CHEMISTRY CHAPTER 1 PRACTICE TEST
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1. Identify the activity that belongs in the field of chemistry.
a. developing medicines
c. production of new plastic
b. analysis of a compound
d. all of the above
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2. Which of these chemicals is definitely inorganic?
a. one that is made of carbon and hydrogen
b. one that is made of nitrogen and carbon
c. one that is made of nitrogen and hydrogen
d. one that is made of carbon and oxygen
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3. Which of the following is not a step for solving a numeric word problem?
a. calculate
c. analyze
b. conclude
d. evaluate
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4. Identify the false statement.
a. Chemistry plays an important role in efforts to increase the world’s food supply and to
protect crops.
b. Biodiesel is a fossil fuel.
c. Potato plants with a jellyfish gene will glow when they need to be watered.
d. Chemists are working to develop more pest-resistant and disease-resistant plants.
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5. A hypothesis is
a. an observation recorded from an experiment.
b. a proposed explanation for what is observed.
c. a summary of the results of many experiments.
d. a well-tested explanation for many observations.
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6. Which of the following is not part of the scientific method?
a. experimenting
c. proving
b. observing
d. hypothesizing
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7. Identify the false statement.
a. A scientific law fully explains a set of observations.
b. The scientific method is a logical, systematic approach to the solution of a problem.
c. For the results of an experiment to be accepted, the experiment must produce the same
results no matter how many times it is repeated.
d. The scientific method is repeated until a hypothesis either fits all the observed
experimental results or the hypothesis is discarded (or modified).
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CHEMISTRY CHAPTER 1 PRACTICE TEST
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8. Which of these steps of the scientific method involves stating a relationship but not
proposing an explanation for the relationship?
a. observation
c. theory
b. scientific law
d. hypothesis
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9. Which of the following tasks would probably not be assigned to an analytical chemistr?
a. Determine the amount of copper in a sample.
b. Determine the amount of lead in a blood sample.
c. Determine the least expensive method to produce nylon.
d. Determine the amount of pollutants in a local lake.
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10. Which of the following would most likely be an organic substance?
a. a chemical containing oxygen
c. a chemical containing carbon
b. a chemical containing hydrogen
d. a chemical containing nitrogen
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11. A biochemist might:
a. determine the amount of energy released when a fossil fuel burns.
b. design a method to speed up the production of a metal from its ore.
c. identify the genes that control the production of insulin.
d. determine how much table salt will dissolve in a liter of water.
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12. Select the group of materials that were not developed by chemists.
a. nylon, silk, cotton
c. wool, silk, nylon
b. cotton, silk, wool
d. cotton, nylon, wool
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13. Because the worldwide demand for energy is growing, chemists are working to
a. find new sources of energy.
b. develop new ways of conserving energy.
c. develop new batteries for electric cars.
d. all of the above.
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14. Which is true about the following experimental question, “How does caffeine dosage
affect heart rate in humans?”
a. Both heart rate and caffeine dosage are controlled variables.
b. The manipulated variable is caffeine dosage and the responding variable is heart rate.
c. The control set up would be those individuals receiving varying amounts of caffeine.
c. The statement is a scientific law.
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CHEMISTRY CHAPTER 1 PRACTICE TEST
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15. Identify the false statement.
a. Some moon rocks formed from volcanic material.
b. Analysis of sunlight indicates the presence of oxygen on the sun’s surface.
c. A robotic vehicle delivered to the surface of Mars analyzed and determined the
chemical composition of Mars rocks.
d. The composition of rocks and soil indicates that large amount of water once existed
on the surface of Mars.
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16. A well-tested explanation for a broad set of observations is
a. a hypothesis.
c. a theory.
b. an experiment .
d. a scientific law.
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17. To which of the following might a hypothesis be elevated after repeated
experimentation?
a. inference
c. theory
b. scientific law
d. experiment
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18. Your friend makes the statement that “Water boils at a higher temperature than
Ethanol.” How would you classify this statement?
a. observation
c. theory
b. scientific law
d. experiment
19. Solve the following problem using the technique of dimensional analysis (cancellation method).
Show your work.
A mother wants to give her child some liquid Tylenol for a fever. The directions say to give
15 mL of Tylenol. The mother has only a teaspoon to measure with. Given that 5 mL = 1
teaspoon, how many teaspoons of Tylenol should the mother give her child.
20. Define chemistry:
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CHEMISTRY CHAPTER 1 PRACTICE TEST
21. List the major steps of the scientific method and describe each briefly.
22. List the five traditional branches of chemistry and explain what each involves.
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CHEMISTRY CHAPTER 1 PRACTICE TEST
23. You notice that a lawn looks unhealthy and that, perhaps, the grass is dying. Undertake a scientific
project to save the lawn.
a. What is your initial hypothesis, and what experiments can you design to test it?
b. Often in science you must try several ideas before you find a solution to a problem. Suppose your
hypothesis in part a is incorrect. Propose an alternative hypothesis. Design a new experiment to test
this hypothesis.
24. You perform an experiment and get unexpected results. According to the scientific method, what
should you do next?
25. A student is planning a science fair project called “Does Temperature Affect How High a Basketball
Can Bounce?”
a. Based on the project title, identify the manipulated variable and the responding variable.
b. Name at least two factors that would need to be kept constant during the experiment.
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CHEMISTRY CHAPTER 1 PRACTICE TEST
Answers:
1.
D
2.
C
3.
B
4.
B
5.
B
6.
C
7.
A
8.
B
9.
C
10. C
11. C
12. B
13. D
14. B
15. B
16. C
17. C
18. A
19.
Known: 15 mL of Children’s Tylenol
Equality: 5 mL = 1 teaspoon (tsp)
15 mL
1 tsp
X
= 3 tsp
1
5 mL
20.
Chemistry is the study of the composition of matter and the changes matter undergoes.
21.
a) Making Observations: Use your senses to obtain information directly.
b) Testing Hypotheses: A hypothesis is a proposed explanation for what you observed.
Experiments are done to test a hypothesis.
c) Developing Theories: A Theory is a well-tested explanation for a broad set of observations.
A hypothesis may become a theory after repeated experimentation.
22.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Organic chemistry is the study of essentially all chemicals containing carbon.
Inorganic chemistry is the study of essentially all chemicals that do not contain carbon.
Analytical chemistry is concerned with the composition of chemistry.
Physical chemistry is concerned with mechanisms, rates, and energy transfer when matter
undergoes a change.
e) Biochemistry is the study of processes that take place in organisms.
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CHEMISTRY CHAPTER 1 PRACTICE TEST
23.
a) Hypothesis: The lawn needs water.
Experiment: Water the lawn every day for one week.
b) Hypothesis: The lawn needs fertilizer.
Experiment: Fertilize the lawn as prescribed.
24. Repeat the experiment. If you get the same results, you must propose a new hypothesis.
25. a. The manipulated variable is the temperature of the basketball. The responding variable is the
height of the basketball’s bounce.
b. Examples of controlled variables would be
1) the method for releasing the basketball
2) using the same basketball for each drop
3) the height at which the basketball was dropped
4) the method for measuring the height of the bounce
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