INTRODUCTION
- NEED : PROBLEM
- SATISFACTION : SOLUTION
- VISUALIZATION : BENEFIT
- ACTION : DO IT NOW
BUILDING
CREDIBILITY
FACTORS OF CREDIBILITY
- COMPRETENCE : YOUR
BACKGROUNG KNOWLEDGE
- CHARACTER : EX. TONE OF
VOICE, EYE CONTACT,
CONFIDENT
TYPES OF CREDIBILITY
- INITIAL CREDIBILITY :
AT THE BEGINNING
-DERIVED CREDIBILITY :
EXPLAIN BACKGROUND
KNOWLEDGE
-TERMINAL CREDIBILITY :
AT THE END
ENHANCING YOUR
CREDIBILITY
-EXPLAIN YOUR
COMPETENCE : BEGINNING
WITH TELLING YOUR OWN
EXPERIENCE
- ESTABLISH COMMON GROUND
WITH YOUR AUDIENCE
- DELIVERY YOUR FLUENTLY,
EXPRESSIVELY, AND WITH
CONVICTION
USING EVIDENCE
TIPS
CHAPTHER 17 :
METHODS OF PERSUASION
- USE SPECIFIC
EVIDENCE
- USE NOVEL EVIDENCE
- USE EVIDENCE FROM
CREDIBLE SOURCES
- MAKE CLEAR THE
POINT OF YOUR
EVIDENCE