KUWAITI PUBLIC OPINION SURVEY REPORT Prepared by Kuwait Economic Society April 2007 METHODOLOGY Type of Study Quantitative public opinion poll Sample Size 1,200 interviewees - 600 female - 600 male Respondent's profile Kuwaiti citizens, aged 21 and over Sampling Method Random sample Method of Data Collection Telephone interviews Date of Fieldwork Interviews were conducted between March 8 and April 12, 2007. Sampling error The margin of error for the sample consisting of 1,200 respondents is ±2.8%. KEY FINDINGS KEY FINDINGS Kuwait’s Priority Issues Kuwaitis are by far most concerned about the cost of living and their expenses (64%), distantly followed by education (19%), social issues (16%) and health related problems (14%). Areas that are considered serious threats to Kuwait's future are: war in the region/ Iran/Iraq (28%), bad local administration (19%), social issues (16%) and bad economy (11%). For the first time, respondents mentioned sectarianism as a threat to Kuwait’s future, although it was only mentioned by 1% of interviewees. Current Situation in Kuwait Kuwait is heading in: Neutral, 15% Compared to five years ago, the situation in Kuwait is:Don't know, Don't know/NA, 3% Neutral, 13% 1% Right direction, 36% Wrong direction, 46% Better, 33% Worse, 53% Don't know, 16% Five years from now, the situation in Kuwait will be: Better, 36% Neutral, 17% Worse, 31% Development in the country was cited as the main reason for being optimistic about Kuwait’s future. Bad governance, high cost of living/expenses and selfishness are the main reasons for pessimism. Sixty-nine percent of those surveyed believe that Kuwait's economy is flourishing (compared to 73% in the previous survey). Fifty-eight percent of all respondents believe that Kuwait's economy outside of the petroleum sector is also flourishing. Thirty-seven percent (compared to 40% in the previous survey) of all respondents believe that reforms in Kuwait are happening at the right pace/fast whereas, 54% (compared to 49% in the previous survey) believe it is too slow/slow. Corruption in Kuwait One in three respondents (66%, compared to 57% in the previous survey) believe that corruption is widespread in Kuwait and that it is most prevalent in: Municipalities, the Ministry of Interior, the Ministry of Social Affairs and others were mentioned in particular. Fifty-four percent of respondents felt that no one is combating corruption in Kuwait, while 16% said that the Government/Parliament and 9% said some superiors are combating corruption in Kuwait. Evaluation of Current Administration’s Performance Current Parliament/MPs' performance is: Don't know, 8% Ver poor, 14% Excellent, 7% Current ministers' performance is: Evaluating new gov. Evaluating previous gov. 40% 30% 21% 18% 20% 12% Poor, 16% 38% 26% Good, 22% Neutral, 33% 39% 10% 12% 7%8% 5%4% 4% 6% 0% 0% Excellent Good Neutral Poor Ver poor Still new Don't know/ NA Elections 72% of the respondents are considering voting in the next Parliamentary elections (74% of men and 70% of women). The main positive outcomes expected of the new 5 district system in the 2010 election are: Negative outcomes expected 38% 4% No negative o utco me Increased bias/ tribalism 3% Diso rganized electio n Note: Sectarianism was mentioned as a positive point in the new 5 district system. Voting & Women Will women candidates fare better in the future, i.e. the 2010 election: Don't know, 3% Will encourage women to vote: No , 15% Don't know, 1% Yes, 29% Maybe, 7% No , 40% Yes, 77% Maybe, 28% Would support/vote for women candidates: Don't know, 1% Yes, 41% No , 37% Maybe, 21% Women candidates will fare Will encourage women in Will support/vote for women better in future family to vote candidates Previously Currently Previously Currently Previously Currently Yes 28% 29% Yes 66% 77% Yes 38% 41% No 33% 40% No 23% 15% No 43% 37% Maybe 33% 28% Maybe 8% 7% Maybe 16% 21% Politics in Kuwait The following are average scores of responses about political issues in Kuwait (on a scale of 1 to 5, where 5 means “strongly agree”). Kuwait should decrease the amount of loans/giveaways to other countries There is no need to have political movements in Kuwait Average 4.2 4.0 Having more liberal and democratic MPs is good for the future of Kuwait. Having women MPs is necessary. 3.2 3.1 Medium There should be more women ministers. The current ministers have a clear working plan for the future 2.8 2.7 Low High Sixty-one percent of respondents cannot name any political movements or associations when asked which ones they are aware of. The remainder named the following: Associations representing respondents views Previously Currently Islamists ICM Salafi Movement None 5% 6% 6% 74% 6% 2% 1% 83% Associations most active in respondents area Previously Currently Islamists ICM Salafi Movement Not aware of any 5% 7% 5% 75% 6% 3% 2% 72% Twenty-two percent of all the respondents believe that there will be a bigger role for the local political movements in the next election, while 71% are not sure. Media Media channel used: Ninety-two percent of all respondents mentioned that they receive political information through the media. KTV (35%) is the TV channel watched most for political information, followed by Rai (26%), Al Jazeera (17%) and Al Arabiya (15%). Al Watan (63%) is read most, followed by Rai Al A'am (20%) and Qabas (12%). Public Figures The respondents were asked to identify the local public figures that they prefer the most in different fields: Field Religious personalities Politicians Artist Media personalities Economists Did not mention any name Respondents who named a person 51% 43% 22% 21% 16% 25% Politicians Sheikh Sabah Al Ahmed / The Amir Khrafi / Parliament president Musallam Al Barrak Sheikh Mohd Al Sabah Ahmed Al Sadoun Ahmed Al Rabie Sheikh Ahmed Al Fahad Al Sabah Sheikh Nawaf Al Ahmed Al Sabah Religious Personalities Khalid Al Mathkour Mohd Al Awadi Nabil Al Awadi Ahmed Al Qattan 24% 18% 10% 9% 6% 6% 5% 4% 29% 28% 25% 11% Economists Nassir Khrafi Al Ghanim Jassim Al Kharafi Marzouq Al Ghanim Jassim Al Sadoun Bader Al Humaizi Rola Dashti Media Personalities Fuad Al Hashim Mohd Al Sanoussi Yousif Al Jassim Artists Abdul Hussain Abdul Rida Abdullah Rwaished Hayat Al Fahad 44% 16% 11% 7% 7% 6% 3% 31% 24% 14% 44% 20% 13% DETAILED FINDINGS DETAILED FINDINGS 1. What are the key local issues and concerns that you believe should be addressed in the near future? Cost of living/Expenses Loans/debts High cost of living Housing Local administration Traffic jam Electricity/Water Security Law enforcement Education Education Social issues Bad manners/people don’t follow our traditions Social problems/marriage/divorce/ polygamy Drugs 25% 23% 16% 10% 5% 5% 2% 19% 11% 3% Health related Health care Unemployment Unemployment Corruption Wasta Corruption Political issues Bedun Other Increasing salaries Economy/reforms High number of expatriates 14% 11% Nothing/No important issues Don’t know/No answer 2% 2. Generally speaking, do you believe that things in Kuwait are going in the right or wrong direction? Wrong direction Right direction No difference Don’t know/NA 46% 36% 15% 3% 3. Compared to 5 years ago, do you believe that things in Kuwait are getting …? Worse Better No difference Don’t know/NA 53% 33% 13% 1% 4. Do you think things will be better or worse in Kuwait in five years? Better Worse No difference / expected changes Don’t know/NA 36% 31% 17% 16% 6% 3% 6% 4% 4% 3% 5% 6% 5.1. Why do you think that things will be better? (Answered by 432 respondents who answered affirmatively in Question 4) Hope Wish so/Inshallah/Optimistic Development Development/technology/ construction Reforms Good governance Good government/ruler Good Parliament 37% 34% 4% 10% 4% Other Solving our problems New generation is better/more educated Peace in region Women have their rights/will join the Parliament Don't know/No answer 4% 3% 1% 1% 5% 5.2. Why do you believe that things will be worse? (Answered by 368 respondents who answered negatively in Question 4) Bad governance Everything is bad/things are getting worse Bad government/decisions/no plans/not solving problems All work for their own interests/nobody works for Kuwait High cost of living High cost of living Loans/debts Parliament Conflict between parliament and government Bad Parliament Social issues Bad manners Social problems 19% 18% 11% 15% 2% 8% 1% 5% 2% Corruption Corruption Wasta Administration Ineffective law enforcement Electricity/water/roads/traffic jam Bad education Economy Bad economy Political instability Insecurity in region/wars Government is not stable/ there is no government Other Expatriates Don't know/No answer 4% 2% 3% 1% 1% 3% 2% 1% 1% 9% 6. Overall, what are the most serious issues that are a threat to Kuwait's future? War Insecurity in region/wars Iran Iraq Terrorism Social issues Bad manners Youth problems Social problems Drugs New generation is bad Local administration Local insecurity/crime Bad education Ineffective law enforcement Electricity/water/roads Health services are bad Economy Bad economy Unemployment Oil dependency/oil will run out High cost of living Loans/debts/high interest High cost of living Housing 14% 9% 4% 1% 10% 2% 2% 1% 1% 9% 6% 2% 1% 1% 4% 4% 3% 3% 3% 1% Corruption Corruption All work for their own interests/nobody works for Kuwait Wasta Bad governance Instable government /no government Bad government/ decisions/ no plans/not solving problems Parliament Bad/weak Parliament Conflict between Parliament and Government Political issues Bedun Political associations United States Loans for other countries Other Labor High number of expatriates Sectarianism Nothing/No important issues Don't know/No answer 7. What is your work status? Public sector Retired Homemaker/Housewife Private sector University student College student Has his/her own business Unemployed Total Male Female 48% 54% 41% 20% 28% 12% 15% 0% 31% 5% 7% 4% 4% 3% 5% 4% 4% 4% 2% 3% 1% 2% 1% 4% 3% 3% 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 10% 11% (Questions 8-10 are answered only by those who are employed in the public or private sectors) 8. What is your current level of job satisfaction? Total 77% 14% 9% Satisfied Neutral Dissatisfied Male Female 84% 67% 10% 21% 6% 12% 9. In regard to your current work, do you consider yourself as a productive person? Yes Neutral No 89% 7% 4% 10. Do you think that you will be in a leading position in the future? Yes No I am already in a good/leading position Don't know/No answer 57% 34% 7% 1% (Questions 11-13 are answered only by those who are currently studying or are unemployed) 11. Do you intend to start working immediately/after graduation? Yes No 89% 11% 12. Where do you intend to work? Public sector Private sector Establish his/her own business Don't know/Not decided yet Total 59% 26% 1% 14% Male Female 48% 65% 33% 23% 0% 1% 20% 11% 13. Why do you prefer to work in public sector? (Answered by 65 respondents who chose “public sector” in Question 12) Better retirement policy Better in terms of retirement system Job Security More secure Benefits Better salary Promotions/allowance Work environment Better work hours Better vacations 32% 26% 15% 6% 14% 12% No pressure/less work Traditions Non-segregation/keep our traditions Other Better in everything Work faster Do not like private sector Don't know/No answer 8% 11% 6% 5% 2% 5% 14. Do you believe that Kuwait’s economy is flourishing? Yes No Don't know/No answer 69% 28% 3% 15. Apart from the oil sector, do you believe that Kuwait’s economy is flourishing in terms of other non-oil economic aspects (investments, trading, industry, etc.)? Yes No Don't know/No answer 58% 40% 2% 16. How do you see your/your family’s economic situation in 5 years? Better Worse Will be no different Don't know/No answer 43% 19% 25% 14% 17.1. Why do you think that it will be better? (Answered by 521 respondents who said “Better” in Question 16) Increase in income Increasing salaries/ promotions /allowances Will start working Private business/investment/ future planning Hope I wish/Optimistic/Inshallah Economy Development/good economy/high petroleum rate Reforms 30% 14% 10% 25% 9% Loan settlement Loans will be settled Government will cancel loans Better next generation Children will graduate/work/ less responsibilities Youth are better/more active Other Good government Don't know/No answer 5% 1% 5% 1% 1% 2% 1% 17.2. Why do you think that it will be worse? (Answered by 223 respondents who said “Worse” in Question 16) Cost of living High cost of living Loans/debts Decreasing income Low salaries/retirement Overall grim prospects Everything is getting difficult/worse/ bad economy 66% 9% 13% 7% More responsibilities More responsibilities/children will grow up Other Oil rate will go down Wars 1% 1% Don't know/No answer 5% 18. Currently, do you pay loan installments to banks/financial institutions? Yes No 59% 41%s 4% 19. What type of loan do you have? (Answered by 707 respondents who said “Yes” in Question 18) Consumer automobile financing Cash loan (not specified) Housing Consumer financing: furniture, electronics, etc. Business purposes Educational 59% 35% 33% 8% 3% 2% 20. Do you believe that corruption is prevalent in Kuwait? Yes Neutral No Don't know/No answer Total 66% 12% 9% 13% Male 66% 14% 10% 10% Female 65% 11% 8% 17% 21. If yes or neutral, Where do you see corruption most prevalent in Kuwait? (Answered by 934 respondents who said “Yes” or “Neutral” in Question 20) Ministries/governmental entities Municipality The Government Ministry of Interior Ministry of Social Affairs Through Parliament Co-ops Through some of the MP's Ministry of Justice/Courts 22% 7% 4% 4% 3% 2% 1% 1% 1% Ministry of Commerce Banks Ministry of Public Works Private sector/companies Ministry of Health Ministry of Finance Everywhere Don't know/No answer 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 42% 18% 22. Who is combating corruption in Kuwait? (Answered by 934 respondents who said “Yes” or “Neutral” in Question 20) Capable superiors The Kuwaiti People The Government Some of the MP'S The Parliament Religious/Morally strong individuals The Amir Everybody Prime Minister / Shiekh Nassir Al Mohamad The Press Ministry of Interior Nobody combats corruption Don't know/No answer 9% 6% 5% 5% 4% 3% 2% 2% 1% 1% 1% 54% 11% 23. What is your overall evaluation of the current Parliament/MPs’ performance? Excellent (5.0) Good (4.0) Neutral (3.0) Poor (2.0) Very poor (1.0) Don’t know/ No answer 7% 22% 33% 16% 14% 8% Average 2.9 24. Can you name any of the MPs’ who currently represent your electoral district? Mentioned one MP name Mentioned two MPs’ names Don't know any of the MPs/No answer 20% 59% 21% 25. What is your overall evaluation of the current ministers’ performance? Excellent (5.0) Good (4.0) Neutral (3.0) Poor (2.0) Very poor (1.0) They are still new/can't evaluate them Don’t know/No answer Average Evaluating new gov. 5% 21% 12% 7% 4% 39% 12% Evaluating previous gov. 4% 18% 26% 8% 6% 0% 38% 3.3 3.1 26. What are the political movements/associations in Kuwait that you are aware of? (Below are the political movements/associations that respondents could spontaneously name.) Islamists Islamic Constitutional Movement (ICM) Salafi Movement Liberals Shabii Mustaqila / Mustaqilin Democratic Hizb Al Ommah Kuwait Democratic Forum (KDF) National Democratic Movement (NDM) Shiite National Islamic Alliance (NIA) Don't know / No answer 21% 13% 12% 12% 12% 10% 7% 5% 3% 2% 1% 61% 27. Do you believe that these movements represent their agendas and views clearly? Yes Neutral No Don't know/No answer 12% 12% 25% 50% 28. Do you feel that you need to know more about their agendas, activities, personalities, etc.? Yes No 19% 81% 29. Please state how favorable your opinion is of the group(s) you mentioned? (Answered only by those who named particular group(s) in Question 26.) (Scale of 1-5, where 1 = “Not Favorable at All” and 5 = “Very Favorable”) Not favorable at all (1) Not favorable (2) 7 10% 10% 30% 10% 30% 10% 3.4 2.8 4.3 29 24% 24% 17% 3% 28% 3% 2.9 2.7 3.1 249 80 148 29% 20% 22% 15% 19% 28% 13% 21% 13% 11% 5% 5% 24% 17% 21% 7% 17% 11% 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.5 2.7 3.2 3.5 2.7 40 28% 26% 21% 8% 15% 3% 2.6 2.3 3.3 117 139 20% 26% 27% 24% 18% 17% 11% 12% 11% 11% 14% 10% 2.6 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.5 153 44% 20% 13% 11% 9% 4% 2.2 2.0 2.6 144 65 39% 42% 29% 32% 10% 11% 9% --- 9% 3% 4% 12% 2.2 1.7 2.3 1.7 1.9 1.8 Answered by Shiite National Islamic Alliance (NIA) National Democratic Movement (NDM) Islamists Democrats Shabbi Kuwait Democratic Forum (KDF) Mustaqillin/ Mustaqila Liberals Islamic Constitutional Movement (ICM) Salafi Movement Hizb Alommah Average Neutral Favorable (3) (4) Very favorable (5) Male Female DK/NA Average 30. Which one of the following associations best represents your views? Islamists Shabii Islamic Constitutional Movement (ICM) Democratic Mustaqila / Mustaqilin Salafi Movement Kuwait Democratic Forum (KDF) Liberals Nobody 6% 3% 2% 2% 2% 1% 1% 1% 83% 31. Which association is most active in your area? Governorate Total Sample Capital Hawalli Ahmadi Jahra Islamists Islamic Constitutional Movement (ICM) Salafi Movement Kuwait Democratic Forum (KDF) Liberals Mustaqila/Mustaqilin Shabii Nobody Don't know/No answer 6% 3% 2% 12% 4% Farwa niya 9% 3% 5% 2% 2% 3% 4% 2% 2% 1% 1% 1% 1% 14% 72% 3% 1% 0% 2% 0% 8% 77% 0% 1% 3% 0% 2% 15% 73% 2% 0% 0% 0% 1% 21% 61% 0% 0% 0% 0% 1% 8% 83% 4% 0% 0% 0% 2% 18% 62% 1% 0% 1% 1% 0% 10% 82% 32. How do you think the new 5 district system, which will go into effect with the next parliamentary election anticipated in 2010, will be better than the previous system? Better MPs/only good candidates will win Less bribes/corruption during election Less tribalism/bias/favoritism More choices for voters to select their candidates MPs will give more services to people/care more Less sectarianism MPs will coordinate with each other more More chances for women candidates No Wasta Fewer MPs Women will not win 5 districts system is better, with no reason No positive changes/outcomes Don't know/No answer 21% 18% 14% 6% 4% 4% 2% 2% 2% 1% 1% 1% 12% 31% Mbrak Kabir 2% 33. How do you think the new 5 district system, which will go into effect with the next parliamentary election anticipated in 2010, will be worse than the previous system? Tribalism/bias/favoritism will be increased Election will be disorganized Political associations will be active/increased Sectarianisms will be increased MPs won’t be allowed to give services to many voters Small areas will be ignored Candidates will work for their own interests No relation between candidates and voters Bribes/corruption will be increased Wining will be difficult Bad candidates will win 5 districts system is worse with no reason No negative changes/outcomes Don’t know/No answer 4% 3% 2% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 38% 47% 34. Do you believe that there will be a bigger role for the local political movements in the next election? Total Yes 22% No 7% Don't know/no answer 71% Note: Those who answered “yes” gave a number of reasons, including: candidates should join political groups to win/to let voters know about themselves, districts will be bigger with the 5 district system, political groups will help support candidates, political groups become stronger and have more influence. 35. Would you consider voting in the next parliamentary election in 2010? Yes Probably No Don't know/No answer Total 72% 9% 17% 2% Male Female 74% 70% 6% 12% 17% 18% 3% 2% 36. Do you believe that women candidates will fare better in the future, i.e. the 2010 election? Yes Probably No Don't know/No answer 29% 28% 40% 3% 37. Will you encourage women in your family to register and vote? Yes Probably No Don't know/No answer Total 77% 7% 15% 1% Male 80% 7% 12% 1% Female 75% 7% 17% 1% Male 40% 27% 33% 1% Female 41% 15% 42% 2% 38. Would you vote for women candidates? Yes Probably No Don't know / No answer Total 41% 21% 37% 1% 39. What is your level of agreement with the following statements regarding politics in Kuwait? (Scale of 1-5, where 1 = “Strongly Disagree” and 5 = “Strongly Agree”) Strongly disagree Disagree (1) (2) Kuwait should decrease the amount of loans/giveaways to other countries There is no need to have political movements in Kuwait Having more liberal and democratic MPs is good for the future of Kuwait. Total Sample Strongly Neutral Agree agree (3) (4) (5) Average Male Female DK/NA Average 5% 6% 11% 17% 56% 6% 4.2 4.0 4.4 9% 8% 10% 15% 51% 7% 4.0 3.9 4.1 9% 11% 23% 15% 15% 27% 3.2 3.2 3.3 Having women MPs is necessary. 19% 19% 19% 21% 20% 3% 3.1 3.1 3.0 There should be more women ministers. 25% 17% 22% 21% 13% 3% 2.8 2.8 2.8 The current ministers have a clear working plan for the future 14% 13% 25% 10% 5% 34% 2.7 2.6 2.7 40. What do you think about the pace of reforms in Kuwait? Too slow/slow Right pace Too fast/fast There are no reforms in Kuwait Don't know/No answer 54% 31% 6% 4% 5% 41A. What type of media do you use to get political information? Mentioned one or more media source(s) None/did not mentioned any media source 92% 8% Type of media used Newspapers TV Radio Websites/Internet None/did not mentioned any 66% 29% 2% 2% 8% 41.1. What newspaper do you rely on most to get information related to politics in Kuwait? (Only one answer) (Answered by 792 respondents) Watan Al Rai Qabass Syasah Anbaa 63% 20% 12% 2% 3% 41.2. What TV station do you rely on most to get information related to politics in Kuwait? (Only one answer) (Answered by 342 respondents) KTV1 Rai Al Jazeera Al Arabiya MBC Hurra 35% 26% 17% 15% 7% 1% 41.3. Which radio station do you rely on most to get information related to politics in Kuwait? (Only one answer) (Answered by 21 respondents) BBC KW1 Sawa Others 57% 29% 10% 5% 42. Who are the people in Kuwaiti public life whom you view most favorably? Mentioned one or more public figure(s) None/did not mentioned any name 75% 25% 42.1. Public figures mentioned by their particular field: Politicians (511 respondents answered) Artists (269 respondents answered) Sheikh Sabah Al Ahmed / The Amir Khrafi / Parliament president Musallam Al Barrak Sheikh Mohd Al Sabah Ahmed Al Sadoun Ahmed Al Rabie Sheikh Ahmed Al Fahad Al Sabah Sheikh Nawaf Al Ahmed Al Sabah Sheikh Nassir Al Mohammed Al Sabah Walled Tabtabai Sheikh Jabir Al Ahmed Ahmed AL Khateeb Nassir Al Sani Masuma Al Mubarak Bader Al Humaidi Daif Allah Bu Ramiyah Waleeed Al Jari Abdullah Al Nafisi Faisal Al Musallam Bin Taflah Marzoug Al Ghanim Ahmed Lari Mushari Al Anjari Al Nibari Sheikh Fahad Al Ahmed Al Sabah Nuria Al Subaih Sheikh Mohamed Al Khalid 24% 18% 10% 9% 6% 6% 5% 4% 3% 3% 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% Abdul Hussain Abdul Rida Abdullah Rwaished Hayat Al Fahad Tariq Al Ali Abdul Karim Abdul Qadir Nawal Nabil Shuail Khalid Al Nafisi Suad Abdulla Dawood Hussain Ghanim Al Saleh Mohd Al Mansour Saad Al Faraj Abdul Rahman Al Aqel Abdul Azizi Al Musallam 44% 20% 13% 9% 7% 4% 3% 3% 3% 2% 2% 2% 1% 1% 1% Religious/Preachers (612 answered) Khalid Al Mathkour Mohd Al Awadi Nabil Al Awadi Ahmed Al Qattan Tabtabai Al Affasi Ajeel Al Nashmi Tariq Al Swaidan Nazim Al Misbah Al Matouq Al Nahham 29% 28% 25% 11% 7% 6% 5% 4% 2% 1% 1% Media Personalities (249 answered) Fuad Al Hashim Mohd Al Sanoussi Yousif Al Jassim Sheikh Ahmed Al Fahad Al Sabah Anas Al Rushaid Ahmed Al Jarallah Mohd Al Jassim Faisal Al Duaisan Majid Al Shatti Mohd Musaid Al Saleh Faisal Al Junai Fawziyah Al Durai Barakat Al Wqian Sami Al Nisif Yousif Mustafa Halima Buland Faisal Al Zamil Fatma Hussain Economists (188 respondents answered) 31% 24% 14% 6% 5% 3% 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% Nassir Khrafi Al Ghanim Jassim Al Kharafi Marzouq Al Ghanim Jassim Al Sadoun Bader Al Humaizi Rola Dashti Abdul Aziz Al Saqir Maha Al Ghunaim Saad Al Barrak Adnan Al Musallam Qutaiba Al Ghanim Barrak Al Marzouq Sheikh Sabah Al Ahmed/The Amir Shekha Al Bahar Al Shaie 44% 16% 11% 7% 7% 6% 3% 2% 2% 2% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% Socio-demographics Monthly Income 21-30 30% < KD500 31-40 32% KD501-900 41-50 24% KD901-1300 51-60 12% > KD1300 > 60 3% Work Status Employed Martial Status Married 76% Unemployed Single 18% Retired Widow 3% Student Divorced 4% Housewife Sectors respondents are working in Public sector Private sector Own a business Not working (retired/unemployed/student/homemaker) Age 5% 26% 29% 40% 55% 2% 20% 8% 15% Type of Residence Villa Gov. Housing Apartment Governorate Capital Ahmadi Farwaniya Hawalli Mbk Al Kabir Jahra 48% 5% 2% 46% Level of Education 41% Below Intermediate 43% 16% Intermediate Secondary 22% Institute/College 19% University 19% 18% 12% 10% 3% 13% 24% 24% 36%