U.S. History
Mr. Boothby
10/22/2015
Target
Chapter 14: Forging the National Economy PT II
Textiles/ Samuel Slater/ Industrialization/ MILL SYSTEMS!
Reaction (1 full page minimum): GET READY!
Reaction: Discuss with 1 partner WHY DID THEY DO IT?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oHu-EKa4VfA
Workers!
There was a switch in the 1840’s to Mills that Factory Owner!
exclusively hired SINGLE YOUNG FEMALES!
Why do you think this might have been
advantageous for Mill Owners? BE SERIOUS!
Silently Read Pages 298-318
***KEY***A group of British inventors perfected machines for the mass production of
textiles beginning in about 1750. America, however, was slow in embracing machine, but
why? First, land was cheap in America, labor was scarce and it was hard to find people to
work the machines. Second, there was difficulty with competing with Europe.
(NUMBER 1-4 NEED TO BE APPROX 1 PAGE MINIMUM!)
1) How did the Industrial Revolution begin in its “infancy”? What is Slater
best known for?
2) Why did textile mills/factories slowly spread and what caused them to
“explode”?
3) What was factory life like and how does it compare to our workers today?
4) What were the two main types of mills and why were mills composed of
only single females easier to manage? How could there be a cycle of debt?
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5) What were the major improvements in transportation and technology that
took place during this period? KNOW John Deere, The Lancaster Turnpike,
ERIE CANAL & RAILROADS ARE KEYS
EVERYTHING IS DUE TODAY!
YOU MUST READ CH 15 ALL TONIGHT
+ HANDOUT = FUN FRIDAY
Escape?
1)How did the Industrial Revolution begin in its “infancy”? What is Slater
best known for? Samuel Slater, a skilled British mechanic, came to America
after having memorized the plans for machinery and was able to recreate the
machine. With the help of Eli Whitney and his invention of the cotton gin,
which was 50 times more effective than the handpicking process. Factories
began to flourish, starting in New England, which was favored as an
industrial center.
2)Why did textile mills/factories slowly spread and what causued them to
“explode”?
Factories spread slowly until about 1807, then the embargo and the War of
1812 began. "Buy American" and "Wear American" became popular
slogans, but the boomlet broke abruptly after the peace of Ghent in 1815.
Congress provided mild relief with the protective Tariff of 1816. Whitney's
genius struck again when he came up with the principle of interchangeable
parts. The sewing machine was invented by Elias Howe in 1846 and perfected
by Isaac Singer. Samuel F. B. Morse's telegraph was the most important
technological invention so far.
3)What was factory life like and how does compare to today’s workers?
Life was difficult for factory workers. Hours were long, wages were low, and
meals were small, and lived in poor conditions. Especially exploited were the
child workers. In the 1830s and 40s multiple strikes were started by workers.
Some demanded higher wages, some a 10-hour day, some for random
requests such as being able to smoke at work. The improvements that were
coming were crushed by the depression if 1837. The case of Commonwealth
v. Hunt ruled that labor unions were not illegal conspiracies, as long as their
methods were "honorable and peaceful."
4)What were the two main types of mills and why were mills composed of
only single females easier to manage? Slater system=MIX Lowell=Only
young single Women; Women were also brought into the mechanism of
factory production. They also worked long days in grueling conditions and
were always being watched. Factory jobs were still unusual for women,
however/ Lowell Mills came later! Married women were enshrined in a cult
of domesticity, giving women immense moral power. Over this time period.
families grew closer together and smaller, and the fertility rate was
decreasing, which also developed the "domestic feminism." By midcentury,
the outlines of the "modern" family were clear. APUSH PUSHES THIS AS
SEXISM and forcing women to run the family this is PART OF THE
APUSH AGENDA= YOU WILL SEE THIS IN THE TEST…APUSH
BELIEVES…
Women should be President, should work, and it’s a 50/50 empowered world.
Whether you agree or not is not the issue…PREPING YOU FOR THE
EXAM IS!
5) What were the major improvements in transportation and technology that
took place during this period? KNOW John Deere, The Lancaster Turnpike,
ERIE CANAL & RAILROADS ARE KEYS!!!
The trans-Allegheny region was becoming the nation's breadbasket. Corn
was grown plentifully and hogs were numerous in Cincinnati. To solve the
problem of the thickly matted soil, John Deere invented the steel plow that
would break the stubborn soil. Cyrus McCormick contributed the most
important contraption: a mechanical mower-reaper.
The Lancaster Turnpike was the first sign of improving transportation in the
1790s. Westerners triumphed in 1811 with the construction of Cumberland
Road. The steamboat craze was started by the engineer Robert Fulton, he
had changed America's navigable streams into two-way arteries. Steamboats
played vital roles in the opening of the West and South.
A canal-cutting craze also occurred along with the turnpikes and steamboats.
The Erie Canal was a grand accomplishment, stretching 363 miles from
Buffalo, to the Hudson River and on the New York Harbor. Economic
ripples followed this construction; the value of the land skyrocketed,
thousands of Europeans were attracted, and interior waterside villages
became mighty cities.
The most significant contribution to the development of the economy was the
railroad. It was fast, reliable, cheaper to construct, defied weather, and could
go almost anywhere. Despite issues and safety precautions the railroad had,
eventually they became standardized and even more appealing to the people.
SLATER:
FAMILES, MEN,
WOMEN + CHILDREN
LOWELL:
VS
SINGLE, YOUNGLADIES ONLY!
Write out your own analysis in a ½ page reaction.
WHY-HOW-WHAT-WHO-CAUSE? AFFECT?
This Historic Slave Ship/Freedom Case in 1840 was a Trigger leading to…
CIVIL WAR!
IT ALL STARTS TOMORROW IN APUSH!