DISSECTION 35
Gluteal Region, Posterior Compartment of Thigh, Hip Joint
References: M1 562-587, 626-634, 659-661; N 469, 476-477, 484-486, 498-500, 521-524; N 487, 494-495,
502-504, 516-518, 539-542; R 430-431, 440-443, 466-473
AT THE END OF THIS LABORATORY PERIOD YOU WILL BE RESPONSIBLE FOR THE
IDENTIFICATION AND DEMONSTRATION OF THE STRUCTURES LISTED BELOW:
1. Bones and bony features: femur - (gluteal tuberosity, greater trochanter, head, neck, shaft, fovea capitis, articular
cartilage); ilium - (crest, anterior superior spine, greater sciatic notch); ischium - (spine, lesser sciatic notch,
tuberosity), pubis, obturator foramen, acetabular fossa.
2. Muscles and fascia: gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, tensor fasciae latae, piriformis, obturator
internus, iliotibial tract, biceps femoris (short head, long head), semitendinosus, semimembranosus, gastrocnemius
(medial and lateral heads), plantaris, gracilis, adductor magnus.
3. Arteries: superior gluteal, inferior gluteal, internal pudendal, popliteal.
4. Veins: small saphenous, popliteal.
5. Nerves: posterior femoral cutaneous, superior gluteal, inferior gluteal, pudendal, sciatic, tibial, common fibular ,
obturator, sural.
6. Ligaments: sacrotuberous, sacrospinous, iliofemoral, ischiofemoral, pubofemoral, ligamentum teres femoris,
acetabular labrum.
YOU SHOULD ALSO BE ABLE TO DO THE FOLLOWING THINGS:
1. Give the innervation and the functions of the gluteus maximus, the gluteus medius, and the gluteus minimus and
describe the disabilities that would be evident with paralysis of any of these muscles. Tell which nerve or muscle is
paralyzed if you are presented with its characteristic disability.
2. State the attachments and the relationships of the piriformis muscle.
3. List six muscles that are lateral rotators of the thigh.
4. Name the structures that pass through the greater and lesser sciatic foramina.
5. Tell what region of the buttock is a safe area for intramuscular injections and tell why the other
parts of the buttock are unsafe.
6. Name and give the blood supply, innervation, and action of the muscles in the posterior compartment of the thigh.
7. State the boundaries and contents of the popliteal fossa, and demonstrate them on the cadaver.
8. Identify on the cadaver the arteries arising from the popliteal artery and the nerves arising from
the tibial and common fibular nerves in the popliteal fossa.
9.
Name and identify ligaments of the hip joint.
10. Give the innervation and blood supply of the hip joint.
11. Name the muscles acting on the hip joint and give their main actions.
12. Name the structures that limit movements at the hip joint.
13. Show understanding of pain referral from the hip joint to the region of the knee.
14. Discuss the collateral circulation between the pelvis and the thigh.
15. Describe or demonstrate the attachments of the capsule of the hip joint.
Dissection 35, Gluteal Region, Thigh, Hip Joint
Identify the bones and bony features listed above
and then remove the skin from the remaining portion
of the thigh and buttock if this has not already been
done. Review structures exposed in Dissection 30:
the POSTERIOR FEMORAL CUTANEOUS NERVE, the
GLUTEUS MAXIMUS originating in part from the
SACROTUBEROUS LIGAMENT, and the PUDENDAL
NERVE and the INTERNAL PUDENDAL ARTERY
where they cross the SACROSPINOUS LIGAMENT.
The Gluteal Muscles
The GLUTEUS MAXIMUS, GLUTEUS MEDIUS and
GLUTEUS MINIMUS MUSCLES (G5.23B, 23C, 23D;
N476, 477; N494, 495) comprise most of the bulk of
the buttock. Identify the anterior border of the
gluteus maximus by tracing the ILIOTIBIAL TRACT
upward. Locate the anterior part of the tract
belonging to the TENSOR FASCIAE LATAE, and the
posterior part belonging to the gluteus maximus
muscle (G5.15A; N476; N494; A424). Clean the
posterior border of the tensor muscle and look for its
nerve supply from the SUPERIOR GLUTEAL NERVE.
Identify
branches
of
the SUPERIOR and
and NERVES (A428,
430; G5.24, 25; N485; N503) which were detached
from the gluteus maximus in Dissection 30 to allow
the reflection to be completed. Find the PIRIFORMIS
MUSCLE and observe that the superior gluteal nerve
and vessels emerge above the muscle, whereas the
inferior gluteal nerve and vessels are below it. Study
the origin of the gluteus maximus, then reflect its
distal portion and examine its insertions into the
iliotibial tract and GLUTEAL TUBEROSITY of the
femur. Look for the bursa between its distal end and
the GREATER TROCHANTER (G5.24; N477; N495,
A430).
INFERIOR GLUTEAL ARTERIES
Reflect the GLUTEUS MEDIUS muscle by a
curved cut that parallels the crest of the ilium and is
about 6mm below the crest (G5.25; N477; N495;
A429). The superior portion need not be fully
reflected. This high cut protects the GLUTEUS
MINIMUS which attaches to the ILIUM only a short
distance inferior to the attachment of the gluteus
medius. Note that the SUPERIOR GLUTEAL NERVE
and deep branch of SUPERIOR GLUTEAL ARTERY lie
in the fascial plane between the gluteus medius and
the gluteus minimus. Trace the superior gluteal nerve
Page 2
to these two muscles and follow the terminal branch
to the TENSOR FASCIAE LATAE MUSCLE.
Clean the proximal parts of the SCIATIC NERVE
and the POSTERIOR FEMORAL CUTANEOUS NERVE
where they emerge caudal to the piriformis muscle
(N484, 485; N502, 503). Observe the origin of the
piriformis muscle and its position in the GREATER
SCIATIC NOTCH, then trace it to its insertion.
Identify
again
the
ISCHIAL
SPINE
and
SACROSPINOUS LIGAMENT, and find the PUDENDAL
NERVE and the INTERNAL PUDENDAL ARTERY
where they cross the sacrospinous ligament (G5.25;
N485; N503; A430). Separate the tendon of the
OBTURATOR INTERNUS MUSCLE from the gemellus
superior and gemellus inferior muscles. Clean the
quadratus femoris and observe its origin and
insertion. Cutting and reflecting of this muscle
exposes the obturator externus and the upper limit of
the musculofascial compartment which contains the
adductors of the thigh (G5.25, 32; A429).
Posterior Compartment of the Thigh
The hamstring group of muscles acts mainly at
the knee by flexing the leg, but all (except the short
head of the biceps femoris) can extend the thigh
(weak action) and adduct the limb (also weakly) if it
is in an abducted position.
Reflect the fascia lata superficial to the
and
SEMIMEMBRANOSUS
23C; N477; N495; A426-429) in
a medial direction as far as the fascial plane of the
GRACILIS and ADDUCTOR MAGNUS. Make a similar
lateral reflection to the lateral intermuscular septum
to expose the BICEPS FEMORIS MUSCLE. At the
distal end of the thigh these fascial reflections will
partially expose the fat in the popliteal fossa.
Separate
the
semimembranosus
from
the
semitendinosus and the SHORT and LONG HEADS OF
THE BICEPS. Note the relationships of the SCIATIC
NERVE and of the perforating branches of the
profunda femoris artery to these muscles (G5.24;
N484; N502; A428). Find the bifurcation of the
sciatic nerve near the apex of the popliteal fossa and
identify the COMMON FIBULAR NERVE laterally and
the TIBIAL NERVE medially. The muscles in the
flexor compartment are all innervated by the tibial
division of the sciatic nerve except the short head of
the biceps which is innervated by the common fibular
nerve.
SEMITENDINOSUS
MUSCLES (G5.23B,
Dissection 35, Gluteal Region, Thigh, Hip Joint
The Popliteal Fossa
The popliteal fossa is often called the popliteal
space; this depression behind the knee is important
because it transmits the main nerves and blood
vessels from the thigh to the leg.
Its lower
boundaries are formed by the two heads of the
GASTROCNEMIUS MUSCLE. (G5.36; N498; N516;
A441)
Clean the fat from the popliteal fossa to expose
the TIBIAL NERVE and a cutaneous branch of the
tibial, the medial sural nerve, which runs with the
SMALL SAPHENOUS VEIN in the tela subcutanea of
the midline of the calf. It is joined by the sural
communicating branch of the common fibular nerve
to form the SURAL NERVE. The sural nerve passes
behind the lateral malleolus to supply the skin of the
lateral aspect of the ankle and the foot. Look for
branches of the tibial nerve to the two heads of the
gastrocnemius. Identify the POPLITEAL VEIN and the
POPLITEAL ARTERY. Try to find one or more of the
five genicular arteries that branch from the popliteal.
What are their names? (See G5.48; N494; N512;
A443) Just above the origin of the lateral head of the
gastrocnemius, look for the PLANTARIS MUSCLE
(G5.37; N484; N502; A440).
Hip Joint
This dissection should be done on the hip joint of
the separate previously dissected specimen. Sever
the rectus femoris, sartorius, iliopsoas, and pectineus
muscles to expose the anterior part of the capsule of
the hip joint. The capsule is quite thin where the
psoas major muscle passes over it. A bursa between
the muscle and capsule often has a communication.
Detach the adductor muscles from the ischiopubic
ramus and detach the hamstring muscles and
hamstring part of the adductor magnus from the
ischial tuberosity. Observe the obturator externus
muscle and its nerve supply (obturator). Observe the
OBTURATOR NERVE emerging from the obturator
canal in the obturator membrane. Note how the fiber
direction of the obturator externus muscle is
continuous with the adductor brevis and magnus
(N475; N493). Sever the remaining muscles crossing
the posterior surface of the hip joint. These are the
lateral rotators: obturator externus and internus,
piriformis, superior and inferior gemelli, and
Page 3
quadratus femoris (G5.26, 27; N477, 485; N495, 503;
A422-423).
Move the lower member to observe the action in
the hip joint. This is a deep ball and socket joint and
the movement in the socket is modified by the
obliquity of the NECK OF THE FEMUR in relation to
the SHAFT (body). Rotate your own femur. Does the
axis of rotation pass along the shaft? Flexion and
extension of the member results from a rotation of the
HEAD OF THE FEMUR in the acetabulum along an
axis through the neck of the femur.
On the separate previously dissected specimen,
attempt to clean the capsule very carefully so that its
intrinsic ligaments may be distinguished.
The
anterior part of the capsule is thickened to form the
ILIOFEMORAL LIGAMENT (Y-ligament of Bigelow),
which is one of the two strongest ligaments in the
body (G5.29A; N469; N487; A435). In addition to
this part of the capsule attaching to the ilium there are
attachments to the ISCHIUM and PUBIS, since the
acetabulum is formed from parts of all of these
bones. These latter two parts of the capsule are
appropriately
named
ISCHIOFEMORAL
and
PUBOFEMORAL LIGAMENTS.
On the hip joint of the separate specimen open
the thin part of the capsule deep to the iliopsoas
tendon and try to make a window between the
iliofemoral ligament and the pubofemoral ligament
(See H Fig. 17-52B). Move the femur to observe the
related movements of its head as seen through this
window. Then cut the capsule through all its
ligaments and separate the femur from the
acetabulum. The LIGAMENT OF THE HEAD OF THE
FEMUR and atmospheric pressure will resist this
separation. The ligament of the head of the femur
has also been referred to as the ligamentum teres
femoris (round ligament of the femur). On the head
of the femur observe the FOVEA for the attachment of
the ligament of the head and the ARTICULAR
CARTILAGE.
On the acetabulum identify the
horseshoe shaped articular surface and the
ACETABULAR FOSSA, which is filled with fat covered
by synovial membrane. The depth of the acetabulum
is increased by the ACETABULAR LABRUM which is a
fibrocartilaginous lip attached to the bony rim of the
acetabulum. The notch in the acetabulum is spanned
by the transverse acetabular ligament. (G5.27; N469;
N487; A443-439)
Dissection 35, Gluteal Region, Thigh, Hip Joint
Page 4
STUDY QUESTIONS
1.
What are the functions
gluteus maximus?
1.
The gluteus maximus is the chief extensor of the
thigh. It also rotates the thigh laterally.
2.
What would be the principal
disability that would occur with
bilateral paralysis of the gluteus
maximus muscles?
2.
Since the chief action of the gluteus maximus is
extension at the hip joint, paralysis would result
in great weakness in this movement. The patient
would experience difficulty in rising from the
sitting position and in climbing stairs.
3.
What is the nerve supply to
the gluteus maximus?
3.
The gluteus maximus is innervated by the inferior
gluteal nerve.
4.
Does the inferior gluteal nerve
have any other function?
4.
No
5.
Name the bones from which
the gluteus maximus arises.
5.
Its origin is from the ilium, the sacrum, and the
coccyx. It also is attached to the outer surface of
the sacrotuberous ligament.
6.
What is the insertion of the
gluteus maximus?
6.
About ¾ of the upper and superficial part of the
muscle insert into the iliotibial tract. The
remaining part of the muscle inserts into the
gluteal tuberosity of the femur.
7.
What is the iliotibial tract?
7.
The iliotibial tract is a thickened lateral portion of
the fascia lata which receives the insertions of the
tensor fasciae latae and the gluteus maximus. As
it extends down the thigh it is firmly attached to
the femur through the lateral intermuscular
septum. Through this attachment both the tensor
and the gluteus maximus gain an indirect
attachment to the femur. Its distal end attaches to
the lateral condyle of the tibia.
8.
What is the main function of
the tensor fasciae latae muscle?
8.
The chief action of the tensor fasciae latae is
flexion of the hip joint. Other postulated actions
(abduction and medial rotation of the thigh;
extension at the knee) are not universally agreed
upon.
9.
Where do the gluteus medius and
gluteus minimus muscles insert?
9.
Both muscles insert on the greater trochanter of
the femur.
Dissection 35, Gluteal Region, Thigh, Hip Joint
Page 5
10. What are the actions of the gluteus
medius and gluteus minimus?
10. Both muscles abduct and medially rotate the
thigh. When one foot is lifted, as in walking, the
gluteus medius and minimus on the opposite side
contract so that the pelvis remains horizontal.
That is, they steady the pelvis so that it does not
sag when the foot on the opposite side is raised.
11. What is the innervation of the
gluteus medius and gluteus minimus?
11. Both muscles are innervated by the superior
gluteal nerve.
12. How do you test for paralysis
of the superior gluteal nerve?
12. By having the patient stand on one leg and noting
if the patient's pelvis sags on the unsupported
side. This is called a Trendelenburg test.
13. Name the muscles supplied by
the superior gluteal nerve.
13. The gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, and the
tensor fasciae latae.
14. What is the importance of
the piriformis muscle?
14. It is very important as a landmark for
understanding the relationships of the gluteal
region. The superior gluteal vessels and nerve
pass above its superior border, and the sciatic
nerve and inferior gluteal vessels and nerve pass
below its inferior border, although occasionally
the common fibular portion of the sciatic will
pierce the piriformis or rarely pass above it.
15. Name the short lateral rotator
muscles of the thigh.
15. The piriformis, the obturator internus, the
superior gemellus, the inferior gemellus, the
quadratus femoris, and the obturator externus.
16. What is the origin of the
obturator internus?
16. Its origin is inside the pelvis from the internal
surface of the obturator membrane and the bone
around the obturator foramen. It becomes a
narrow tendon as it leaves the pelvis by making a
sharp turn around the ischium just below the
ischial spine.
17. How is the obturator internus
muscle related to the two
gemelli (L. twins)?
17. The superior and inferior gemelli are extrapelvic
parts of the obturator internus, inserting into the
tendon of the obturator internus. The superior
gemellus arises from the ischial spine just above
the tendon of the obturator internus. The inferior
gemellus arises from the ischial tuberosity just
below the tendon of the obturator internus.
18. What structure separates the
greater sciatic notch from the
lesser sciatic notch?
18. The ischial spine.
Dissection 35, Gluteal Region, Thigh, Hip Joint
Page 6
19. What structure separates
the greater sciatic foramen
from the lesser sciatic foramen?
19. The sacrospinous ligament, which runs between
the ischial spine and the sacrum.
20. What structures pass out of the
pelvis through the greater sciatic
foramen?
20. The piriformis muscle, seven nerves, and three
arteries with their veins. The seven nerves are 1)
the sciatic nerve, 2) the superior gluteal nerve, 3)
the inferior gluteal nerve, 4) the pudendal nerve,
5) the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve, 6) the
nerve to the quadratus femoris, and 7) the nerve to
the obturator internus. The arteries are the
superior gluteal, the inferior gluteal, and the
internal pudendal.
21. Of the structures passing out of
the pelvis through the greater
sciatic foramen, which pass
above the piriformis muscle
and which pass below?
21. The superior gluteal nerve and artery pass out of
the pelvis above the piriformis; all the rest of the
nerves and vessels that leave the pelvis through
the greater sciatic foramen pass below the
piriformis. Occasionally, the common fibular
portion of the sciatic nerve will pass through the
piriformis and rarely it may pass above it.
22. What structures pass through
the lesser sciatic foramen?
22. The tendon of the obturator internus muscle, the
pudendal nerve, the internal pudendal vessels, and
the nerve to the obturator internus.
23. The pudendal nerve, the internal
pudendal vessels, and the nerve to
obturator internus must pass
superficial to what structures in
order to pass from the greater
sciatic foramen to the lesser
sciatic foramen?
23. Since the sacrospinous ligament and the ischial
spine separate the greater and lesser sciatic
foramina, these nerves and vessels must pass
superficial to the sacrospinous ligament and the
ischial spine.
24. What structure separates the
pudendal nerve and internal
pudendal vessels from the
gluteus maximus as they cross
the sacrospinous ligament?
24. The sacrotuberous ligament.
25. Since many important structures
enter the gluteal region by passing
below the inferior border of the
piriformis muscle and since
occasionally the common fibular
portion of the sciatic nerve will pierce
or even pass above the piriformis, what region of
the buttock is the only safe area
for giving intramuscular injections?
25. The only safe area for intramuscular injections in
the buttock is the superolateral part of the upper,
outer quadrant. (See M1 582-583)
Dissection 35, Gluteal Region, Thigh, Hip Joint
Page 7
26. Name the hamstring muscles.
26. Semitendinosus, semimembranosus, and the long
head of the biceps femoris.
27. What joints are crossed by the
hamstring muscles?
27. The hamstrings cross the knee joint and the hip
joint.
What actions do they perform
at these joints?
They flex the leg at the knee and extend the thigh
at the hip.
28. What is the origin of the
hamstring muscles?
28. The ischial tuberosity.
29. Does any other muscle arise
from the ischial tuberosity?
29. Yes, the hamstring part of the adductor magnus.
30. What nerve supplies the
hamstring muscles?
30. The tibial division of the sciatic.
31. What nerve supplies the
hamstring part of the adductor
magnus?
31. The tibial division of the sciatic.
32. What nerve supplies the short
head of the biceps femoris?
32. The common fibular nerve.
33. What is the blood supply of the
hamstring muscles?
33. Perforating branches of the profunda femoris
artery.
34. What is the cruciate anastomosis?
34. The cruciate anastomosis is the anastomosis
formed between the inferior gluteal, first
perforating branch of the profunda femoris, and the
medial and lateral femoral circumflex arteries.
35. What are the boundaries of the
popliteal fossa?
35. Superiorly
Medial - Semimembranosus and
semitendinosus
Lateral - Biceps femoris
Inferiorly
Medial - Medial head of gastrocnemius
Lateral - Lateral head of gastrocnemius
36. What are the roof and the floor
of the popliteal fossa?
36. Roof – popliteal fascia covered by tela
subcutanea and skin
Floor – popliteal surface of the femur
Dissection 35, Gluteal Region, Thigh, Hip Joint
37. List the contents of the
popliteal fossa.
Page 8
37. Popliteal vessels:
Popliteal vein
Small saphenous vein
Popliteal artery
Popliteal lymph vessels
Nerves:
Tibial nerve
Common fibular nerve
Termination of the posterior femoral cutaneous
nerve
Articular branch of obturator nerve
Popliteal lymph nodes
38. What is the relationship of the
tibial nerve and the popliteal
artery and vein?
38. From superficial to deep:
tibial nerve, popliteal vein, popliteal artery.
39. Name the bones that form
the hip joint.
39. Ilium, ischium, pubis, and the femur.
40. What is the acetabular labrum?
40. The acetabular labrum is a fibrocartilaginous lip
attached to the bony rim of the acetabulum and to
the transverse acetabular ligament.
41. Does the articular capsule of the
hip joint extend further distally
on the anterior or the posterior
surface of the femur?
41. On the anterior surface where it reaches the
intertrochanteric line. Posteriorly it is attached to
the neck of the femur about a centimeter proximal
to the intertrochanteric crest.
42. Name the intrinsic ligaments of
the capsule of the hip joint.
42. The iliofemoral ligament, the pubofemoral
ligament, ischiofemoral ligament, and the ligament
of the head of the femur.
43. Which is the strongest of these
ligaments?
43. The iliofemoral ligament is one of the two
strongest ligaments in the body. (The other is the
interosseous sacroiliac ligament.)
44. Is the ligament of the head of the
femur within the hip joint?
44. Yes, it is within the joint and is surrounded by
synovial membrane.
45. Is the ligament of the head of
the femur within the synovial
cavity of the hip joint?
45. No. Since the synovial membrane surrounds the
ligament, it is excluded from the synovial cavity. It
is intracapsular but extrasynovial.
Dissection 35, Gluteal Region, Thigh, Hip Joint
Page 9
46. Describe the blood supply to
the hip joint.
46. The medial and lateral femoral circumflex arteries
give small twigs to the distal part of the capsule.
The acetabular branch of the obturator supplies the
tissue of the acetabular fossa as well as supplying
the head of the femur through its branch along the
ligament of the head. The superior and inferior
gluteal arteries supply the upper and lower portions
of the acetabulum and adjacent parts of the
capsule.
47. How is the head of the femur
supplied with blood?
47. The head is supplied primarily by retinacular
branches of the medial femoral circumflex artery
(and to a lesser degree from the lateral femoral
circumflex). In about 80% of individuals an artery
to the head travels along the ligament of the head
of the femur and anastomoses with these
retinacular branches which travel along the neck.
See G5.41.
48. What type of fracture of the
femur is most likely to interrupt
the blood supply to the head of
the femur?
48. Since the retinacular arteries run upward along the
neck from the level of the attachment of the
articular capsule, they are likely to be interrupted
by an intracapsular fracture of the neck of the
femur.
This may leave the head with no blood supply
other than the artery of the ligament of the head,
which is not always present, and may result in
necrosis.
What happens if the blood supply
to the head of the femur is lost?
49. Describe the nerve supply
to the hip joint.
49. The hip joint is supplied with pain fibers derived
from the femoral nerve, the obturator nerve, the
sciatic (via the nerve to the quadratus femoris
muscle) and the superior gluteal.
50. Where is referred pain from
the hip commonly experienced?
50. Pain from the hip is commonly referred to the
knee.
51.
51. The hip joint and the knee joint have a common
innervation from the obturator nerve, and this is
thought to be responsible for the referral of pain
from the hip to the knee.
What is the usual explanation
given for this referral of pain
to the knee?
52. What structures check extension
at the hip joint?
52. Iliofemoral ligament and iliopsoas muscle.
53. What checks flexion at the hip joint?
53. Thigh and trunk come together.
54. What part of the neck of the
femur has a greater extent within
the hip capsule?
54. Anterior part
Dissection 35, Gluteal Region, Thigh, Hip Joint
Page 10
55. Where is the anatomical neck
of the femur?
55. Through the head.
56. What is the name of the folds
of synovial membrane around
the capsular arteries as they
enter the hip joint?
56. Synovial retinacula
57. What developmental structure
is related to the anatomical neck
of the femur?
57. Epiphysial line
58. Is the epiphysial line within or
without the hip joint capsule?
58. Within
59. Does this have any clinical
significance?
59. Yes. An infection in the shaft can spread to the
joint more easily.
60. Are the capsule and epiphysis so
related in all joints?
60. No
61
61. Angle between the neck and shaft of the femur,
averages about 126 .
What is the "angle of inclination"?
62. What is an abnormal deviation
of this angle called?
62. Coxa vara (bent hip). [vara-decreased angle,
valga-increased angle]
63. Is there any other angular deviation?
63. Yes, the head and neck of the femur project
anteriorly at an angle of about 14 .
64. Name a congenital (and hereditary)
defect of the hip more prevalent in
girls than in boys.
64. Congenital dislocation of the hip.
65. How can infections of the vertebral
column, as for example tuberculosis,
be transmitted to the hip joint?
65. Through the fascia of the psoas major muscle.
Infections in the vertebrae to which the psoas
attaches can travel within the sheath of the muscle
to become apparent in the groin. They can also
rupture into the bursa between the psoas tendon
and the anterior capsule of the joint, which is often
very thin at this point, and then penetrate the joint
cavity.
Dissection 35, Gluteal Region, Thigh, Hip Joint
66. Identify the nerves supplying the
regions of skin indicated by the
pointers. (Posterior view of right thigh)
66. A.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Page 11
Middle cluneals
B.
Superior cluneals
C.
Inferior cluneals
D.
Femoral
E.
Posterior femoral cutaneous
F.
Lateral femoral cutaneous
G.
Obturator
E.
F.
G.
LJ:bh
revised 0 6/19/09