Back Print Name Class Date Skills Worksheet Concept Mapping Using the terms and phrases provided below, complete the concept map showing the characteristics of organic compounds. carbohydrates lipids phospholipids DNA monosaccharides polysaccharides enzymes nucleic acids proteins fats nucleotides RNA Organic compounds include 1. 2. 3. which include 4. which are made of 5. amino acids which are made of which include 6. and include 9. disaccharides 7. 10. 8. and include 11. 12. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Holt Biology 23 Chemistry of Life Back Print TEACHER RESOURCE PAGE 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Critical Thinking water and soap molecules and becomes separated from the dirt. The dirt is released and can be rinsed away. The oil molecules can also be rinsed away. The hydrogen bonds between water molecules cause surface tension. This prevents the surface of the water from stretching or breaking easily. The needle is light enough that it does not overcome the surface tension. The polar ends of the soap molecules point downward in the water because of their attraction to the polar water molecules. The nonpolar ends point upward and disrupt the surface of the water. This disruption frees water molecules to adhere to the needle, which becomes wet and sinks. pepsin trypsin Something must be added to the liquid to raise its pH close to 7 so trypsin can be activated. Enzymes typically function within a range of pH values, although enzymes are most efficient at a specific pH. Yes, both pepsin and trypsin can function in a liquid with a pH value between 4 and 5, but neither enzyme will function optimally. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. b d a g, b i, a h, d j, e l, k f, c d c b d a Test Prep Pretest 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. Concept Mapping 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. b d a f c e d a f b e c e c carbohydrates lipids proteins nucleic acids fats or phospholipids phospholipids or fats monosaccharides or disaccharides disaccharides or monosaccharides enzymes nucleotides DNA, RNA RNA, DNA b a a d c c e a d b polar, nonpolar hydrogen, covalent ion acid, base carbohydrates nucleic acids sodium chloride, products catalyst active site pH A—carbohydrate; B—lipid; C—protein Carbohydrates such as the monosaccharide glucose shown here are found in cells as a source of energy (glucose), as energy storage molecules (glycogen and starch), or as structural molecules (cellulose). Lipids such as the fatty acids shown here are found in cells as energy storage molecules (fats) or in cell membranes as structural molecules (phospholipids). Proteins are found in cells as enzymes and hemoglobin, as structural proteins in the body (collagen, hair, muscles), or in blood as part of blood clot fibers. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Holt Biology 84 Chemistry of Life