KUWAITI PUBLIC OPINION SURVEY REPORT Prepared by Kuwait Economic Society Kuwait October 2006 METHODOLOGY Type of Study Quantitative public opinion poll Sample Size 1,200 interviews – 600 Females – 600 Males Respondents’ profile Kuwaiti citizens, aged 21 and over Sampling Method Random sample Method of Data Collection Telephone interviews Date of Fieldwork Interviews were conducted September 17 to October 16, 2006. Sampling error The margin of error for the sample consisting of 1,200 respondents is ±2.8%. Technical assistance and support were provided by IRI. KEY FINDINGS KEY FINDINGS Kuwait’s Priority Issues Kuwaitis are by far most concerned about the cost of living and their expenses (64%), distantly followed by traffic jams (14%), education (11%) and unemployment (10%). 64% 14% High cost of living 11% Traffic Education 10% 8% Unemployment Electricity /Water 8% Social services 8% Social issues Regarding regional issues, Kuwaitis are concerned most about Iraq (25%), Iran (20%) and war in the region (13%). Current Situation in Kuwait Kuwait is heading in: Compared to 5 years ago, the situation in Kuwait is: Don't know, Don't know/NA, 4% 2% Neutral, 12% Neutral, 14% Better, 55% Wrong direction, 23% Right direction, 59% Worse, 31% Five years from now, the situation in Kuwait will be: Don't know, 14% Neutral, 5% Better, 57% Worse, 24% Seventy-three percent of those surveyed believe that Kuwait's economy is flourishing, and 88% of these believe that it will keep flourishing for the next five years. However, only 54% of all respondents believe that their family's economic situation will be better in the next five years. Good governance and development were cited as the main reasons for being optimistic about Kuwait’s future. The cost of living/expenses and bad governance are the main reason for pessimism. For future employment, the majority of students and unemployed respondents are looking to the public sector for jobs. Forty-one percent of all respondents believe that reforms in Kuwait are happening at the right pace/fast/very fast; whereas, 49% believe they are occurring too slow/slow. Corruption in Kuwait More than half of all respondents (57%) believe that corruption is widespread in Kuwait, and the entities responsible are: 32% 19% 18% 8% 8% Public officials Kuwaitis Government Employees Parliament/Some MPs Twenty percent of respondents (those who believe that corruption is widespread in Kuwait) felt that no one is combating corruption in the country, while 39% said the Government/Parliament is and 13% said the Kuwaiti people are combating corruption. Evaluation of Current Administration’s Performance Whether the current government has the vision to lead Kuwait in next four years: Don't know, 10% Current Parliament/MPs' performance is: Still new /DK, 29% Excellent, 18% No, 12% o Neutral, 13% Yes, 66% Ver poor, 4% Poor, 6% Good, 22% Neutral, 21% The current Members of Parliament compared to the previous ones: Better, 33% Still new /DK, 38% Worse, 9% Same, 20% The current MPs are said to be better than the previous parliamentarians because the new MPs are addressing issues of concern to citizens and are more effective/stronger. Those who said the current MPs are worse cited that there have been no changes, that the new MPs create problems and that the new MPs work for their own interests. Voting Sixty-five percent of the respondents voted in the last Parliamentary elections in June 2006 (68% of males and 61% of females). The main reasons for choosing a particular candidate were: Respondents got most of the info pertaining to candidates from: 26% 22% 22% 21% 21% 22% 17% 13% 8% Performer Talented Honesty Personal affinities Public seminars Family Personal Diwaniya/ Newspaper acquintance Friends Voting & Women Reasons for women loosing the last parliamentary election: Will women candidates fare better in the future, i.e. the 2010 election: Don't know , 6% 30% 27% Yes, 28% 21% 11% Lack of trust/ experience First time Incapability No , 33% Unprepared Maybe, 33% Will encourage women in the family to vote: Would support/vote for women candidates: Don't know , 3% Don't know , 3% No , 23% Yes, 38% No , 43% Maybe, 8% Yes, 66% Maybe, 16% Women candidates will fare better in the future Yes 28% No 33% Maybe 33% Will encourage women in Will support/vote for the family to vote women candidates Yes 66% Yes 38% No 23% No 43% Maybe 8% Maybe 16% Politics in Kuwait The following are the average scores from those surveyed about politics in Kuwait. (Scale of 1-5, where 1 = strongly disagree and 5 = strongly agree) Average Kuwait will be a unique commercial and financial center in the region. The current Kuwaiti Government is trustworthy. Instability/terrorism in Iraq is a threat to Kuwait. The five districts law is fair. Having more Islamist MPs is good for the future of Kuwait. Kuwait will be seriously threatened if Iran continues its nuclear program. The Kuwaiti Government has a clear strategic plan for using surpluses. There should be more women ministers. Having women MPs is good for the future of Kuwait. The last parliamentary election was rigged. The government is spoiling Kuwaitis by giving funds (KD200) to all citizens. Level of personal awareness/interest in any Kuwaiti political movements/associations: 4.1 4.1 3.8 3.7 3.5 3.5 3.2 2.8 2.8 2.3 1.8 High Medium Low Very low Very much, 4% Some w hat, 22% Not at all, 59% Rather not, 15% The following total awareness scores were noted when respondents were asked spontaneously and then probed about the political movements/associations. 53% 51% 48% 50% 43% 42% 41% 41% 40% 40% Total Aw areness Probed Aw areness Spon. Aw areness 3% Salafi Movement 3% 1% Islamic Constitutional Movement (ICM) Kuwait Democratic Forum (KDF) 0% National Democratic Movement (NDM) 0% Shiite National Islamic Alliance (NIA) Of all the respondents, 9% are spontaneously aware of Islamists, 5% aware of Liberals and 4% are aware of Hizb Al Ommah. Those who were aware of a particular group were asked how favorable their opinion is of the mentioned group. The following average scores were noted: Average Islamic Constitutional Movement (ICM) Salafi Movement Kuwait Democratic Forum (KDF) National Democratic Movement (NDM) Shiite National Islamic Alliance (NIA) Association representing respondent’s views ICM 6% Salafi Movement 6% Islamists 5% None 74% 2.5 2.4 2.1 2.0 2.0 Association most active in respondent’s area ICM 7% Salafi Movement 5% Islamists 5% Not aware of any 75% Would vote for if elections were held today ICM 6% Salafi Movement 6% Islamists 5% Generalized/ideal answer 56% Media Newspapers and television channels are the media sources that respondents rely on most to get information related to politics in Kuwait. Al Watan (56%) is read most, followed by Rai Al A'am (26%) and Qabas (15%). KTV (38%) is the television channel watched most for political information, followed by Al Arabiya (26%), Rai (22%) and Al Jazeera (10%). Rating Public Figures The respondents were asked to identify the local public figures that they prefer the most in different fields: % of the total respondents Religious Personalities 37 Politicians 29 Media Personalities 16 Artists 16 Economists 8 Approximately half of the respondents did not mention any person whom they view favorably. The following are the top mentioned names (spontaneously): Politicians Sheikh Sabah Al Ahmed /The Amir Ahmed Al Rubie Sheikh Mohd Al Sabah Ahmed Al Sadoun Musallam Al Barrak Khrafi/Parliament president Religious Personalities Mohd Al Awadi Nabil Al Awadi Khalid Al Mathkour 24% 13% 11% 10% 10% 9% 36% 32% 24% Economists Nassir Khrafi Rola Dashti Abdul Aziz Al Saqir Media Personalities Fuad Al Hashim Mohd Al Sanoussi Mohd Al Jassim Artists Abdul Hussain Abdul Rida Abdullah Rwaished Hayat Al Fahad 80% 12% 5% 41% 30% 8% 40% 18% 13% DETAILED FINDINGS DETAILED FINDINGS 1. What are the key local issues/concerns/problems that should be addressed in the near future? Cost of living/Expenses High cost of living Loans/Debts Housing Administration Traffic jams Electricity/Water Law enforcement Long procedures in government entities Education Education system Unemployment Unemployment Social services Health care Security Retirement system Political issues Bedoun 35% 19% 10% 14% 8% 1% 1% 11% 10% 6% 1% 1% Social issues Social problems/marriage/divorce/ polygamy Bad manners/people don’t follow our traditions Drugs Youth and their issues Corruption Wasta Corruption Other Increasing salaries Economy/Reforms High number of expatriates Asians/house maids Attracting foreign investors 3% 2% 2% 1% 1% Nothing/No important issues Don't know/No answer 5% 8% 3% 2% 2% 1% 3% 2% 4% 2. What are the key regional issues/concerns/problems that you believe will have a negative effect on Kuwait in the future? Iraq Terrorism/Instability in Iraq Iraq Iran Iran as a nuclear power Iran War in the region War in Lebanon Insecurity/wars on borders Fanaticism Fanaticism/Islamism 20% 5% 16% 4% 8% 5% 2% Influence of other countries Exposure to other countries/different culture USA/Influence of USA Other Loans/giveaways to other countries Nothing/No important issues Don't know/No answer 1% 1% 2% 17% 35% 3. In your opinion what do politicians talk a lot about? Cost of living Cancellation of loans High cost of living Housing Economy Economy Reforms Political issues Bedoun Terrorism/insecurity/wars/ Iraq/borders Questioning in Parliament Iran Women rights Self-centeredness Themselves/their own interests 7% 2% 2% 4% 1% 4% 3% 2% 1% 1% Ineffective talking Officials discuss all issues, but no results Social issues Citizens' needs Youth and their issues Corruption Other Religious/Applying Sharia Loans/giveaways to other countries Increasing salaries Don't know/No answer 4% 2% 1% 2% 1% 1% 3% 60% 4% 4. In your opinion which issue/problem do politicians talk too little about? Cost of living High cost of living Loans/debts/installments Housing Cancellation of loans Education Education Social issues Citizens' concerns Social issues/marriage/divorce Corruption Health care Youth Political issues Bedoun Nationality law Neighboring countries/Iraq & Iran Security/borders/instability Women’s issues 10% 5% 2% 1% 5% 4% 3% 2% 2% 1% 3% 2% 1% 1% 1% Ineffective talking Officials discuss all issues, but no results Economy Economy/Good plans for future Reforms Unemployment Unemployment Administration Electricity & water Traffic Jams Other Religious/Moral values Increasing salaries Asians/laborers/expatriates Nothing Don't know/No answer 3% 2% 1% 2% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 49% 5. Generally speaking, do you think that things in Kuwait are going in the right or wrong direction? Right direction Wrong direction No difference Don’t know/NA 59% 23% 14% 4% 6. Compared to 5 years ago, do you believe that things in Kuwait are getting ……? Better Worse No difference Don’t know/NA 55% 31% 12% 2% 7. Do you think things will be better or worse in Kuwait in five years? Better Worse No difference / expected changes Don’t know/NA 57% 24% 5% 14% 8.1. Why do you think that things will be better? (Answered by 678 respondents who answered affirmatively in Question 7) Hope Wish that / "Inshallah" / Optimistic Good governance Good government/Ruler Good parliament Development Things are getting better/development/technology Better economy/Investments/Income from oil Reforms Others New generation is better Safety/Security Increasing salaries Don't know/No answer 34% 22% 8% 19% 6% 3% 3% 2% 1% 3% 8.2. Why do you believe that things will be worse? (Answered by 291 respondents who answered negatively in Question 7) Cost of Living High cost of living Loans/Debts Bad governance Bad decisions/planning/government Everything is getting worse/not solving problems/no reforms Bad parliament/work for their own interests Social issues Bad manners/People are not religious Social problems Corruption Corruption Economy No development/Bad economy Political instability Insecurity/Wars Other Traffic jam Don't know/No answer 26% 2% 16% 15% 3% 12% 2% 7% 4% 4% 2% 10% 9. What is your work status? Working in public sector Housewife Retired Working in private sector University student Institute/College student Unemployed Has own business Total Male Female 45% 57% 32% 22% 0% 43% 19% 23% 14% 7% 11% 2% 3% 4% 2% 3% 2% 4% 2% 2% 2% 1% 2% 0% 10. What is your current level of job satisfaction? Satisfied Neutral Dissatisfied Total 73% 18% 9% Male Female 77% 63% 15% 24% 8% 13% 11. Do you intend to work now / after graduation? (Unemployed and student-housewives not included) Yes No 98% 2% 12. Where do you intend to work? (Unemployed and student-housewives not included) Total 66% 20% 14% Public Sector Private Sector Don't Know/Haven't decided yet Male Female 61% 71% 27% 13% 12% 16% 13. Do you believe that Kuwait’s economy is flourishing? Yes No Don't know/No answer 73% 23% 5% 14. If yes, do you believe that Kuwait's economic will keep flourishing for the next 5 years? (Answered by 873 respondents who said “Yes” in Question 13) Yes No Don't know/No answer 88% 3% 9% 15. How do you see your (family’s) economic situation in 5 years? Better Worse Will be no different Don't know/No answer 54% 20% 8% 18% 16.1. Why do you think that it will be better? (Answered by 645 respondents who said “Better” in Question 15) Hope I wish/Optimistic/"Inshallah" Increase in income Government increases salaries My sons will work/family development I will work/will be promoted in job Development Development/Things are getting better Better economy/Income from oil 31% 23% 7% 3% 13% 9% Private sector Doing private business Help from government Government will cancel loans Other Better education Solving housing problems 1% 1% Don't know/No answer 2% 7% 6% 16.2. Why do you think that it will be worse? (Answered by 244 respondents who said “Worse” in Question 15) Cost of living High cost of living Loans/High interests Tax Economy Slow reforms/No planning Bad economy Unemployment/ Low income Low salaries/Retirement Unemployment 66% 7% 2% 7% 2% Corruption Corruption Other Privatization Depleting oil reserves Don't know/No answer 5% 3% 17. Do you believe that corruption is prevalent in Kuwait? Yes Neutral No Don't know/No answer Total 57% 11% 23% 10% Male 64% 10% 18% 8% Female 50% 11% 27% 12% 18. If yes or neutral, who is responsible for or encourages corruption? (Answered by 811 respondents who answered yes or neutral in Question 17) Superiors/Chiefs in general Kuwaiti people The government Employees The Parliament Not religious/immorality Some of the MP's Weak law Greediness/Need for money All Don't know/No answer 32% 19% 18% 8% 5% 5% 3% 1% 1% 5% 20% 2% 1% 1% 5% 19. Who is combating corruption in Kuwait? (Answered by 811 respondents who answered yes or neutral in Question 17) The government Kuwaiti people The Parliament Religious/Morally strong people/Loyal The Amir Some of the MP'S Everybody The Press Capable superiors Ministry of Interior Auditing Bureau Don't know/No answer Nobody combats corruption 27% 13% 12% 6% 4% 4% 4% 3% 3% 2% 1% 9% 20% 20. Do you think that the current government has the vision to lead Kuwait in the coming 5 years? Yes Neutral No Don't know/No answer 66% 13% 12% 10% 21. What is your overall evaluation of the current Parliament/MPs’ performance? Excellent (5.0) Good (4.0) Neutral (3.0) Bad (2.0) Very bad (1.0) They are still new/Don't know/No answer Average 18% 22% 21% 6% 4% 29% 3.6 22. How do current MPs compare with the previous ones? Better Worse Same/No difference They are still new/Don't know/No answer 33% 9% 20% 38% 23.1. Why do you think the current MPs are better than the pervious ones? (Answered by 394 respondents who said "Better" in Question 22) They discuss citizens' concerns They are better/stronger/more serious More awareness/well educated Young/new Good Islamists With reforms More achievements/previous members achieved nothing Changing laws Don't know/No answer 36% 25% 10% 9% 4% 4% 3% 2% 7% 23.2. Why do you think the current MPs are worse than the pervious ones? (Answered by 113 respondents who said "Worse" in Question 22) No achievements/changes They are worse/trouble makers They work for their own interests Work for government Don't know/No answer 32% 28% 25% 3% 12% 23.3. Why do you think the current MPs’ performance is the same/not different from the pervious ones? (Answered by 234 respondents who said same/no difference in Question 22) No real achievements/no changes Of the same level/performance Current and previous MPs work for their own interests They are the same members Trouble makers Don't know/No answer 37% 19% 13% 5% 1% 26% 24. Did you vote in the last parliamentary elections? (Held in June 2006) Yes No Total 65% 35% Male 68% 32% Female 61% 39% 25. What were the most important factors you took into consideration when voting? What attracted you most towards your candidate(s)? (Only one answer) (Answered by 776 respondents who said "Yes" in Question 24) Honesty Honest Personal affinity Relative/member of my family/tribe Of the same religious root Performer Give services to people "Naib Khdmat" Reformist Work for the sake of Kuwait Talented Suitable one/capable/good performance Well-experienced Well-educated Clear agenda Good speaker 17% 12% 1% 11% 8% 7% 7% 6% 4% 3% 2% Religious Religious/Islamist Fighting corruption Curbing corruption Conforming views Supports the concept of 5 districts Other Just to participate/vote Against government New person/to change Voting for women 3% Don't know/No answer 3% 26. Where did you get most of your information from pertaining to candidate(s) in your area? (Only one answer) (Answered by 776 respondents who said "Yes" in Question 24) Public seminars Family Personally/I know the candidate Diwaniya/Friends Newspapers Television Well known personality Ex-member Don't know/No answer Total 22% 22% 21% 21% 8% 3% 1% 1% 2% Male Female 24% 19% 8% 38% 28% 13% 30% 11% 5% 11% 2% 4% 0% 1% 0% 1% 2% 2% 8% 3% 2% 1% 1% 1% 27. In your opinion, what are the reasons why women candidates could not win in the last parliamentary election? First time This is their first experience/result was expected Lack of trust/experience People don't trust women They have no experience in elections Women don't trust women/don't vote for them Incapability Women can't handle this responsibility/men are better They were poor candidates/Don't deserve to win Women are not able to offer services to public Unprepared Women didn't have enough time to prepare Islamic reason Women serving as MPs is against Islam/traditions Family pressure Family/tribal voting Women follow their husbands/men in family Lack of support Political alliances against them Government was not supportive Media was not supportive Don't know/No answer 27% 19% 7% 4% 14% 6% 1% 11% 6% 2% 1% 1% 1% 1% 11% 28. Do you believe that women candidates will fare better in the future, i.e. in the 2010 election? Yes Probably No Don't know/No answer 28% 33% 33% 6% 29. Will you encourage women in your family to vote? Yes Probably No Don't know/No answer Total 66% 8% 23% 3% Male 71% 7% 20% 2% Female 62% 10% 26% 3% Male 41% 16% 41% 2% Female 35% 16% 46% 3% 30. Would you vote for women candidates? Yes Probably No Don't know / No answer Total 38% 16% 43% 3% 31. What is your level of agreement with the following statements? (Scale 1 – 5; where 1 = Strongly disagree & 5 = Strongly agree) Strongly disagree Disagree Kuwait will be a unique commercial and financial center in the region. The current Kuwaiti Government is trustworthy. Instability/terrorism in Iraq is a threat to Kuwait. The five districts law is fair. Having more Islamist MPs is good for the future of Kuwait. Kuwait will be seriously threatened if Iran continues its nuclear program. The Kuwaiti Government has a clear strategic plan for using surpluses. There should be more women ministers. Having women MPs is good for the future of Kuwait. The last parliamentary election was rigged. The government is spoiling Kuwaitis by giving funds (KD200) to all citizens. Total Sample Strongly Neutral Agree agree Average DK/NA Average Male Female 9% 3% 12% 15% 52% 9% 4.1 4.0 4.2 8% 1% 16% 13% 53% 8% 4.1 4.0 4.2 19% 2% 6% 9% 49% 16% 3.8 3.9 3.7 15% 2% 12% 12% 38% 21% 3.7 3.7 3.8 19% 4% 18% 11% 39% 10% 3.5 3.3 3.8 23% 2% 5% 8% 41% 20% 3.5 3.7 3.3 26% 2% 10% 6% 33% 22% 3.2 3.1 3.3 36% 5% 18% 12% 23% 7% 2.8 2.9 2.7 37% 4% 19% 8% 25% 6% 2.8 2.9 2.7 44% 3% 16% 5% 15% 18% 2.3 2.2 2.4 70% 3% 6% 2% 13% 6% 1.8 2.0 1.6 32. Are you personally aware / interested in the Kuwaiti political movements / associations in particular? Not at all Rather not Some what Very much 59% 15% 22% 4% 33. What are the political movements / associations in Kuwait that you are aware of? (Spontaneous) Islamists Liberals Hizb Al Ommah Islamic Constitutional Movement (ICM) Salafi Movement Democratic Kuwait Democratic Forum (KDF) Shabii Mustaqila / Mustaqilin Don't know / No answer 9% 5% 4% 3% 3% 2% 1% 1% 1% 80% 34. Have you heard of …….? Yes Salafi Movement Islamic Constitutional Movement (ICM) Kuwait Democratic Forum (KDF) National Democratic Movement (NDM) Shiite National Islamic Alliance (NIA) No Spontaneously Total awareness Aware (Yes + Q33) (from Q33) 3% 53% 50% 47% 48% 49% 3% 51% 42% 57% 1% 43% 41% 59% 0% 41% 40% 60% 0% 40% 35. Please tell me how favorable your opinion is of the mentioned group? (Scale 1 – 5; where 1 = Not favorable at all & 5 = Very favorable) Total Sample Islamic Constitutional Movement (ICM) Salafi Movement Kuwait Democratic Forum (KDF) National Democratic Movement (NDM) Shiite National Islamic Alliance (NIA) Average Not favorable at all Not favorable Not Very heard Male Female Favorable favorable DK/NA of it Average Neutral 17% 2% 8% 3% 8% 13% 49% 2.5 2.3 2.9 20% 2% 7% 2% 8% 14% 47% 2.4 2.4 2.5 18% 2% 6% 2% 4% 12% 57% 2.1 2.0 2.2 17% 2% 5% 2% 3% 12% 59% 2.0 1.9 2.2 17% 1% 6% 2% 3% 12% 60% 2.0 1.9 2.3 36. Which association best represents your views? (Only one answer) Islamic Constitutional Movement (ICM) Salafi Movement Islamists Kuwait Democratic Forum (KDF) National Democratic Movement (NDM) Democratic Shiite National Islamic Alliance (NIA) Liberals Hizb Al Ommah Nobody 6% 6% 5% 3% 2% 2% 1% 1% 1% 74% 37. Which association is most active in your area? Governorate Total Sample Capital Hawalli Ahmadi Jahra Farwaniya Islamic Constitutional Movement (ICM) Islamists Salafi Movement Kuwait Democratic Forum (KDF) National Democratic Movement (NDM) Shiite National Islamic Alliance (NIA) Democratic Hizb Al Ommah Shabii Tribal Don't know / No answer Mbrak Kabir 7% 7% 4% 8% 9% 11% 2% 6% 5% 3% 5% 4% 1% 12% 3% 6% 10% 8% 8% 3% 6% 2% 2% 2% 2% 6% 1% 1% 1% - - 1% 3% 1% - 1% - 2% - - - 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 75% 2% 1% 78% 1% 1% 1% 83% 2% 1% 70% 67% 71% 3% 3% 3% 77% 38. If parliamentary elections were held today, what kind of association / candidate would you most likely vote for? (Only one answer) Those who work for the best for Kuwait/good reputation Islamic Constitutional Movement (ICM) Salafi Movement Islamists National Democratic Movement (NDM) Kuwait Democratic Forum (KDF) Democratic Liberals Shabii Nobody 56% 6% 6% 5% 2% 2% 2% 1% 1% 19% 39. What do you think about the pace of reform in Kuwait? Right pace Too slow Slow Fast There are no reforms in Kuwait Too fast Don't know / No answer 29% 27% 22% 11% 4% 1% 7% 40. Which media channel do you use to get political information? Mentioned one or more media source(s) Did not mentioned any 88% 12% 40.1. Which television station do you rely on most to get information related to politics in Kuwait? (Only one answer) (Answers were given by 559 respondents) KTV1 Al Arabiya Rai Al Jazeera MBC BBC CNN 38% 26% 22% 10% 3% 1% 1% 40.2. Which radio station do you rely on most to get information related to politics in Kuwait? (Only one answer) (Answers were given by 30 respondents) KW1 BBC 53% 47% 40.3. Which newspaper do you rely most on, to get information related to politics in Kuwait? (Only one answer) (Answers were given by 744 respondents) Watan Rai Al a'am Qabass Anbaa Syasah 56% 26% 15% 3% 1% 40.4. Which website do you rely on most to get information related to politics in Kuwait? (Only one answer) (Answers were given by 17 respondents) Different news / newspapers' websites 100% 41.A. Who are the people in Kuwaiti public life who you view most favorably? Mentioned one or more name(s) 57% Did not mentioned any name 43% 41. Names of public figures mentioned in the particular field: Politicians (Given by 346 respondents) Sheikh Sabah Al Ahmed/The Amir Ahmed Al Rubie Sheikh Mohd Al Sabah Ahmed Al Sadoun Musallam Al Barrak Khrafi / Parliament president Sheikh Ahmed Al Fahad Sheikh Nawaf Al Ahmed Sheikh Jabir Al Ahmed Walid Tabtabai Walid Al Jarri Abdullah Al Nafisi Faisal Al Musallam Sheikh Salem Al Sabah Ahmed Al Khatib Khalid Al Adwah Zalzalah Abdul Muhsin Jamal Saleh Ashour Mohd Shoumi Ahmed Baqir Nassir Al Sani Masouma Al Mubarak Nabila Al Anjari Bin Tafla Marzouq Al Ghanim Artists (Given by 188 respondents) Abdul Hussain Abdul Rida Abdullah Rwaished Hayat Al Fahad Tariq Al Ali Nabil Shuail Saad Al Faraj Khalid Al Nafisi Suad Abdulla Abdul Rahman Al Aqel Dawood Hussain Abdul Karim Abdul Qadir Bashar Al Shatti Ghanim Al Saleh Mohd Al Mansour 24% 13% 11% 10% 10% 9% 4% 3% 3% 3% 2% 2% 2% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 40% 18% 13% 7% 6% 5% 3% 3% 2% 2% 2% 2% 1% 1% Economists (Given by 99 respondents) Nassir Khrafi Rola Dashti Abdul Aziz Al Saqir Maha Al Ghunaim Bader Al Humaizi Al Ghanim Adnan Al Bahar Media Personalities (Given by 196 respondents) Fuad Al Hashim Mohd Al Sanoussi Mohd Al Jassim Faissal Al dwaisan Fawziya Al Durai Majid Al Shatti Barakat Al wqian Yousif Al Jassim Mohd Musaid Al Saleh Ahmed Al Jarallah Faisal Al Junai Sami Al Nasif Yousif Mustafa Halima Boland Nadia Saqer Abdul Muhsin Jamal Religious Personalities (Given by 439 respondents) Mohd Al Awadi Nabil Al Awadi Khalid Al Mathkour Tabtabai Ajeel Al Nashmi Al Affasi Ahmed Al Qattan Tariq Al Swaidan Abdullah Al Mutawa Al Qallaf Abdulla Al Sumait 80% 12% 5% 2% 2% 2% 1% 41% 30% 8% 5% 5% 4% 2% 2% 2% 2% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 36% 32% 24% 6% 4% 4% 3% 2% 2% 2% 1% Socio-demographics Age Monthly income Type of residence 21-30 28% < KD500 31-40 41-50 30% KD501-900 27% KD901-1300 34% 34% 51-60 11% > KD1300 27% > 60 5% Widow 3% Student 5% Work status Employed 53% Martial Status Married 79% Unemployed 2% Single 16% Retired 19% Divorced 5% 2% Housewife 22% Sectors respondents are working in Public sector Private sector Owns a business Not working (retired/unemployed/student/housewife) Level of education Below Villa 39% 7% intermediate Govt. housing 49% Intermediate 19% Apartment 12% Secondary 24% Institute / 20% Governorate college Capital 22% University 30% Ahmadi 19% Farwaniya 19% No. of family members Hawalli 18% 1-4 23% 5-8 52% Mubarek Al 12% Kabir 9-12 20% Jahra 10% >12 6% 45% 7% 1% 49%