The Energy and Utilities Sector
Energy & Utility Skills is the Sector Skills Council for the Energy and Utilities Sector
Contents
UK, England and English Regions
1. The Energy & Utility Sector
2. Electricity
3. Gas
4. Waste Management
5. Water
1. The Energy & Utility Sector
1.1 Sector information – a brief description of what the sector covers at UK level
The energy and utility sector covers the following broad industries of the UK economy:
 Electricity
Including the generation, transmission, regional distribution and metering aspects
of the industry
 Gas
Including the distribution of gas through the mains and the fitting/maintenance of
gas equipment within the customers’ property
 Waste Management
Including the collection, transport, treatment and final management of waste and
recyclables
 Water
Including the supply of clean water to customers and the collection and treatment
of waste water
The number of people employed across the sector and in each industry is shown in the table
below:
UK
England
Electricity
77,500
56,000
Gas (Transmission & Distribution)
22,000
18,500
Gas (Utilisation)
123,700
105,800
Waste Management
141,000
110,000
Water
166,500
139,500
Total
530,700
429,800
Source: Energy & Utility Skills’ Labour Market Investigations of Electricity (2004), Water (2004) and Waste
Management (2006), Annual Business Inquiry (2004) and Census of Population (2001).
NOTE: The totals of some rows and columns may not add up to 100% due to rounding.
* Denotes numbers are suppressed to maintain confidentiality.
Examples of occupations at each level which are relevant to the energy and utility sector are:
1. Managers and Senior Officials – e.g. production managers, functional managers,
etc. These provide strategic direction and co-ordination to the business and/or are
responsible for operate of specific functions. Significant knowledge and experience is
needed.
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2. Professionals – e.g. chemists, biochemists, physicists, civil engineers, mechanical
engineers, electrical engineers, chemical engineers, design engineers, Waste
Managers etc. These employees are highly skilled (degree or equivalent) in a
particular field of expertise and often apply extensive theoretical knowledge.
3. Associate Professionals and Technical – e.g. electrical technicians, engineering
technicians, building and civil engineering technicians, draughtspersons, etc. These
roles require experience and knowledge of principles and practices necessary to
assume operational responsibility and to give technical support to Professionals and
Managers and Senior Officials.
4. Administrative and Secretarial – e.g. secretaries, receptionists, credit controllers,
book-keepers, stock control clerks, telephonists, etc. A good standard of general
education is required, while certain occupations require further additional vocational
training or professional occupations to a well-defined standard.
5. Skilled Trades – e.g. welders, pipe fitters, tool makers, production and maintenance
fitters, electrical fitters, telecomms engineers, lines repairers and cable jointers,
plumbers, vehicle technicians etc. These roles involve performing complex physical
duties that normally require a degree of initiative, manual dexterity and other practical
skills. The main tasks of these occupations require experience with, and
understanding of, the work situation, the materials worked with and the requirements
of the structures, machinery and other items produced. Most occupations in this
major group have a level of skill commensurate with a substantial period of training,
often provided by means of work-based training programme.
6. Personal Service – involves the provision of a service to customers, whether in a
public protective or personal care capacity. There are no occupations in this group
which are relevant to the energy and utility sector.
7. Sales and Customer Service – e.g. telephone salespersons, call centre operators,
customer care occupations, etc. These occupations require the knowledge and
experience necessary to sell goods and services, accept payment in respect of sales,
and provide information to potential clients and additional services to customers after
the point of sale.
8. Process, Plant and Machine Operatives – e.g. energy plant operatives, substation
attendant, water and sewage plant operatives, sewerman, turncock, riggers, HGV/
lorry/ tanker drivers, mobile machine drivers, refuse collection vehicle drivers, mobile
plant operators etc. These roles require the knowledge and experience necessary to
operate and monitor industrial plant and equipment and to drive and assist in the
operation of various transport vehicles and other mobile machinery. Most occupations
in this group do not specify that a particular standard of education should have been
achieved but will usually have an associated period of formal experience related
training. Some occupations require licences issued by statutory or professional
bodies.
9. Elementary – e.g. labourers, recycling operative, refuse collector, etc. These
occupations require the knowledge and experience necessary to perform mostly
routine tasks, often involving the use of simple hand-held tools and, in some cases,
requiring a degree of physical effort. Most do not require formal educational
qualifications but will usually have an associated short period of formal experiencerelated training.
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2. Power (industry formerly referred to as Electricity)
2.1 A brief description of what the sub-sector covers at UK level
The power industry covers the activities associated with the production, transmission and
distribution of electricity. Essentially, the industry starts at the point of production and ends at
(and including) the meter on the customers’ property. The means of production and the fuel
used to generate electricity can vary – whether generated by conventional methods (e.g. gasfired power stations) or by renewable resources (e.g. wind or wave power).
Activities which are undertaken prior to production (e.g. raw materials extraction, manufacture
of plant and equipment, etc.) or take place past the meter (i.e. inside of the customers’
property) lie outside of the industry’s remit.

Production of electricity
Operation of generation facilities that produce electricity from gas, coal-fired and
hydroelectric power stations and various renewable sources.
The operation of nuclear power stations is outside of our remit and is the
responsibility of Cogent SSC. However, there will be some overlap between the
occupations employed in nuclear power stations and those employed in other
areas of electricity generation, particularly in terms of connecting to the national
grid.


Transmission of electricity
The operation of high voltage transmission networks that convey electricity from
the generation facility to the distribution networks. This is primarily the operation
and maintenance of the national grid network.
Distribution and trade of electricity (SIC 40.13)
The operation of regional distribution networks that convey electricity from the
high voltage transmission network to the consumer. Also included is the retail
sale of electricity to the customer, otherwise known as “supply”.
The number of people employed across the sector and in each industry is shown in the table
below:
Electricity
Generation
Distribution and Transmission
Supply
Corporate Functions
Estimated Additional Self-Employed
UK
77,500
18,000
28,500
21,500
6,500
3,000
England
56,000
13,500
20,500
15,500
4,500
2,000
Source: Energy & Utility Skills Labour Market Investigation of the UK Electricity Industry, 2004
NOTE: The totals of some rows and columns may not add up to 100% due to rounding.
* Denotes numbers are suppressed to maintain confidentiality.
2.2 Information on careers available and new emerging jobs, transferability of skills
career paths and opportunities for progression
There are careers in two specific areas of electricity:
 Generation – the operation and maintenance of power station apparatus
 Distribution & Transmission – the installation and maintenance of the network
that supplies electricity from power stations to homes, industry and businesses.
Jobs available in the Generation Sector include:
 Control and Instrumentation Engineer
 Operations Technician
 Maintenance Technician
 Electrical Engineer
 Supervisor
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Jobs in the Transmission and Distribution Sector include:

Overhead Line Worker

Cable Jointer

Electrical Fitter

Electrical Engineer

Supervisor
Jobs in the Supply Sector include:
 Meter Operative
 Meter Technician
 Supervisor
Many of the jobs in the electricity industry are highly skilled and in demand in a wide
range of engineering, science and technology based industries. There is an increasing
need for skilled people to work in UK engineering and technology businesses, so that the
UK can compete successfully in the world economy.
A handout is available outlining pathways, progression etc and can be found by following
the link: http://www.euskills.co.uk/download.php?id=498
2.3 Information on pay scales in the sector
Starting salaries for young people and graduates entering the electricity industry range
from £16,000 to £25,000. Upon completion of training these salaries can increase to
between £26,000 and £40,000, depending upon the occupation.
Average basic salaries (excluding overtime and bonuses) for a selection of occupations
found in the electricity industry include:
Electrical Engineer
£42,000
Civil Engineer
£38,000
Design Engineer
£37,000
Mechanical Engineer
£35,000
Overhead Linesworker
£33,000
Electrical/Engineering Technician
£30,000
Cable Jointer
£24,000
Meter Fixer
£21,000
Salaries can vary between employers and locations within the UK.
2.4 Information on entry requirements, application processes (e.g. Apprenticeships)
The best way to start a career is to apply directly to an employer and secure employment or
work experience with them. This can be supplemented with training such as an S/NVQ or
college based qualifications that could lead to a nationally recognised qualification.
An apprenticeship in the industry is a great opportunity to achieve a recognised qualification,
gain experience and develop transferable skills.
Details of Apprenticeships in the Sector can be found at the following link:
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=204
It is worth noting that National Vocational Qualifications (NVQs) will not be required as part of
Apprenticeships from August 2010. For additional information on Apprenticeships please
contact Helen White, Apprenticeship Manager on 0845 0777034 or
helen.white@euskills.co.uk
Additional information may be found at the following link:
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=211
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2.5 Qualifications
Summary of Electricity Qualifications available
Title of Qualification
Summary of Qualification
CABWI Level 2
This qualification has been designed for those working
Utilities Control
in Utilities Control Centre Operations. To achieve the
Centre Operations
award candidates must complete three mandatory
units which cover co-ordinate communications for
operational activities on utility networks and assets;
contribute to the handling of incidents and resources;
and contribute to an effective and safe working
environment. Candidates must also complete one
optional unit from each of the optional groups.
Link
http://www.accreditedqual
ifications.org.uk/qualificati
on/10015917.seo.aspx
CABWI Level 2 in
Utilities Metering
Operations
This qualification is designed for those working in
Utilities Metering Operations. Candidates are required
to complete two mandatory units which cover: ensure
your own actions reduce risks to health and safety:
and solve problems for customers. Candidates must
also complete three optional units from two optional
groups, one of which must be taken from Group B1.
Group B1 contains units which cover: carry out meter
reading activities; remove install and commission
meters; and conduct metering surveys. Group B2
contains units which include: rectify minor metering
installation defects; and conduct ancillary operations
for metering purposes.
http://www.accreditedqual
ifications.org.uk/qualificati
on/Q1053270.seo.aspx
CABWI Level 4 in
Utilities Network
Planning and
Management
This qualification has been designed for those working
in Utilities Network Planning and Management,
seeking to minimise the performance of utilities
networks. To achieve the award candidates must
complete six mandatory units which include develop a
strategy for operating, maintaining and developing the
utility network and assets; evaluate and determine
options for operating, maintaining and developing the
utility network and assets; plan and implement
operational, maintenance and development activities
on the utility network and assets. Candidates must
also complete one unit from each of the two optional
groups.
http://www.accreditedqual
ifications.org.uk/qualificati
on/1002301X.seo.aspx
City & Guilds Level 2
Electricity System
Technology
Engineering Support
This qualification has been designed for those working
in Engineering System Technology Engineering
Support. To achieve the award candidates must
complete six mandatory units which cover contribute
to effective working relationships; develop yourself in
the work role; implement safe access systems;
minimise risks to life, property and the environment;
prepare the work area for distribution and
transmission engineering activities; and prepare the
work area for distribution and transmission
engineering activities. Candidates must also complete
a minimum of eleven optional units from four optional
groups.
http://www.accreditedqual
ifications.org.uk/qualificati
on/10029564.seo.aspx
5
City & Guilds Level 2
Engineering
Technology
Maintenance Support
This qualification has been designed for those working
in Engineering Technology Maintenance Support. To
achieve the award candidates must complete two
mandatory units which cover the contribution to
effective working relationships; and the preparation
and reinstatement of the work area after engineering
activities. Candidates must also complete one unit
from the first optional group, and two units from the
second optional group.
http://www.accreditedqual
ifications.org.uk/qualificati
on/10029576.seo.aspx
City & Guilds Level 2
NVQ in Engineering
Technology
Operations Support
The qualification aims to assess learners against
operating complex systems within the electricity
generation process. The qualification enforces safety
aspects of the job as well as various types of systems
to allow for breadth.
http://www.accreditedqual
ifications.org.uk/qualificati
on/Q1054408.seo.aspx
City & Guilds Level 3
NVQ in Electrical
System Technical
Engineering
This qualification has been designed for those working
in Engineering System Technology Engineering. To
achieve the award candidates must complete four
mandatory units which cover contribute to effective
working relationships; develop yourself in the work
role; implement safe access systems; and inimize
risks to life, property and the environment. Candidates
must also complete a minimum of eleven optional
units from three optional groups. Candidates may
complete a maximum of ten units from the third
optional group.
http://www.accreditedqual
ifications.org.uk/qualificati
on/10029552.seo.aspx
City & Guilds Level 3
NVQ IN Engineering
Technology
Maintenance
This qualification has been designed for those working
in Engineering Technology Maintenance Support. To
achieve the award candidates must complete three
mandatory units which cover contribute to effective
working relationships; develop yourself in the work
role; and implement safe access systems for
generation maintenance. Candidates must also
complete two units from the first optional group, and at
least four units from the second optional group.
http://www.accreditedqual
ifications.org.uk/qualificati
on/10029588.seo.aspx
City & Guilds Level 3
in Engineering
Technology
Operations
This qualification is designed to provide suitable
training and knowledge to enable learners to take up a
position within the Electricity Generation and Supply
industry.
http://www.accreditedqual
ifications.org.uk/qualificati
on/Q1054409.seo.aspx
City & Guilds Level 3
NVQ in Revenue
Protection
This qualification has been designed for those working
in Revenue Protection. To achieve the award
candidates must complete three mandatory units
which cover information on Revenue theft to other
parties; respond to revenue loss on an account; and
contribute to the effectiveness of investigation teams.
Candidates must also complete four optional units
from six, including access to and analysis of data to
assess revenue lost through illegal use of supplies;
collation and presentation of evidence for use in
formal proceedings; gathering and storing evidence of
revenue theft.
http://www.accreditedqual
ifications.org.uk/qualificati
on/10029527.seo.aspx
City & Guilds Level 3
Certificate in
Electrical Technology
Engineering
This award is aimed at candidates who are following
Advanced/Foundation Modern Apprenticeship
programmes, require evidence towards the
underpinning knowledge of the N/SVQ.
http://www.accreditedqual
ifications.org.uk/qualificati
on/10031984.seo.aspx
6
Edexcel Level 3
BTEC National
Award in Engineering
The Award is designed to meet the needs of multi-role
engineering technicians and equip them with the
skills, knowledge and understanding required for
success in a range of engineering occupations. These
include the design, manufacture, installation and
maintenance of engineering equipment and systems
and provides progression to BTEC Higher Nationals
or to undergraduate degree qualifications in
engineering.
http://www.accreditedqual
ifications.org.uk/qualificati
on/50017615.seo.aspx
Edexcel Level 3
BTEC in National
Certificate in
Electrical/Electronic
Engineering
The BTEC National Certificate in Electrical/Electronic
Engineering is designed to equip individuals with the
practical skills, knowledge and understanding required
for success in a range of electrical and electronic
occupations. These include the design, installation,
operation and maintenance of complex
electrical/electronic engineering products and
systems. The qualification also enables progression to
BTEC Higher Nationals or undergraduate degree
qualifications and professional occupations in
electrical/electronic engineering and related fields.
http://www.accreditedqual
ifications.org.uk/qualificati
on/50016313.seo.aspx
Edexcel Level 3
BTEC National
Certificate in
Engineering
The qualification is designed to meet the needs of
dual-skilled technicians with the practical skills,
knowledge and understanding required for success in
a range of mechanical and engineering occupations. It
will allow progression to BTEC Higher Nationals or to
undergraduate degree qualifications and professional
occupations in engineering.
http://www.accreditedqual
ifications.org.uk/qualificati
on/50017603.seo.aspx
Edexcel Level 3
BTEC National
Certificate in
Operations and
Maintenance
Engineering
The BTEC National Certificate Operations and
Maintenance Engineering is designed to equip
individuals with the practical skills, knowledge and
understanding required for success in a range of
operations and maintenance occupations. These
include the installation, operation and maintenance of
complex engineering systems and plant currently
used throughout the engineering industries. The
qualifications also enable progression to BTEC Higher
Nationals or undergraduate degree qualifications and
professional occupations in plant and process
engineering and related fields.
http://www.accreditedqual
ifications.org.uk/qualificati
on/50015564.seo.aspx
Edexcel Level 3
BTEC National
Diploma in Electrical /
Electronic
Engineering
The BTEC National Diploma in Electrical/Electronic
Engineering is designed to equip individuals with the
practical skills, knowledge and understanding required
for success in range of electrical and electronic
occupations. These include the design, installation,
operation and maintenance of complex
electrical/electronic engineering products and
systems. The qualification also enables progression to
BTEC Higher Nationals or undergraduate degree
qualifications and professional occupations in
electrical/electronic engineering and related fields.
http://www.accreditedqual
ifications.org.uk/qualificati
on/50016325.seo.aspx
Edexcel Level 3 in
BTEC National
Diploma in
Engineering
This is designed to meet the needs of dual-skilled
engineering technicians and equip individuals with the
practical skills, knowledge and understanding required
for success in a range of mechanical and electronic /
electronic engineering occupations.
http://www.accreditedqual
ifications.org.uk/qualificati
on/50017494.seo.aspx
7
Energy & Utility Skills are also currently involved in the development of Diplomas.
A Diploma is a new English qualification aiming to provide young people (14-19) with the skills and
knowledge they need to progress into employment, training or further and higher education.
The Diplomas are being introduced in September 2008, and all young people should have access
to them from September 2013. For further details please visit the link below:
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=205
2.6 Data on employment and labour market trends and forecasts
Gender
The figure below shows the proportion of employees who are female within each
occupational group in the electricity industry and compares them to the England average.
Proportion of female employees by occupation (England)
90
80
Percentage of Workforce
70
60
50
England
EU Skills
40
Electricity
Gas (Upstream)
Waste Management
30
Water
20
10
0
Managers &
Senior Officials
Professionals
Associate
Professional &
Technical
Admin &
Secretarial
Skilled Trades
Sales &
Customer
Service
Process, Plant &
Machine
Operatives
Elementary
Occupational Group
Source: Census of Population, 2001.
In general terms, there is a strong gender bias within the electricity industry, with high
concentrations of female workers in administrative and secretarial, sales and customer
service roles. Around 20% of managerial employees are female, compared to around
34% across the UK economy. Females make up 67% of the workforce within the
administrative and secretarial occupations but only 12% of professionals and 27% of
associate professionals.
Within electricity generation companies, it is estimated that just 10% of the workforce are
female.
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Age
The figure below shows the age profile of the workforce currently employed in the
electricity industry in England.
Age Profile of Workforce in the Electricity Industry (England)
35
30
Percentage of Workforce
25
England
20
EU Skills
Electricity
Gas (Upstream)
15
Gas (Downstream)
Waste Management
Water
10
5
0
16-24
25-34
Source: Census of Population, 2001 and CORGI Register.
35-44
45-54
55-64
64+
Age Group
In general terms, the age profile of the electricity industry is similar to that of the whole UK
workforce, although it does employ slightly fewer 16-24 year olds and more 35-54 year
olds. This is likely to be a reflection of the industry’s restriction in terms of under 18 year
olds working on generation, transmission and distribution systems and its desire to recruit
a more experienced and mature individual into, what can be, dangerous roles and
situations.
There is evidence which suggests that in some of the higher-level technical and
engineering occupations there is an issue related to the high number of workers who are
due to retire within the next 10-to-15 years, and for whom replacements may be difficult to
find in sufficient numbers.
The future
Over the next decade the total number of people employed in the electricity industry is
forecast to remain fairly stable. With a number of power stations (fuelled by gas, coal and
nuclear) are coming towards the end of their operational lives, new facilitates will be built
to replace them. Add to this the need to actually increase the amount of electricity
generated to need the future demands of the UK as a whole, the employment prospects
within the industry are bright.
As well as extensive investment in power stations, new workers will need to the recruited
to replace and upgrade the overhead lines transmission and distribution networks. This is
a key element of the future success of the electricity industry, especially as a growing
number of renewable energy plants will need to be connected to these networks – many
of them in remote locations or off-shore.
Forecasts made by Oxford Economics suggest that around 2,000 new workers per year
will be required by the electricity industry between 2008 and 2017 and that 34% of these
will be graduates.
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The occupations where demand for new recruits will be largest include:
 Unit Operator/Controller
(Level 3)
(Generation)
Responsibility for the operation of plant, equipment at ‘unit level’. Controls and
directs resources to configure and operate plant processes, equipment and
instrumentation to sustain and maintain commercial supply.

Cable Jointers
(Level 3)
(Distribution)
Undertake routine cable jointing activities such as repair, replacement and
termination.

Electrical Fitters
(Level 3)
(Distribution)
Carries out activities such as fault investigation, whilst also controlling and
directing resources.

Overhead Linesperson
(Level 3)
(Transmission and
Distribution)
Conducts routine overhead line activities such as condition assessment, fault
repair, maintenance, quality assurance, refurbishment and dismantlement.

Resource Team Leaders
(Level 3)
(Distribution)
Management of day-to-day resources within the infrastructure to enable works to
continue in an effective and efficient manner.

Project Manager/Engineer
(Levels 4&5)
(Distribution)
Delivers complex very high value network/infrastructure projects incorporating the
responsibility for internal resource, quality assurance and a variety of external
factors relating to resource, finance, 3rd parties, regulatory and/or other
considerations.

Meter Fixers1
(Level 3)
(Metering)
Install and change whole current single phase and 3 phase meters.
2.7 Skill shortages
The main skill shortages that exist in the electricity industry at the moment are:
 Cable Jointers/ Overhead Linespersons
 Control and Instrumentation Engineers
 Design Engineers
 Electrical Engineers
 Civil Engineers
 Mechanical Engineers
 Project Managers/ Engineers
Due to the lack of graduates and other suitably skilled people looking for employment
opportunities in the electricity industry and the significant capital investment programmes
that are currently underway and being planned, it is highly unlikely that these skills
shortages will be resolved any time soon.
The shortage of cable jointers and overhead linespersons is particularly severe at the
moment due to (i) the age profile of the existing workforce means that many workers will
retire over the next ten years and (ii) a major renewal programme of the electricity
transmission and distribution network is underway and will last for several years.
1
Install/ change whole current single phase and 3 phase meters.
10
2.8 Information on opportunities for adults changing career direction
GENERATION:
Generation of electricity refers to the operation and maintenance of power station
apparatus. Operators work in gas, oil or coal-fired, nuclear or hydro-electric power
stations or wind farms. They can work directly with the machinery or remotely from a
control room. Their duties include;
 diagnosing faults and resolving them
 maintaining safety procedures and environmental good practice
 handling materials required for the generation system
 carrying out routine testing
 following contingency plans, eg isolating or shutting down a system.
Maintenance crews carry out repairs on mechanical, electrical or control and instrumentation
equipment. They may strip down or rebuild machinery, eg turbines, pumps or transformers, or
remove it to a workshop. At other times, they can install new equipment or replace faulty
wiring and components.
Skills and Interests
To become an electricity generation worker you should;
 have a methodical approach to fault finding
 be able to understand technical drawings and manuals
 have a practical aptitude for mechanical processes
 have a mature and responsible attitude
 be able to work as part of a team and also act on your own initiative
 have good communication skills
 be safety conscious and environmentally aware
Training and Qualifications
You will be trained on the job with some formal instruction in a training centre. S/NVQs
that are available for this area of the industry are:


S/NVQ Engineering Technology Operations Level 1, 2 and 3
S/NVQ Engineering Technology Maintenance Level 2 and 3
TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION:
Electricity distribution workers install and maintain the network that supplies electricity from
power stations to homes, industry and businesses. There are three main occupational areas;
 overhead lines and pylon work
 underground cable work
 substation work.
Transmission and Distribution workers conduct repairs in high and low voltage environments.
Their duties include;
 carrying out preventative maintenance and switching operations
 installing and dismantling equipment, eg transmission cables
 assembling or removing components
 adjusting and configuring electrical systems
 inspecting, testing and diagnosing faults.
Skills and Interests
To be an electricity transmission or distribution worker you should;
 be able to apply yourself practically
 be physically fit
 be patient, mature and responsible
 have a basic knowledge of physics and maths to understand the principles of
electricity transmission and distribution
 have good communication skills
 have the ability to solve problems
11


have the ability to work on your own without supervision
have knowledge of safety regulations.
Training and Qualifications
You will be trained on the job with some formal instruction in a training centre. S/NVQs
available for this area of the industry are:
 S/NVQ Electricity Systems Technology Engineering Level 2 and 3
 S/NVQ Electricity Systems Technology Engineering Level 2 and 3
SUPPLY:
The electricity supply industry refers to the supply, installation, operation and maintenance of
electricity meters. Training is normally done “in house” with an electricity distribution
company.
What do I do next?
Please contact a customer service advisor at Energy & Utility Skills on 0845 077 9922 for
further careers guidance for the electricity industry or visit our website www.euskills.co.uk.
Further Steps:
Contact regional electricity companies or large electrical contractors in your area to secure a
work placement or employment.
Additional information is available on a handout which can be found at the following link:
http://www.euskills.co.uk/download.php?id=498
2.9 Information on points of entry or transfer into a sector from another area sector.
The best way to start a career is to apply directly to an employer and secure employment
or work experience with them. This can be supplemented with training such as an S/NVQ
or college based qualifications that could lead to a nationally recognised qualification.
An apprenticeship in the industry is a great opportunity to achieve a recognised
qualification, gain experience and develop transferable skills.
Additional information can be obtained from the handout which can be found at:
http://www.euskills.co.uk/download.php?id=501
2.10 Job profiles
Energy & Utility Skills hold details of various jobs in the Sector including the following.
Position
Cable Jointer
Electrical Fitter
Overhead Lineworker
Link to information
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=229
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=230
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=231
Additional Careers information can be found on the Energy & Utility Skills website by
visiting http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=212
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2.11 Case studies
Person
Terry Cochrane
Apprentice
Electrical Fitter
Oliver Shakespere
Apprentice
Overhead
Lineworker
Employer
Scottish Power
Link to information
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=288
E.On
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=293
Eamonn Maynes
Apprentice Cable
Jointer
Northern Ireland
Electricity
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=295
2.12 FAQs
The majority of enquiries that come in to Energy & Utility Skills are processed by our
Business Support function. Each member of the team has a portfolio of information which
contains information designed to answer incoming enquiries. The information for the
Electricity sector can only be reached via an internal link on our website therefore a hard
copy of the details have been included with the paper copy of this submission.
Q) What training is available in the electricity sector?
A) The following is a list of recognised trainers used in the sector
Training Provider
AFAQ-ETA
185 Park Street
Bankside
London
SE1 9DY
Aztec Technical Service
Unit 251 Central Park
Petherton Road
Hengrove
Bristol
BS14 9BZ
Briantea Ltd
10 Kingfisher Close
Barrow Upon Soar
Loughborough
LE12 8AX
C & G Services (Europe)
Station House
Bristol Road
Stonehouse
Gloucestershire
GL10 3RB
Contact Details
020 7922 1630
www.afaq-eta.com
01275 892002
www.aztec.uk.com
01509 416966
0800 7312989
www.cgserv.com
13
Empower Training Services
Limited
Ratcliffe-on-Soar
Nottingham
NG11 0EG
Develop
Derby Training Centre
Acsot Drive
Derby
DE24 8GW
E A Technology
Capenhurst technology Park
Capenhurst
Chester
CH1 6ES
Gill Payne Partnership Ltd
Po Box 400
High Street
Laceby
North East Lincolnshire
DN37 7XB
0115 9832900
www.empower-training.co.uk
01332 253500
www.develop-solutions.co.uk
0151 339 4181
www.eatechnology.com
01472 752679
www.gillpayne.com
Electricity Training Providers – Independent
Training Provider
KeFax Ltd
Centrefield
The Broadway
Mansfield
NG18 2RL
Sterling Power Training
Utility Management Centre
Belfont Trading Estate
Mucklow Hill
Halesowen
West Midlands
B62 8DR
The Faraday Centre Ltd
Middlesborough
Flagship Training Ltd
Portsmouth
RWE Npower Generation and
Renewables
Swindon
TQ Training Services Ltd
Northamptonshire
Contact Details
01623 422099
www.kefax.co.uk
0121 5854100
www.sterling-power.co.uk
01642 467236
023 9233 9000
01793 877777
01604 684950
14
Electricity Training Providers – Transmission and Distribution
Training Provider
Contact Details
CE Electric UK
98 Aketon Road
Castleford
WF10 5DS
01977 605825
www.ce-electricuk.com
Distribution
EDF Energy
Atlantic house
Henson Road
Crawley
RH10 1QQ
National Grid
National Grid House
Warwick Technology Park
Gallows Hill
Warwick
CV34 6DA
020 7242 9050
www.edfenergy.com
Distribution
0845 612 0277
www.nationalgrid.com
Transmission and Distribution
Electricity Training Providers – Transmission and Distribution
Training Provider
Northern Ireland Electricity
17 Dunrod Road
Nutts Corner
Crumlin
County Antrim
Scottish & Southern Energy
Westacott Way
Littlewick Green
Maidenhead
SL6 3QB
ScottishPower Learning
Dealain House
Napier Road
Wardpark North
Cumbernauld
Glasgow
G68 0DF
United Utilities
United Utilities Training Centre,
Deans Lane,
Hoscar
Nr. Ormskirk
L40 4BL
Western Power Distribution
Training Centre
Venture Way
Priorswood Industrial Estate
Taunton
TA2 8DG
Central Networks
West Midlands
Contact Details
028 90825405
www.nie.co.uk
Transmission and Distribution
0118 953 4730
www.scottish-southern.co.uk
Transmission and Distribution
01236 727721
www.scottishpower.com
Transmission and Distribution
01925 234 000
www.unitedutilities.com
Distribution
01823 286 901
www.westernpower.co.uk
Distribution
01332 393605
Distribution
15
Q) Which areas of the Power industry are Energy & Utility Skills
responsible for?
A)Generation of electricity from coal, gas and an increasing range of renewable energy
sources, transmission onto the national grid, and distribution from the transmission
substation up to the meter and supply (metering) to the customer.
Q) What Schemes are available in the Sector?
A) Energy & Utility Skills support many schemes in the Power sector including:







Basic Electrical Safety Competence (BESC)
National Grid Electrical Contractor
Plant for Utilities Scheme
SF6 Gas Handling
Utility Excavations
Utility Network Construction Supervisor
SHEA (Electricity)
Full details of these courses can be found at http://www.eusr.co.uk/schemes
2.13 Sources of additional information, web-links etc
To start a career in the industry it is recommended that you contact a local electricity
distribution company or a transmission company. Details of these companies can be found
on Energy Networks website.
Learn more about the electricity industry by viewing the following websites:
 The IET Power Academy is an Engineering Scholarship Fund for students that
would like to study Electrical Engineering at Cardiff, Imperial College London,
Strathclyde, Manchester, Southampton or Queens University Belfast.
 The Association of Electricity Producers (AEP) is the leading trade association
for the UK electricity market.
 Scenta is a portal for science, engineering and technology (SET) careers
information.
 RIG Energy are a specialist engineering recruitment agency
 Utility Job Search is a job site dedicated to the candidates in the UK utilities
industry
 Just Utilities is a job site advertising vacancies in the utility industry
Additional information on Apprenticeships can be obtained from
http://www.apprenticeships.org.uk/Be-An-Apprentice/Other-Questions.aspx
16
2.14 Electricity – Regional Information
2.14.1 Electricity – East Midlands
In total, some 3,500 people are employed within the electricity industry in the East
Midlands region in approximately 50 companies; which makes this region the second
smallest in England in terms of the number of people employed in the electricity industry.
Industry
Employees
Business Units
3,500
50
Electricity
The age and gender profiles of the electricity workforce in the East Midlands are very
similar to those seen across England as a whole.
The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in Yorkshire and Humber‘s
electricity workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.
2.15.2 Electricity – East of England
In total, some 5,500 people are employed within the electricity industry in the East of
England region in approximately 80 companies; which makes this region the fourth
largest in England in terms of the number of people employed in the electricity industry.
Industry
Employees
Business Units
5,500
80
Electricity
Many of the electricity industry’s contractors/ supply chain are based in the East of
England region, making it strategically important to the industry.
The age and gender profiles of the electricity workforce in the East of England are very
similar to those seen across England as a whole.
The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in Yorkshire and Humber‘s
electricity workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.
2.15.3 Electricity – London
In total, some 4,000 people are employed within the electricity industry in the London
region in approximately 100 companies.
Industry
Employees
Business Units
4,000
100
Electricity
The age and gender profiles of the electricity workforce in London are very similar to
those seen across England as a whole.
The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in Yorkshire and Humber‘s
electricity workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.
2.15.4 Electricity – North East
In total, some 6,000 people are employed within the electricity industry in the North East
region in a very small number of companies.
Industry
Employees
Business Units
6,000
<50
Electricity
The age and gender profiles of the electricity workforce in the North East are very similar
to those seen across England as a whole.
The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in Yorkshire and Humber‘s
electricity workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.
17
2.15.5 Electricity – North West
In total, some 5,000 people are employed within the electricity industry in the North West
region in approximately 90 companies; which makes this region the third smallest in
England in terms of the number of people employed in the electricity industry.
Industry
Employees
Business Units
5,000
90
Electricity
The age and gender profiles of the electricity workforce in the North West are very similar
to those seen across England as a whole.
The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in Yorkshire and Humber‘s
electricity workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.
2.15.6 Electricity – South East
In total, some 7,500 people are employed within the electricity industry in the South East
region in approximately 120 companies; which makes this region the second largest in
England in terms of the number of people employed in the electricity industry.
Industry
Employees
Business Units
7,500
120
Electricity
The age and gender profiles of the electricity workforce in the South East are very similar
to those seen across England as a whole.
The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in Yorkshire and Humber‘s
electricity workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.
2.15.7 Electricity – South West
In total, some 7,000 people are employed within the electricity industry in the South West
region in approximately 90 companies.
Industry
Employees
Business Units
7,000
90
Electricity
The age and gender profiles of the electricity workforce in the South West are very similar
to those seen across England as a whole.
The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in Yorkshire and Humber‘s
electricity workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.
2.15.8 Electricity – West Midlands
In total, some 11,500 people are employed within the electricity industry in the West
Midlands region in approximately 75 companies; which makes this region the largest in
England in terms of the number of people employed in the electricity industry.
Industry
Employees
Business Units
11,500
75
Electricity
The age and gender profiles of the electricity workforce in the West Midlands are very
similar to those seen across England as a whole.
The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in Yorkshire and Humber‘s
electricity workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.
18
2.15.9 Electricity – Yorkshire and the Humber
In total, some 6,000 people are employed within the electricity industry in the Yorkshire
and Humber region in approximately 70 companies.
Industry
Employees
Business Units
6,000
70
Electricity
The age and gender profiles of the electricity workforce in Yorkshire and Humber are very
similar to those seen across England as a whole.
The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in Yorkshire and Humber‘s
electricity workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.
19
3. Gas
3.1 A brief description of what the sub-sector covers at UK level
The term “beach to burner” aptly summarises the breadth of this industry as it primarily covers
the activities associated with the distribution of gas and the fitting/maintenance of gas
equipment within the customers’ property. However, it excludes the extraction of natural gas.
The gas industry can be split into two sub-sectors: Transmission & Distribution and Utilisation.
Transmission & Distribution
This consists of the transportation of gas from the beach terminals through the National
Transmission System, into the Local Distribution System, and then up to, and including, the
main control valve adjacent to the customers’ property.
This sub-sector also covers the storage and re-gasification of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG),
following its importation. Also covered is the manufacture and distribution of Liquefied
Petroleum Gas (LPG) and other bottled gases and the operation and maintenance of network
infrastructure (e.g. pipe laying, repair, maintenance and storage).
There are other areas of the industry which are of interest, for example the wholesale of solid,
liquid and gaseous fuels and related products in terms of the sale and distribution of LPG.
Similarly, we have an interest in the wholesale of chemical products.
Utilisation
This area consists of all activities which take place on the customers’ side of the main control
valve (including the meter). The major element of this sub-sector is gas fitters/installers (i.e.
Gas Safe registered gas installers).
The number of people employed across the sector and in each industry is shown in the table
below:
UK
England
Gas (Transmission & Distribution)
22,000
18,500
40.21, Manufacture of gas
6,500
6,000
40.22, Distribution and trade of gaseous fuels
12,500
11,500
through mains
Estimated Additional Self-Employed
1,000
500
Gas (Utilisation)
123,700
105,800
Gas Safe registered gas operatives
123,700
105,800
Source: Annual Business Inquiry (2004) and Census of Population (2001)
NOTE: The totals of some rows and columns may not add up to 100% due to rounding.
* Denotes numbers are suppressed to maintain confidentiality.
3.2 Information on careers available and new emerging jobs, transferability of skills
career paths and opportunities for progression
The following information is available:
Skills and Interests
To be a gas network operative you should:
 have a keen interest in and aptitude for practical tasks
 be able to read technical instructions and follow diagrams
 be both logical and methodical
 be polite, friendly and professional
 have drive and determination
 be aware of safe working practices
 be able to work alone or as part of a team
 be committed to self development.
20
Occupations
The 4 main occupations in the network area of the industry are:
 Operatives – Assistant to a Team Leader (under instruction)
 Team Leader Main Layer – Installing and maintaining main gas pipe work.
 Team Leader Service Layer – Installing and maintaining pipe work
from a main gas pipe to the meter.
 Technician – Controls resources and involved with complex technical jobs
3.3 Information on pay scales in the sector
Starting salaries for young people and graduates entering the gas industry range from
£16,000 to £25,000. Upon completion of training these salaries can increase to between
£26,000 and £40,000, depending upon the occupation.
Average basic salaries (excluding overtime and bonuses) for a selection of occupations
found in the gas industry include:
Civil Engineer
£38,000
Commercial Gas Engineer
£30,000
Pipe Fitters
£33,000
Emergency Services Engineer
£30,000
Mains Layer
£30,000
Operatives
£24,000
Salaries can vary between employers and locations within the UK.
3.4 Information on entry requirements, application processes (e.g. Apprenticeships)
Training and Qualifications
To demonstrate knowledge and practical competence the training that you will need
to undertake with an employer will lead to completion of S/NVQ Gas Network
Operations (City & Guilds scheme number 6029) at either Level one or Level two.
New entrants to the industry will normally begin an S/NVQ at Level 1 and can
progress onto higher levels as part of their career development.
 Gas Network Operations Level 1
- Operative
 Gas Network Operations Level 2 (Service laying) - Team Leader
 Gas Network Operations Level 2 (Main laying) - Team Leader
 Gas Network Operations Level 3
- Technician
 Gas Network Engineering Management Level 4. - Front Line Management
Do I have to find an employer for the course?
You need to secure employment with a company working in the gas networks
industry to gain necessary work experience to complete the S/NVQ.
What do I do next?
Please contact a customer service advisor at Energy & Utility Skills on 0845 077 9922 for
further careers guidance for the gas networks industry or visit our website
www.euskills.co.uk.
Further Steps:
Contact gas network companies in your area to secure a work placement or employment.
Additional information can be found on careers, getting started in the industry, career
pathways and progression on a electronic handout which is available by following the link
to http://www.euskills.co.uk/download.php?id=499
An Apprenticeship in the gas industry is a great opportunity to achieve a nationally
recognised qualification, gain work experience and develop transferable skills.
21
Details of Apprenticeships in the Sector can be found at the following link:
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=204
It is worth noting that National Vocational Qualifications (NVQs) will not be required as part of
Apprenticeships from August 2010. For additional information on Apprenticeships please
contact Helen White, Apprenticeship Manager on 0845 077 7034 or
helen.white@euskills.co.uk
Additional information is available on a handout to be found at
http://www.euskills.co.uk/download.php?id=499
Energy & Utility Skills are also currently involved in the development of Diplomas. A
Diploma is a new English qualification aiming to provide young people (14-19) with the skills
and knowledge they need to progress into employment, training or further and higher
education. The Diplomas are being introduced in September 2008, and all young people
should have access to them from September 2013. For further details please visit the link
below:
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=205
3.5 Qualifications
Summary of Gas Qualifications available
Title of
Summary of Qualification
Qualification
Level 2 Utilities
This qualification has been designed for those
Control Centre
working in Utilities Control Centre Operations. To
Operations
achieve the award candidates must complete three
mandatory units which cover co-ordinate
communications for operational activities on utility
networks and assets; contribute to the handling of
incidents and resources; and contribute to an
effective and safe working environment.
Candidates must also complete one optional unit
from each of the optional groups.
Level 2 Utilities
Metering
Operations
This qualification is designed for those working in
Utilities Metering Operations. Candidates are
required to complete two mandatory units which
cover: ensure your own actions reduce risks to
health and safety: and solve problems for
customers. Candidates must also complete three
optional units from two optional groups, one of
which must be taken from Group B1. Group B1
contains units which cover: carry out meter reading
activities; remove install and commission meters;
and conduct metering surveys. Group B2 contains
units which include: rectify minor metering
installation defects; and conduct ancillary
operations for metering purposes.
22
Link
http://www.accreditedqual
ifications.org.uk/qualificati
on/10015917.seo.aspx
http://www.accreditedqual
ifications.org.uk/qualificati
on/Q1053270.seo.aspx
Level 4 Utilities
Network Planning &
Management
This qualification has been designed for those
working in Utilities Network Planning and
Management, seeking to minimize the performance
of utilities networks. To achieve the award
candidates must complete six mandatory units
which include develop a strategy for operating,
maintaining and developing the utility network and
assets; evaluate and determine options for
operating, maintaining and developing the utility
network and assets; plan and implement
operational, maintenance and development
activities on the utility network and assets.
Candidates must also complete one unit from each
of the two optional groups.
http://www.accreditedqual
ifications.org.uk/qualificati
on/1002301X.seo.aspx
Level 1 Gas
Network Operations
This qualification has been designed for those
working in Gas Network Operations. To achieve
the award candidates must complete eight
mandatory units which include assist in locating
and avoiding supply apparatus and sub-structures;
working under supervision excavate hole and
trenches in ground and pavement structures; assist
in preparing for re-instatement of excavation and
pavement surfaces; working under supervision,
contribute to an efficient and effective work
environment; and working under supervision,
contribute to Health, Safety and Environment in the
workplace. Candidates must also complete one
optional unit from a choice of two.
http://www.accreditedqual
ifications.org.uk/qualificati
on/10020421.seo.aspx
Level 2 Domestic
Natural Gas
Installation
This qualification has been designed for those
working in Domestic Natural Gas Installation. To
achieve the award candidates must complete five
mandatory units which cover install natural gas
systems and components; commission and
decommission natural gas systems; maintain a
safe working environment for all natural gas related
work; establish, maintain and develop effective
working relationships with others for all natural gas
related work; and apply gas safety measures to
domestic natural related work activities.
http://www.accreditedqual
ifications.org.uk/qualificati
on/10019157.seo.aspx
Level 2 Domestic
Natural Gas
Installation &
Maintenance (ACS)
This qualification has been designed for those
working in Domestic Natural Gas Installation and
Maintenance. To achieve the award candidates
must complete six mandatory units which cover
install natural gas systems and components;
commission and decommission natural gas
systems; service and maintain natural gas systems
and components; maintain a safe working
environment for all natural gas related work; and
establish, maintain and develop effective working
relationships with others for all natural gas related
work. These qualifications have been developed to
align with the ACS and upon completion will give
eligibility for registration on Gas Safe Register
http://www.accreditedqual
ifications.org.uk/qualificati
on/10019169.seo.aspx
23
Level 2 Domestic
Natural Gas
Maintenance
This qualification has been designed for those
working in Domestic Natural Gas Maintenance. To
achieve the award candidates must complete five
mandatory units which cover commission and
decommission natural gas systems; service and
maintain natural gas systems and components;
maintain a safe working environment for all natural
gas related work; establish, maintain and develop
effective working relationships with others for all
natural gas related work; and apply gas safety
measures to domestic natural gas related work
activities.
http://www.accreditedqual
ifications.org.uk/qualificati
on/10019170.seo.aspx
Level 2 Gas
Network Operations
– Mainlaying
This qualification has been designed for those
working in Gas Network Operations – Mainlaying.
To achieve the award candidates must complete
nine mandatory units which include locate and
avoid supply apparatus and sub-structures during
gas network operations (mainlaying); excavate
holes and trenches in ground and pavement
structures to access the gas network (mainlaying);
re-instate excavation and pavement surfaces after
gas network operations (mainlaying); and
contribute to an efficient and effective work
environment during gas network operations
(mainlaying). Candidates must also complete four
optional units from three optional groups.
http://www.accreditedqual
ifications.org.uk/qualificati
on/10020445.seo.aspx
Level 2 Gas
Network Operations
Servicelaying
This qualification has been designed for those
working in Gas Network Operations –
Servicelaying. To achieve the award candidates
must complete nine mandatory units which include
locate and avoid supply apparatus and substructures during gas network operations
(servicelaying); excavate holes and trenches in
ground and pavement structures to access the gas
network (servicelaying); re-instate excavation and
pavement surfaces after gas network operations
(servicelaying); and contribute to an efficient and
effective work environment during gas network
operations (servicelaying). Candidates must also
complete four optional units from three optional
groups.
http://www.accreditedqual
ifications.org.uk/qualificati
on/10020433.seo.aspx
Level 3 Domestic
Natural Gas
Installation
This qualification has been designed for those
working in Domestic Natural Gas Installation. To
achieve the award candidates must complete nine
mandatory units which include design natural gas
systems; plan the work activities for natural gas
systems and components; commission and
decommission natural gas systems; maintain a
safe working environment for all natural gas related
work; apply gas safety measures to domestic
natural gas related work; install complex natural
gas systems and components; specify programmes
for working on natural gas systems; and specify
programmes for working on natural gas systems.
http://www.accreditedqual
ifications.org.uk/qualificati
on/10019182.seo.aspx
24
Level 3 Domestic
Natural Gas
Installation &
Maintenance (ACS)
This qualification has been designed for those
working in Domestic Natural Gas Installation and
Maintenance. To achieve the award candidates
must complete ten mandatory units which include
design natural gas systems; specify programmes
for working on natural gas systems; plan the work
activities for natural gas systems and components;
install complex natural gas systems and
components; commission and decommission
natural gas systems; and service and maintain
complex natural gas systems and components.
These qualifications have been developed to align
with the Accredited Certification Scheme-ACS; for
gas operatives and upon completion will give
eligibility for registration on Gas Safe Register.
http://www.accreditedqual
ifications.org.uk/qualificati
on/10019194.seo.aspx
Level 3 Domestic
Natural Gas
Maintenance
This qualification has been designed for those
working in Domestic Natural Gas Maintenance. To
achieve the award candidates must complete nine
mandatory units which include design natural gas
systems; specify programmes for working on
natural gas systems; plan the work activities for
natural gas systems and components; commission
and decommission natural gas systems; service
and maintain complex natural gas systems and
components; maintain a safe working environment
for all natural gas related work; and establish,
maintain and develop effective working
relationships with others for all natural gas related
work.
http://www.accreditedqual
ifications.org.uk/qualificati
on/10019200.seo.aspx
Level 3 Gas
Emergency Service
Operations (ACS)
This very specific and specialist gas award is
unique to a certain group of gas engineers primarily
working for gas utility companies nation wide in
areas that cover matters of critical gas health and
safety situations.
http://www.accreditedqual
ifications.org.uk/qualificati
on/50015382.seo.aspx
They have to cover incidents and gas related call
outs that require rapid determination of factors that
can relate to life and death situations culminating in
rapid actions to minimize the risk to life and people
in the close vicinity of these real or potential gas
leakage situations.
Level 3 Gas
Network Operations
– Craft
This qualification has been designed for those
working in Gas Network Operations – Craft. To
achieve the award candidates must complete
twelve mandatory units which include locate and
avoid supply apparatus and sub-structures in
diverse situations; excavate holes and trenches in
ground and pavement structures in diverse
situations; re-instate excavation and pavement
surfaces in diverse situations; contribute to an
efficient and effective work environment in diverse
situations; and contribute to health, safety and
environment in the workplace in diverse situations.
Candidates must also complete a total of five
optional units from three optional groups.
25
http://www.accreditedqual
ifications.org.uk/qualificati
on/10020457.seo.aspx
Level 4 Gas
Network
Engineering
Management
This qualification provides an industry standard for
Gas Engineering Managers. It is an NVQ based
directly on NOS, developed on the basis of
research by the SSB (EU Skills).
http://www.accreditedqual
ifications.org.uk/qualificati
on/1003349X.seo.aspx
OU Level 4
Engineering
Surveying, Systems
or Services
This qualification has been designed as a high
level inspection award which recognises the
responsibility, integrity and personal authority
vested in an Engineer Surveyor. The level 4 award
has been equated to the membership requirements
of an Incorporated Engineer for the Professional
Engineering Institutions. The qualification
recognises the common functionality between
surveying engineering equipment, systems or
services and provides a qualification for engineers
involved in one or more of these areas of activity,
ensuring the fitness of purpose and their conformity
with safety and statutory regulations. The
qualification also has wider application to engineers
responsible for the management and compliance of
engineering equipment, Systems or Services with
health, safety and environmental and other
legislative or regulatory frameworks.
http://www.accreditedqual
ifications.org.uk/qualificati
on/10031133.seo.aspx
OU Level 4
Pipelines (Oil &
Gas) Engineering
Management
No description available contact awarding body for
details
http://www.accreditedqual
ifications.org.uk/qualificati
on/10033488.seo.aspx
City & Guilds Level
2 Certificate in
Domestic Natural
Gas Installation and
Maintenance
This qualification has been designed for those
working/starting out in the Domestic Natural Gas
Installation and Maintenance sub sector of the gas
Industry. To achieve the Certificate learners must
complete units which include: specify programmes
for working on natural gas systems; plan the work
activities for natural gas systems and components;
install natural gas systems and components;
commission and decommission natural gas
systems; and service and maintain natural gas
systems and components.
http://www.accreditedqual
ifications.org.uk/qualificati
on/10047852.seo.aspx
City & Guilds Level
3 Certificate in
Complex Domestic
Natural Gas
Installation and
Maintenance
This qualification has been designed for those
working in the Domestic Natural Gas Installation
and Maintenance sub sector of the gas Industry. To
achieve the Certificate at Level 3 learners must
complete units which include: design of systems:
specify programmes for working on complex
natural gas systems; plan the work activities for
complex natural gas systems and components;
install complex natural gas systems and
components; commission and decommission
natural gas systems; and service and maintain
natural gas systems and components.
This qualification has been developed to align with
the Accredited Certification Scheme-ACS; for gas
operatives in terms of underpinning knowledge and
gas safety requirements.
http://www.accreditedqual
ifications.org.uk/qualificati
on/10047864.seo.aspx
26
City & Guilds Level
3 Certificate in Gas
Emergency Service
Operations
This qualification has been designed for those
working in the Natural Gas Emergency Service
Provsiosn-ESP sub sector of the gas Industry.
This qualification has been developed to align with
the Accredited Certification Scheme-ACS; for gas
operatives in terms of underpinning knowledge and
gas safety requirements. Combined with the gas
NVQ-ESP this qualification upon successful
completion will give learners eligibility for Gas Safe
Register standard gas operative national
registration (legal requirement). The main
advantage of this is that learners do not have to be
double assessed against further external gas
safety assessments; these are combined in the
national GAS NVQs and VRQs.
http://www.accreditedqual
ifications.org.uk/qualificati
on/10047876.seo.aspx
3.6 Data on employment and labour market trends and forecasts
Gender
The figure below shows the proportion of employees who are female within each
occupational group in the gas (Transmission & Distribution) industry and compares them
to the England average. No data is available on the number of females working in the
gas (Utilisation) industry.
90
80
70
Percentage of Workforce
60
50
England
EU Skills
40
Electricity
Gas (Trans & Dist)
Waste Management
30
Water
20
10
0
Managers &
Senior Officials
Professionals
Associate
Professional &
Technical
Admin &
Secretarial
Skilled Trades
Sales &
Customer
Service
Process, Plant &
Machine
Operatives
Elementary
Occupational Group
Source: Census of Population, 2001.
In general terms, there is a strong gender bias within the gas (Transmission &
Distribution) industry, with high concentrations of female workers in administrative and
secretarial, sales and customer service roles. Around 25% of managerial employees are
female, compared to around 34% across the UK economy. Females make up 67% of the
workforce within the administrative and secretarial occupations but only 17% of
professionals and 25% of associate professionals.
27
Age
The figure below shows the age profile of the workforce currently employed in the
electricity industry in England.
Age Profile of Workforce in the Gas Industry (England)
35
30
25
Percentage of Workforce
England
20
EU Skills
Electricity
Gas (Trans & Dist)
15
Gas (Utilisation)
Waste Management
Water
10
5
0
16-24
25-34
35-44
45-54
55-64
64+
Age Group
Source: Census of Population, 2001 and CORGI Register.
The gas (Transmission & Distribution) industry has a slightly younger age profile than
both the UK and EU Skills sector averages. One reason for this may be the high
proportion of admin/ secretarial and sales and customer service occupations that are
employed by this industry.
However, there is evidence which suggests that in some of the higher-level technical and
engineering occupations there is an issue related to the high number of workers who are
due to retire within the next 10-to-15 years, and for whom replacements may be difficult to
find in sufficient numbers.
The age profile of the gas (Utilisation) industry is significantly older than average, with
almost half of the workforce being aged over 45 years and just one-quarter aged under
34 years old.
The future
In 2002 the three companies that distribute gas around England (National Grid, Wales
West Utilities and Northern Gas Networks) started a 30-year programme to replace all of
the old iron gas mains that are within 30 metres of a property. This is a huge investment
programme for the industry which will replace in the region of 3,000km of pipeline each
year through to 2032.
Forecasts made by Oxford Economics suggest that around 600 new workers per year will
be required by the gas (Utilisation) industry between 2008 and 2017 and that 18% of
these will be graduates.
28
The occupations where demand for new recruits will be largest include:
 Emergency – First Call Operatives
(Level 3)
The role includes a response to emergency calls and first line investigation.

Repair Team Leaders
(Level 3)
Their main responsibility is to repair damaged mains and services.

Operations First Line Managers
(Level 3)
Responsible for the cost-efficient operation of gas supply within the local work
team. Health & safety and environmental issues are key factors.

Maintenance Craftpersons
(Level 3)
Responsible for the technical aspects of installation and maintenance at craft
level.
3.7 Skill shortages
In 2007, the Gas Distribution Network’s worked with us to develop a dynamic workforce
planning model enabling the industry to gain a national 15 year view of recruitment and
training needs across key technical and engineering skill sets. The outputs of the model
were instrumental in securing long term investment in skill development through the
regulatory process.
The main skill shortages that exist in the gas (Transmission & Distribution) industry at the
moment are for gas engineers, both at Chartered level (NVQ level 4) and maintenance/
installation levels (NVQ level 3).
Due to the lack of graduates and other suitably skilled people looking for employment
opportunities in the gas (Transmission & Distribution) industry and the significant capital
investment programme that is currently underway, it is highly unlikely that these skills
shortages will be resolved any time soon.
These skills shortages are particularly severe at the moment due to (i) the age profile of
the existing workforce means that many workers will retire over the next ten years and (ii)
the workforce requirements of the 30-year iron gas mains replacement programme which
started in 2002.
The industry has now committed to updating the workforce planning model during the
financial year 2010/11, and to providing a far more comprehensive view of the sector as a
whole by engaging with contractor organisations to assess the impact of planned
investment on their workforce requirements. Similar to the exercise undertaken in 2007,
this will provide crucial information on the volume of apprentices and new trainees
needed on a regional basis, potentially identifying key areas of focus for IAG providers
There are currently no skills shortages identified in the gas (Utilisation) industry.
3.8 Information on opportunities for adults changing career direction
The best way to start a career in the gas industry is to apply to an employer in the
industry and secure employment or work experience with them. The work experience
element is essential for working in the gas industry but this can be supplemented by
relevant training such as an S/NVQ or off-the-job college based qualifications; such as a
Technical Certificate that may lead to a nationally recognised qualification.
Additional information can be found on careers, getting started in the industry, career
pathways and progression on a electronic handout which is available by following the link
to http://www.euskills.co.uk/download.php?id=499.
29
3.9 Information on points of entry or transfer into a sector from another area sector.
The best way to start a career in the gas industry is to apply to an employer in the
industry and secure employment or work experience with them. The work experience
element is essential for working in the gas industry but this can be supplemented by
relevant training such as an S/NVQ or off-the-job College based qualifications. For
example, a Technical Certificate may lead to a nationally recognised qualification. An
Apprenticeship in the gas industry is a great opportunity to achieve a nationally
recognised qualification and gain work experience.
3.10 Job profiles
Position
Gas Service Engineer
Gas Network Engineer
Network Operative
Technician
Engineering Assistant
Network Officer
Network Operations Manager
Link to information
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=233
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=234
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/gas-job-profiles/network-operativetransmission-distribution/
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/gas-job-profiles/technician-transmissiondistribution/
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/gas-job-profiles/engineering-assistanttransmission-distribution/
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/gas-job-profiles/network-officertransmission-distribution/
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/gas-job-profiles/network-operationsmanager-transmission-distribution/
3.11 Case studies
Name
Ivan Bell –
Commercial
Operations
Director
Chris Black Apprentice
Gas Service
Engineer
Paula Smith Apprentice
Employer
Phoenix
Natural
Gas
Position
Commercial
Operations Director
Link to information
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=294
Scottish
Gas
Apprentice Gas
Service Engineer
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=40
8
Scottish
Gas
Apprentice
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=28
9
3.12 FAQs
The majority of enquiries that come in to Energy & Utility Skills are processed by our
Business Support function. Each member of the team has a portfolio of information which
contains information designed to answer incoming enquiries. The information for the Gas
sector can only be reached via an internal link on our website therefore a hard copy of the
detailed information has been included with the paper copy of this submission.
Q) What jobs are available in the Gas Sector?
Many of the jobs in the gas industry are highly skilled and are in huge demand in a wide range
of engineering, science and technology based industries. There is an increasing need for
skilled people to work in UK engineering and technology businesses so that the UK can
compete successfully in the world economy. We then provide details of the role of Gas Service
Engineer and Gas Network Engineer.
30
Q) What Apprenticeships are available in the Gas Sector?
An Apprenticeship in the gas industry will involve you undertaking one of the following NVQ's
with an employer:
 Domestic Natural Gas Installation and Maintenance Level 2 or Level 3
 Domestic Natural Gas Installation Level 3
 Domestic Natural Gas Maintenance Level 3
 Domestic Natural Gas Emergency Service Operations Level 3
 Gas Network Operations Level 2 or Level 3
It is worth noting that National Vocational Qualifications (NVQs) will not be required as part of
Apprenticeships from August 2010. For additional information on Apprenticeships please
contact Helen White, Apprenticeship Manager on 0845 077 7034 or
helen.white@euskills.co.uk
You will be given the chance to develop expertise and knowledge through on-the-job
assessment as well gaining vital skills such as team work and problem solving.
You will learn new skills at both the training centre and on-the-job as well as completing a
Technical Certificate in the same subject plus achieving key skills. You need to be employed
to be able to undertake an Apprenticeship. Energy & Utility Skills do not recruit Apprentices for
the sector however we can give you information on what next steps you can take such as lists
of employers offering apprenticeships. Energy & Utility Skills can provide this information by
region i.e. England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.
Q) What courses are available in the Gas sector?
Energy & Utility Skills run the following schemes for the sector:
 SHEA Gas
 Multi Layered Pipe
 Network Construction Operations (Gas)
 Plant for Utilities Schemes
 Safe Control of Operations
 Safe Control of Operations (NI)
 Utility Safety Health & Environmental Awareness (Gas)
 Cross Country Pipelines Health & Safety Passport
 Utility Excavations
 Utility Network Construction Supervisors
Details of the schemes can be found by using the following link
http://www.eusr.co.uk/schemes
3.13 Sources of additional information, web-links etc
Learn more about the gas industry by viewing the following websites:








Institute of Gas Engineers and Managers (IGEM) independent body serving
the gas industry.
Ofgem Regulates the electricity and gas markets in Great Britain
CORGI The CORGI team provides technical expertise and support for its
members
Scenta is a portal for science, engineering and technology (SET) careers information.
City & Guilds offers learners over 500 qualifications in 28 industry areas
RIG Energy are a specialist engineering recruitment agency
Utility Job Search is a job site dedicated to the candidates in the UK utilities industry
Just Utilities is a job site advertising vacancies in the utility industry
3.14 Gas – Regional Information
3.14.1 Gas – East Midlands
In total, around 1,000 people are employed in the gas (Transmission & Distribution)
industry in the East Midlands region in a very small number of companies.
31
Just over 12,000 workers are also employed in the gas (Utilisation) industry in 5,700
companies.
Industry
Employees
Business Units
Gas (Transmission &
Distribution)
1,000
<50
Gas (Utilisation)
12,200
5,700
The age and gender profiles of the gas workforce in the East Midlands are very similar to
those seen across England as a whole.
The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in the East Midlands’ gas
workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.
3.15.2 Gas – East of England
In total, around 2,500 people are employed in the gas (Transmission & Distribution)
industry in the East of England region in a very small number of companies.
Almost 10,000 workers are also employed in the gas (Utilisation) industry in 4,300
companies.
Industry
Employees
Business Units
Gas (Transmission &
Distribution)
2,500
<50
Gas (Utilisation)
9,700
4,300
Many of the gas industry’s contractors/ supply chain are based in the East of England
region, making it strategically important to the industry.
The age and gender profiles of the gas workforce in the East of England are very similar
to those seen across England as a whole.
The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in Yorkshire and Humber‘s gas
workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.
3.15.3 Gas – London
In total, around 1,500 people are employed in the gas (Transmission & Distribution)
industry in the London region in a very small number of companies.
Just over 11,000 workers are also employed in the gas (downstream) industry in 5,200
companies.
Industry
Employees
Business Units
Gas (Transmission &
Distribution)
1,500
<50
Gas (Utilisation)
11,100
5,200
The age and gender profiles of the gas workforce in London are very similar to those
seen across England as a whole.
The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in London‘s gas workforce are
also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.
32
3.15.4 Gas – North East
In total, around 1,000 people are employed in the gas (Transmission & Distribution)
industry in the North East region in a very small number of companies.
Just over 12,000 workers are also employed in the gas (Utilisation) industry in 5,700
companies.
Industry
Employees
Business Units
Gas (Transmission &
Distribution)
1,000
<50
Gas (Utilisation)
5,100
1,800
The age and gender profiles of the gas workforce in the North East are very similar to
those seen across England as a whole.
The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in the North East’s gas
workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.
3.15.5 Gas – North West
In total, around 1,500 people are employed in the gas (Transmission & Distribution)
industry in the North West region in a very small number of companies.
Almost 15,000 workers are also employed in the gas (Utilisation) industry in 5,800
companies.
Industry
Employees
Business Units
Gas (Transmission &
Distribution)
1,500
<50
Gas (Utilisation)
14,900
5,800
The age and gender profiles of the gas workforce in the North West are very similar to
those seen across England as a whole.
The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in the North West’s gas
workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.
3.15.6 Gas – South East
In total, around 3,500 people are employed in the gas (Transmission & Distribution)
industry in the South East region in a very small number of companies.
Almost 11,000 workers are also employed in the gas (Utilisation) industry in 5,000
companies.
Industry
Employees
Business Units
Gas (Transmission &
Distribution)
3,500
<50
Gas (Utilisation)
10,600
5,000
The age and gender profiles of the gas workforce in the South East are very similar to
those seen across England as a whole.
The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in the South East’s gas
workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.
3.15.7 Gas – South West
In total, around 1,500 people are employed in the gas (Transmission & Distribution)
industry in the South West region in a very small number of companies.
33
Just over 20,000 workers are also employed in the gas (Utilisation) industry in 7,800
companies.
Industry
Employees
Business Units
Gas (Transmission &
Distribution)
1,500
<50
Gas (Utilisation)
20,200
7,800
The age and gender profiles of the gas workforce in the South West are very similar to
those seen across England as a whole.
The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in the South West’s gas
workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.
3.15.8 Gas – West Midlands
In total, around 4,000 people are employed in the gas (Transmission & Distribution)
industry in the West Midlands region in a very small number of companies.
Around 11,000 workers are also employed in the gas (Utilisation) industry in 4,400
companies.
Industry
Employees
Business Units
Gas (Transmission &
Distribution)
4,000
<50
Gas (Utilisation)
11,000
4,400
The age and gender profiles of the gas workforce in the West Midlands are very similar to
those seen across England as a whole.
The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in the West Midlands’ gas
workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.
3.15.9 Gas – Yorkshire and the Humber
In total, around 2,000 people are employed in the gas (Transmission & Distribution)
industry in the Yorkshire and Humber region in a very small number of companies.
Around 11,000 workers are also employed in the gas (Utilisation) industry in 4,400
companies.
Industry
Employees
Business Units
Gas (Transmission &
Distribution)
2,000
<50
Gas (Utilisation)
11,000
4,400
The age and gender profiles of the gas workforce in Yorkshire and Humber are very
similar to those seen across England as a whole. The occupations, skills shortages future
trends that exist in Yorkshire and Humber‘s gas workforce are also very similar to those
seen across England as a whole.
34
4. Waste Management
4.1 A brief description of what the sub-sector covers at UK level
This industry is primarily concerned with the collection, transport, treatment and final
management of waste and recyclables. Once waste is generated from other sectors of the
economy, it is collected and passed through a series of processes which result in either
valuable or non-valuable outputs which exit the sector in an appropriate manner. Nonvaluable outputs, which consist of materials that are unsuitable for recovery and reuse, are
either sent to landfill or incinerated to produce energy, heat or power. Valuable outputs (such
as paper, glass, plastics, metals, etc.), once they have been dismantled and sorted, then
leave the waste management sector and can be remade/recycled into a new product; this
process is considered to be outside of the waste management sector because it is essentially
a manufacturing operation.
As with the process of remaking/recycling of waste materials into new products, there are
other, sometimes indistinct boundary lines between this sector and other areas of the
economy, particularly in the production of electricity and gas. Energy-from-waste plants (or
Energy Recovery Facilities) are becoming increasingly common as the drive away from
landfill continues. This process results in the production of electricity, heat or power and is
becoming to be regarded as part of the renewable energy agenda. Technologies used such
as Pyrolysis, Incineration etc have been taken into account with the provision of the
information here. Also, a common by-product of landfill sites is the production of methane gas
which can be tapped and used, primarily on-site. However, as energy-from-waste plants and
landfill sites are primarily concerned with the handling of waste rather than the production of
electricity, heat, power or gas, they are considered part of the waste management sector.
The number of people employed across the sector and in each industry is shown in the table
below:
UK
England
Waste Management
141,000
110,000
Integrated Waste Management Companies
29,000
22,500
Public Waste Collection, Disposal Authorities
60,000
47,000
and LAWDCs
SMEs – Collection, Processing and Disposal
45,000
35,000
Support Services - Consultants
1,000
500
- Contractors
3,000
2,500
- Plant/Equipment
2,000
1,500
Others, including Regulators
500
*
Source: Energy & Utility Skills Labour Market Investigation of the UK Waste Management Industry, 2006
NOTE: The totals of some rows and columns may not add up to 100% due to rounding.
* Denotes numbers are suppressed to maintain confidentiality.
A basic introduction to the Sector can be found by visiting the following link
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=218
35
4.2 Information on careers available and new emerging jobs, transferability of skills
career paths and opportunities for progression
Energy & Utility Skills provide information on the following job roles:
 Recycling Officer - http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=236
 Recycling Operative - http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=237
 Refuse Operative - http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=238
 Waste Management Officer - www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=239
 Transfer Station Labourer - www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=240
 Energy from Waste Engineer - http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/waste-managementjob-profiles/energy-from-waste-engineer/
 Environmental Engineer - http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/waste-management-jobprofiles/environmental-engineer/
 Landfill Gas Technician - http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/waste-management-jobprofiles/landfill-gas-technician/
 Energy from Waste Plant Operator - http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/wastemanagement-job-profiles/energy-from-waste-plant-operator/
The roles on the careers section of the Energy & Utility website are constantly reviewed
to ensure the needs of the industry are met and as such are updated on a regular basis to
reflect changes in technology and terminology.
The format of the added roles differs from previous entries. This will be discussed with
employers in November 2009 as part of ongoing consultation with industry.
Each of the links to these roles contains additional information on starting in the role, training,
progression and salary information. Many jobs in the waste management industry are with Local
Authorities or private waste management companies so we also provide information on this at the
following link - http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=241
Energy & Utility Skills are also currently involved in the development of Diplomas.
A Diploma is a new English qualification aiming to provide young people (14-19) with the skills and
knowledge they need to progress into employment, training or further and higher education.
The Diplomas are being introduced in September 2008, and all young people should have access
to them from September 2013. For further details please visit the link below:
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=205
4.3 Information on pay scales in the sector
Starting salaries for people entering the waste management industry range from £16,000
to £25,000. Graduates entering a company’s graduate programme can start on as much
as £21,000. Upon completion of training these salaries can increase to between £26,000
and £35,000, depending upon the occupation.
Average basic salaries (excluding overtime and bonuses) for a selection of occupations
found in the waste management industry include:
Recycling/Refuse Disposal Manager
£31,000
Environmental Engineer
£30,000
Energy from Waste Engineer
£30,000
Assistant Waste Manager
£29,000
Recycling Officer
£28,000
Landfill Gas Technician
£20-25,000
Materials Buyer
£18,000
Refuse Operatives
£18,000
Energy from Waste Plant Operator
£15,000
Salaries can vary between employers and locations within the UK.
36
4.4 Information on entry requirements, application processes (e.g. Apprenticeships)
Additional information on Waste Management, including 14-19 Diplomas, Research
Reports, Training Providers and Apprenticeships can be found by following the link to
http://www.euskills.co.uk/waste/index.php?pageID=419
The best way to start a career in the industry is to apply to an employer; these include your
Local Authority and private waste management companies. An employer may then support
you with the relevant training such as S/NVQ. Entry requirements to jobs in the waste
management industry range from no formal qualifications, through to Higher National
Certificates (HNCs) and Degrees.
Throughout any career in the waste management industry you will be provided with the
necessary on and off-the-job training, including refresher training and new skills training, to
enable you to carry out your job competently. You can also become a member of the
Chartered Institution of Wastes Management (CIWM).
Energy & Utility Skills is currently formalising Apprenticeships at Levels 2 and 3 in Waste
Management and Waste Engineering. It is hoped that both will become available towards
the end of 2009. The generic homepage for Apprenticeships can be found via the
following link: http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=211
4.5 Qualifications
Summary of Waste Qualifications available
Title of
Summary of Qualification
Qualification
City & Guilds Level No details available – contact awarding body
1 NVQ in Recycling for details
Operations
Link
http://www.accreditedqualifi
cations.org.uk/qualification/
10060406.seo.aspx
City & Guilds Level
1 in Waste
Management
Operations
The purpose and aim of this qualification is to
provide a nationally recognised qualification at
this level for new entrants to the sector; the
waste management industry
http://www.accreditedqualifi
cations.org.uk/qualification/
Q1051037.seo.aspx
City & Guilds Level
2 NVQ in Recycling
Operations
No description available – contact awarding
body for details
http://www.accreditedqualifi
cations.org.uk/qualification/
10060418.seo.aspx
City & Guilds Level
2 NVQ in Waste
Management
Operations
Derived from units developed by the lead
body for the waste management industry, this
qualification comprises six mandatory units in:
contributing to the maintenance of
organisation's work and a healthy and safe
working environment, maintain working
relationships, maintain information systems.
Candidates must also complete four optional
units to complete this award.
http://www.accreditedqualifi
cations.org.uk/qualification/
Q1051038.seo.aspx
City & Guilds Level
3 NVQ in the
Management of
Recycling
Operations
The aim of the qualification is to provide the
candidate with recognition of their
competence in the recycling environment
relating to the individuals job role
http://www.accreditedqualifi
cations.org.uk/qualification/
Q1051038.seo.aspx
37
City & Guilds Level
3 NVQ in Waste
Management
Operations: Civic
Amenity Site
This qualification was designed for those
working in Waste Management Operations:
Civic Amenity. To achieve the award
candidates must complete seven mandatory
units which cover the reception of civic
amenity wastes; control the movement,
sorting and storage of civic amenity wastes;
monitor procedures to control risks to health
and safety; control work activities on a civic
amenity site; control the transfer of recovered
and waste materials from civic amenity sites;
ensure protection of the environment on civic
amenity sites; and create effective working
relationships.
http://www.accreditedqualifi
cations.org.uk/qualification/
10022296.seo.aspx
City & Guilds Level
3 Waste
Management
Operations: Closed
Landfill
This qualification has been designed for those
working in Waste Management Operations:
Closed Landfill. To achieve the award
candidates must complete seven mandatory
units which include site operations on closed
landfill sites; control maintenance of other
engineering operations; support the efficient
use of resources; ensure protection of the
environment on closed landfill sites; and
create effective working relationships.
Candidates must also complete one optional
unit
http://www.accreditedqualifi
cations.org.uk/qualification/
10022302.seo.aspx
City & Guilds Level
3 NVQ in Waste
Management
Operations: Inert
Waste
This qualification has been designed for those
working in Waste Management Operations:
Inert Waste. To achieve the award candidates
must complete four mandatory units which
cover monitor procedures to control risks to
health and safety; control maintenance and
other engineering ops.
http://www.accreditedqualifi
cations.org.uk/qualification/
10022284.seo.aspx
City & Guilds Level
3 in Waste
Management
Supervision
Derived from units developed by the lead
body for the waste management industry, this
qualification comprises 7 mandatory units to
be completed in: meet waste management
requirements, efficient use of resources,
develop and maintain effective working
relationships to achieve these objectives,
manage information, ensure compliance with
health and safety legislation, deal with
emergencies. Candidates must also complete
two optional units to achieve this award.
http://www.accreditedqualifi
cations.org.uk/qualification/
Q1051039.seo.aspx
City & Guilds Level
4 Management of
Recycling
Operations
The aim of the qualification is to provide the
candidate with recognition of their
competence in the Recycling environment
relating to the individuals job role
http://www.accreditedqualifi
cations.org.uk/qualification/
50014584.seo.aspx
City & Guilds Level
4 NVQ in the
Management of
Recycling
Operations: Small
Scale Operations
The aim of the qualification is to provide the
candidate with recognition of their
competence in the Recycling environment
relating to the individuals job role
http://www.accreditedqualifi
cations.org.uk/qualification/
5001464X.seo.aspx
38
City & Guilds Level
4 NVQ in Waste
Management
Operations:
Managing
Incineration
This qualification has been designed for those
working in Waste Management Operations:
Managing Incineration. To achieve the award
candidates must complete 11 mandatory units
which include control the reception of
hazardous waste; control site operations on a
waste incineration facility; control
maintenance of other engineering operations;
control improvements to waste management
operations and create effective working
relationships. Candidates must also complete
one optional unit. Candidates may complete
the additional unit although this is not a
requirement for the award.
http://www.accreditedqualifi
cations.org.uk/qualification/
10022272.seo.aspx
City & Guilds Level
4 in Waste
Management
Operations:
Managing Landfill
Hazardous Waste
This qualification has been designed for those
working in Waste Management Operations:
Managing Landfill Hazardous Waste.
Candidates must complete 7 mandatory units
which include monitor procedures to control
risks to health and safety; control
maintenance and engineering operations; and
ensure protection of the environment on
landfill sites. Candidates must also complete
five optional units from five optional groups.
http://www.accreditedqualifi
cations.org.uk/qualification/
10022211.seo.aspx
City & Guilds Level
4 NVQ in Waste
Management
Operations:
Managing Landfill
Non-Hazardous
Waste
This qualification has been designed for those
working in Waste Management Operations:
Managing Landfill Non-Hazardous Waste.
Candidates must complete seven mandatory
units which include monitor procedures to
control risks to health and safety; control
maintenance and other engineering
operations; control improvements to waste
management operations; and ensure
protection of the environment on landfill sites.
Candidates must also complete five optional
units from five optional groups. Candidates
may complete the additional unit although this
is not a requirement for the award.
http://www.accreditedqualifi
cations.org.uk/qualification/
10022223.seo.aspx
City & Guilds Level
4 NVQ in Waste
Management
Operations:
Managing Transfer
Hazardous Waste
This qualification has been designed for those
working in Waste Management Operations:
Managing Transfer Hazardous Waste. To
achieve the award candidates must complete
eight mandatory units which include control
the reception of hazardous waste; control the
movement, sorting and storage of hazardous
wastes; monitor procedures to control risks to
health and safety; control maintenance and
other engineering operations; and control
improvements to waste management
operations. Candidates must also complete
four optional units from four optional groups.
Candidates may complete the additional unit
although this not a requirement for the award.
http://www.accreditedqualifi
cations.org.uk/qualification/
10022259.seo.aspx
39
City & Guilds Level
4 NVQ in Waste
Management
Operations:
Managing Transfer
Non Hazardous
Waste
This qualification has been designed for those
working in Waste Management Operations:
Managing Transfer Non-hazardous Waste. To
achieve the award candidates must complete
eight mandatory units which include control
the reception of non-hazardous waste; control
the movement, sorting and storage of nonhazardous wastes; monitor procedures to
control risks to health and safety; control
maintenance and other engineering
operations; and control improvements to
waste management operations. Candidates
must also complete four optional units from
four optional groups. Candidates may
complete the additional unit although this is
not a requirement for the award.
http://www.accreditedqualifi
cations.org.uk/qualification/
10022260.seo.aspx
City & Guilds Level
4 NVQ in Waste
Management
Operations:
Managing
Treatment
Hazardous Waste
This qualification has been designed for those
working in Waste Management Operations:
Managing Treatment Hazardous Waste. To
achieve the award candidates must complete
eight mandatory units which include control
the reception of hazardous waste; control the
movement, sorting and storage of hazardous
wastes; monitor procedures to control risks to
health and safety; control maintenance and
other engineering operations; and control
improvements to waste management
operations. Candidates must also complete
four optional units from four optional groups.
Candidates may complete the additional unit
although this not a requirement for the award.
http://www.accreditedqualifi
cations.org.uk/qualification/
10022235.seo.aspx
City & Guilds Level
4 NVQ in Waste
Management
Operations:
Managing
Treatment of Non –
Hazardous Waste
This qualification has been designed for those
working in Waste Management Operations:
Managing Treatment Non-Hazardous Waste.
To achieve the award candidates must
complete eight mandatory units which include
control the reception of non-hazardous waste;
control the movement, sorting and storage of
non- hazardous wastes; monitor procedures
to control risks to health and safety; control
maintenance and other engineering
operations; and control improvements to
waste management operations. Candidates
must also complete four optional units from
four optional groups. Candidates may
complete the additional unit although this is
not a requirement for the award.
http://www.accreditedqualifi
cations.org.uk/qualification/
10022247.seo.aspx
WAMITAB Level 1
in Cleaning and
Support Services
This qualification is designed for those
providing cleaning and support services
including street cleansing services.
Candidates must complete three mandatory
units which cover maintain service delivery;
ensure your own actions reduce risks to
health and safety; and work as a member of a
team. Candidates must also complete three
optional units from a choice of seven.
http://www.accreditedqualifi
cations.org.uk/qualification/
10023227.seo.aspx
40
WAMITAB Level 1
Recycling
Operations
This new qualification will replace the
recycling options that are currently included in
the Waste Management Operations NVQ
Level 1. This qualification will be more
appropriate to recycling operatives and more
accurately reflect the scope of their job roles.
Additionally this qualification will provide a
structured development pathway for recycling
operatives which will lead to improved
motivation of staff and help to reduce the high
levels of turnover in this occupation. This new
qualification provides option routes, through a
mix of mandatory and option units, to qualify
employees in every part of this functional
area. It reflects the full range of activities and
responsibilities carried out by recycling
operatives in the public, private and
community sectors and covers the full range
of tasks that are carried out in materials
recycling and processing.
http://www.accreditedqualifi
cations.org.uk/qualification/
10061666.seo.aspx
WAMITAB Level 1
NVQ in Waste
Management
Operations
This qualification has been designed for those
working in Waste Management Operations.
To achieve the award candidates must
complete five units which cover contribute to
the maintenance of a healthy and safe
working environment; comply with emergency
procedures; work in a team; contribute to the
maintenance of the quality of the
organisation's work; and maintain effective
working relationships. Candidates must also
complete three optional units.
http://www.accreditedqualifi
cations.org.uk/qualification/
10027774.seo.aspx
WAMITAB Level 2
NVQ in Cleaning
and Support
Services (Highways
and Land)
The qualification is aimed at Street Cleaning
personnel who are required to use driver or
pedestrian controlled vehicles or other
equipments for cleansing of highways and
land. The qualifications provides flexibility in
choice of Option Units to meet the particular
requirements of the employee in accordance
with employer needs
http://www.accreditedqualifi
cations.org.uk/qualification/
10023215.seo.aspx
41
WAMITAB Level 2
Recycling
Operations
This new qualification will replace the
recycling options that are currently included in
the Waste Management Operations NVQ
Level 2. This qualification will be more
appropriate to recycling operatives and more
accurately reflect the scope of their job roles.
Additionally this qualification will provide a
structured development pathway for recycling
operatives which will lead to improved
motivation of staff and help to reduce the high
levels of turnover in this occupation. This new
qualification provides option routes, through a
mix of mandatory and option units, to qualify
employees in every part of this functional
area. It reflects the full range of activities and
responsibilities carried out by recycling
operatives in the public, private and
community sectors and the full range of tasks
that are carried out in materials recycling and
processing.
http://www.accreditedqualifi
cations.org.uk/qualification/
10061678.seo.aspx
WAMITAB Level 2
NVQ in Waste
Management
Operations
This qualification has been designed for those
working in Waste Management Operations.
To achieve the award candidates must
complete six mandatory units which cover
promote and maintain quality of the
organisations’ work; contribute to the
maintenance of a healthy and safe working
environment; develop and maintain effective
working relationships; comply with emergency
procedures; work in a team; and maintain
information systems to support work.
Candidates must also complete four optional
units.
http://www.accreditedqualifi
cations.org.uk/qualification/
10027816.seo.aspx
WAMITAB Level 3
NVQ in the
Management of
Recycling
Operations
Recycling materials is at the heart of
sustainable development policy and practice
across the UK and Europe. The recycling
industry is in a period of rapid growth and
extends from the community sector to very
large multi-national organisations with
employees in both the public/private sectors.
This new qualification covers the functions
required to ensure effective management of
recycling operations. It is suitable for those
moving into first line management posts within
this occupational area.
http://www.accreditedqualifi
cations.org.uk/qualification/
5001299X.seo.aspx
42
WAMITAB Level 3
NVQ in Waste
Management
Operations: Civic
Amenity Site
This qualification has been designed for those
working in Waste Management Operations:
Civic Amenity. To achieve the award
candidates must complete seven mandatory
units which cover control the reception of civic
amenity wastes; control the movement,
sorting and storage of civic amenity wastes;
monitor procedures to control risks to health
and safety; control work activities on a civic
amenity site; control the transfer of recovered
and waste materials from civic amenity sites;
ensure protection of the environment on civic
amenity sites; and create effective working
relationships. Candidates must also complete
one optional unit.
http://www.accreditedqualifi
cations.org.uk/qualification/
10026484.seo.aspx
WAMITAB Level 3
NVQ in Waste
Management
Operations: Closed
Landfill
This qualification has been designed for those
working in Waste Management Operations:
Closed Landfill. To achieve the award
candidates must complete seven mandatory
units which include control site operations on
closed landfill sites; control maintenance of
other engineering operations; support the
efficient use of resources; ensure protection of
the environment on closed landfill sites; and
create effective working relationships.
Candidates must also complete one optional
unit. Candidates may complete the additional
unit although this not a requirement for the
award.
http://www.accreditedqualifi
cations.org.uk/qualification/
10026496.seo.aspx
WAMITAB Level 3
NVQ in Waste
Management
Operations: Inert
Waste
This qualification has been designed for those
working in Waste Management Operations:
Inert Waste. To achieve the award candidates
must complete four mandatory units covering
risks to health and safety, control
maintenance, control improvements to waste
management operations and create effective
working relationships. Candidates must also
complete six optional units from six optional
groups. Candidates may complete the
additional unit although it is not a requirement
for the award
http://www.accreditedqualifi
cations.org.uk/qualification/
10026502.seo.aspx
WAMITAB Level 3
NVQ in Waste
Management
Supervision
This qualification has been designed for those
working in Waste Management Supervision.
To achieve the award candidates must
complete seven mandatory units which
include maintain activities to meet waste
management requirements; support the
efficient use of resources on waste
management facilities; develop and maintain
effective working relationships on waste
management facilities; lead the work of teams
and individuals to achieve objectives; manage
information for action on waste management
facilities; and ensure compliance with health
and safety protection of the environment and
other legislation. Candidates must also
complete two optional units.
http://www.accreditedqualifi
cations.org.uk/qualification/
10027828.seo.aspx
43
WAMITAB Level 4
NVQ in the
Management of
Recycling
Operations
Recycling materials is at the heart of
sustainable development policy and practice
across the UK and Europe. The recycling
industry is in a period of rapid growth and
extends from the community sector to very
large multi-national organisations with
employees in both the public and private
sectors. This new qualification covers
functions required for effective management
of medium to large recycling facilities.
http://www.accreditedqualifi
cations.org.uk/qualification/
50012988.seo.aspx
City & Guilds Level
4 NVQ in the
Management of
Recycling
Operations: Small
Scale Operations
The aim of the qualification is to provide the
candidate with recognition of their
competence in the Recycling environment
relating to the individuals job role
http://www.accreditedqualifi
cations.org.uk/qualification/
5001464X.seo.aspx
WAMITAB Level 4
NVQ in Managing
Waste Collections
Operations
This qualification has been designed for those
working in Managing Waste Collection
Operations. To achieve the award candidates
must complete ten mandatory units which
include control the collection of wastes;
ensure compliance with operating procedures;
maintain effective response to waste
collection emergencies; control working
operations for waste collection and transport;
control improvements in waste collection
operations; ensure protection of the
environment in waste collection; and
recommend, monitor and control the use of
resources on waste management facilities.
Candidates must also complete three optional
units.
http://www.accreditedqualifi
cations.org.uk/qualification/
10027841.seo.aspx
WAMITAB Level 4
NVQ in Waste
Management
Operations:
Managing
Incineration
This qualification has been designed for those
working in Waste Management Operations:
Managing Incineration. To achieve the award
candidates must complete eleven mandatory
units including the control of reception of
hazardous waste; control site operations on a
waste incineration facility; control
maintenance of other engineering operations;
control improvements to waste management
operations; and create effective working
relationships. Candidates must also complete
one optional unit. Candidates may complete
the additional unit although this is not a
requirement for the award
http://www.accreditedqualifi
cations.org.uk/qualification/
10026538.seo.aspx
44
WAMITAB Level 4
NVQ in Waste
Management
Operations:
Managing Landfill
Hazardous Waste
This qualification has been designed for those
working in Waste Management Operations:
Managing Landfill Hazardous Waste.
Candidates must complete seven mandatory
units which include monitor procedures to
control risks to health and safety; control
maintenance and other engineering
operations; control improvements to waste
management operations; and ensure
protection of the environment on landfill sites.
Candidates must also complete five optional
units from five optional groups. Candidates
may also complete the additional unit
although this not a requirement for the award.
http://www.accreditedqualifi
cations.org.uk/qualification/
1002654X.seo.aspx
WAMITAB Level 4
NVQ in Waste
Management
Operations:
Managing Landfill
Non-Hazardous
Waste
This qualification has been designed for those
working in Waste Management Operations:
Managing Landfill Non-Hazardous Waste.
Candidates must complete seven mandatory
units which include monitor procedures to
control risks to health and safety; control
maintenance and other engineering
operations; control improvements to waste
management operations; and ensure
protection of the environment on landfill sites.
Candidates must also complete five optional
units from five optional groups. Candidates
may complete the additional unit although this
is not a requirement for the award.
http://www.accreditedqualifi
cations.org.uk/qualification/
10026551.seo.aspx
WAMITAB Level 4
NVQ in Waste
Management
Operations:
Managing Transfer
Hazardous Waste
This qualification has been designed for those
working in Waste Management Operations:
Managing Transfer Hazardous Waste. To
achieve the award the candidates must
complete eight mandatory units which include
control the reception of hazardous waste;
control the movement, sorting and storage of
hazardous wastes; monitor procedures to
control risks to health and safety; control
maintenance and other engineering
operations; and control improvements to
waste management operations. Candidates
must also complete four optional units from
four optional groups. Candidates may
complete the additional unit although this is
not a requirement for the award
http://www.accreditedqualifi
cations.org.uk/qualification/
10026563.seo.aspx
45
WAMITAB Level 4
Waste
Management
Operations:
Managing Transfer
of Hazardous
Waste
This qualification has been designed for those
working in Waste Management Operations:
Managing Transfer Non-hazardous Waste. To
achieve the award candidates must complete
eight mandatory units which include control
the reception of non-hazardous waste; control
the movement, sorting and storage of nonhazardous wastes; monitor procedures to
control risks to health and safety; control
maintenance and other engineering
operations; and control improvements to
waste management operations. Candidates
must also complete four optional units from
four optional groups. Candidates may
complete the additional unit although this is
not a requirement for the award.
http://www.accreditedqualifi
cations.org.uk/qualification/
10026575.seo.aspx
WAMITAB Level 4
NVQ in Waste
Management
Operations:
Managing
Treatment
Hazardous Waste
This qualification has been designed for those
working in Waste Management Operations:
Managing Treatment Hazardous Waste. To
achieve the award candidates must complete
eight mandatory units which include control
the reception of hazardous waste; control the
movement, sorting and storage of hazardous
wastes; monitor procedures to control risks to
health and safety; control maintenance and
other engineering operations; and control
improvements to waste management
operations. Candidates must also complete
four optional units from four optional groups.
Candidates may complete the additional unit
although this not a requirement for the award.
http://www.accreditedqualifi
cations.org.uk/qualification/
10026587.seo.aspx
City & Guilds Level
4 NVQ in Waste
Management
Operations:
Managing
Treatment Non –
Hazardous Waste
This qualification has been designed for those
working in Waste Management Operations:
Managing Treatment Non-Hazardous Waste.
To achieve the award candidates must
complete eight mandatory units which include
control the reception of non-hazardous waste;
control the movement, sorting and storage of
non- hazardous wastes; monitor procedures
to control risks to health and safety; control
maintenance and other engineering
operations; and control improvements to
waste management operations. Candidates
must also complete four optional units from
four optional groups. Candidates may
complete the additional unit although this is
not a requirement for the award.
http://www.accreditedqualifi
cations.org.uk/qualification/
10022247.seo.aspx
WAMITAB Level 3
Award in the
Principles and
Practices of
Sustainable Waste
Management
The qualification aims to support the move
away from heavy reliance on landfill and
incineration within the UK, towards a culture
of resource management and efficiency
http://www.accreditedqualifi
cations.org.uk/qualification/
5001691X.seo.aspx
WAMITAB Level 4
Award in Waste
Treatment
Technologies
This is aimed at providing professionals within
the waste industry with a detailed
understanding of the practical aspects of
advanced treatment processes
http://www.accreditedqualifi
cations.org.uk/qualification/
50016921.seo.aspx
46
4.6 Data on employment and labour market trends and forecasts
Gender
The figure below shows the proportion of employees who are female within each
occupational group in the waste management industry and compares them to the
England average.
90
80
Percentage of Workforce
70
60
50
England
EU Skills
40
Electricity
Gas (Upstream)
Waste Management
30
Water
20
10
0
Managers &
Senior Officials
Professionals
Associate
Professional &
Technical
Admin &
Secretarial
Skilled Trades
Sales &
Customer
Service
Process, Plant &
Machine
Operatives
Elementary
Occupational Group
Source: Census of Population, 2001.
In general terms, there is a strong gender bias within the waste management industry,
with high concentrations of female workers in administrative and secretarial, sales and
customer service roles. Around 18% of managerial employees are female, compared to
around 34% across the UK economy. Females make up 72% of the workforce within the
administrative and secretarial occupations but only 15% of professionals and 31% of
associate professionals.
Age
The figure below shows the age profile of the workforce currently employed in the
electricity industry in England.
47
Age Profile of Workforce in the Waste Management Industry (England)
35
30
Percentage of Workforce
25
England
20
EU Skills
Electricity
Gas (Upstream)
15
Gas (Downstream)
Waste Management
Water
10
5
0
16-24
25-34
Source: Census of Population, 2001 and CORGI Register.
35-44
45-54
55-64
64+
Age Group
The waste management industry has a considerably older workforce than the UK
average.
There seems to be two main contributory factors behind the under-representation of
young people in the industry, firstly, the poor image that the industry has among this age
group leads many of them to reject it as an attractive long-term career option, and
secondly, from an employer’s perspective it can be a difficult and costly exercise in
gaining adequate insurance to cover young people working in what can be a dangerous
environment, leading them to seek a more experienced and mature employee.
It should be noted, however, that treating the waste management industry as one
homogeneous industry in terms of age profile can be misleading. For example, in some
specialist recycling and treatment operations, where the workforce is generally skewed
towards associate professional occupations, the average age of the workforce is
somewhat younger.
However, there is evidence which suggests that in some of the higher-level technical and
engineering occupations there is an issue related to the high number of workers who are
due to retire within the next 10-to-15 years, and for whom replacements may be difficult to
find in sufficient numbers.
The future
Forecasts made by Oxford Economics suggest that around 9,000 new workers per year
will be required by the waste management industry between 2008 and 2017 and that 16%
of these will be graduates.
The main source of this demand for new workers is the recycling industry. With landfill
coming to an end, and significant advances being made in alternative waste disposal
methods (e.g. recycling, incineration, energy from waste, etc.), new workers will be
needed to design, operate and maintain these facilities. Although many of the new jobs
will not require graduate-level skills, there will be strong demand for people with science
and environmental skills and knowledge.
48
The occupations where demand for new recruits will be largest include:
 Kerb-side Collector
(Level 2)
Essentially a manual handling role and part of a collection team.

Sorter, Picker, Refurbisher
(Level 2)
This is normally a manual occupation and involves the abstraction of selected
materials from mixed waste.

Refuse/ Recycling Collection Drivers
(Level 3)
Manages safely and effectively the on-site operation of the refuse collection
vehicle and crew.

Environmental Technicians
(Level 4)
This specialist role involves the sampling, testing and analysis of materials on
sites that do or may present a hazard risk.

Mechanical/ Instrumentation/ Electrical Engineers
(Level 3)
Responsible for the installation, checking and repair of electrical and electronic
systems
4.7 Skill shortages
The main skill shortages that exist in the waste management industry at the moment are
for:
 Logistics managers
 Environmental scientists, technicians and engineers
 Electrical fitters and engineers
 Mechanical engineers
Due to the lack of graduates and other suitably skilled people looking for employment
opportunities in waste management and recycling industry and the significant levels of
research and development activity that the industry is undertaking in terms of identifying
new methods to dispose of waste materials it is highly unlikely that these skills shortages
will be resolved any time soon.
These skills shortages are particularly severe at the moment due to (i) the age profile of
the existing workforce means that many workers will retire over the next ten years and (ii)
the workforce requirements of the 30-year iron gas mains replacement programme which
started in 2002.
4.8 Information on opportunities for adults changing career direction
The best way to start a career in the industry is to apply to an employer; these include your
Local Authority and private waste management companies. An employer may then support
you with the relevant training such as S/NVQ. Entry requirements to jobs in the waste
management industry range from no formal qualifications, through to Higher National
Certificates (HNCs) and Degrees.
4.9 Information on points of entry or transfer into a sector from another area sector.
This area has been covered in the section above in terms of accessing the sector etc
49
4.10 Job profiles
Energy & Utility Skills hold the details of the following roles in the careers section of the
website:
Position
Recycling Officer
Recycling Operative
Refuse Operative
Waste Management Operative
Transfer Station Labourer
Energy from Waste Engineer
Environmental Engineer
Landfill Gas Technician
Energy from Waste Plant
Operator
Link to information
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=236
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=237
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=238
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=239
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=240
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/waste-management-jobprofiles/energy-from-waste-engineer/
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/waste-management-jobprofiles/environmental-engineer/
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/waste-management-jobprofiles/landfill-gas-technician/
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/waste-management-jobprofiles/energy-from-waste-plant-operator/
4.11 Case studies
Person
David Beadle
– Managing
Director
Jason Bratt –
Recycling
Operative
Andy Firman –
Managing
Director
Anna Wardell Waste Policy &
Promotions
Manager
Becca Silver –
Refuse
Operative
Employer
Norfolk
Environmental
Waste Services
Newport Waste
savers
Link to information
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=298
AJF Waste
Management
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=296
Bromsgrove
District Council
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=287
Cardiff City
Council
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=285
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=290
4.12 FAQs
The majority of enquiries that come in to Energy & Utility Skills are processed by our
Business Support function. Each member of the team has a portfolio of information which
contains information designed to answer incoming enquiries. Common questions are
listed below:
Q) What Apprenticeships are available in the Waste Sector?
A) There are no Apprenticeship schemes currently available – however Energy & Utility
Skills will be launching the Waste Management Apprenticeship (working title) in
September 2010. For further information please contact Helen White, Apprenticeship
Manager on 0845 0777034 or helen.white@euskills.co.uk
Q) Who is Streetsafe Sam?
A) A series of interactive Health and Safety CDs have been designed to raise awareness of
the potential hazards faced whilst working in the waste management industry. The programme
features a character called Streetsafe Sam and is designed to show the dangers encountered
within the sector. The CD's are being produced in partnership with ESA, other stakeholders,
50
and a Working Group of representatives from waste management companies. Further details
on this excellent initiative can be found at
http://www.euskills.co.uk/waste/index.php?pageID=91
Q) What Schemes are available in the Waste industry?
Energy & Utility Skills runs the following scheme:
 SHEA (Waste Management)
4.13 Sources of additional information, web-links etc
Further information on Apprenticeships can be obtained from
http://www.apprenticeships.org.uk/Be-An-Apprentice/Other-Questions.aspx and
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=211
A comprehensive list of careers links can be found at
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=214
This list contains other external sources such as Connexions etc and covers all nations
(England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland). Other companies include:









Chartered Institute of Waste Management (CIWM)
Chartered Institute of Water and Environmental Management (CIWEM)
Environmental Services Association (ESA)
Local Authority Recycling Advisory Committee (LARAC)
Wastewatch
Waste Recycling Group (WRG)
Environment Agency
Waste Management Industry Training & Advisory Board (WAMITAB)
Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA)
4.14 Waste Management – Regional Information
4.14.1 Waste Management – East Midlands
In total, some 13,500 people are employed within the waste management industry in the
East Midlands region in approximately 560 companies.
Industry
Employees
Business Units
13,500
560
Waste Management
The age and gender profiles of the waste management workforce in the East Midlands
are very similar to those seen across England as a whole.
The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in the East Midlands’ waste
management workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.
2.15.2 Waste Management – East of England
In total, some 7,000 people are employed within the waste management industry in the
East of England region in approximately 590 companies.
Industry
Employees
Business Units
7,000
590
Waste Management
The age and gender profiles of the waste management workforce in the East of England
are very similar to those seen across England as a whole.
The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in the East of England’s waste
management workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.
2.15.3 Waste Management – London
51
In total, some 15,500 people are employed within the waste management industry in the
London region in approximately 460 companies.
Industry
Employees
Business Units
15,500
460
Waste Management
The age and gender profiles of the waste management workforce in London are very
similar to those seen across England as a whole.
The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in London‘s waste management
workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.
2.15.4 Waste Management – North East
In total, some 7,000 people are employed within the waste management industry in the
North East region in a very small number of companies.
Industry
Employees
Business Units
7,000
210
Waste Management
The age and gender profiles of the waste management workforce in the North East are
very similar to those seen across England as a whole.
The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in the North East’s waste
management workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.
2.15.5 Waste Management – North West
In total, some 17,500 people are employed within the waste management industry in the
North West region in approximately 750 companies.
Industry
Employees
Business Units
17,500
750
Waste Management
The age and gender profiles of the waste management workforce in the North West are
very similar to those seen across England as a whole.
The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in the North West‘s waste
management workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.
2.15.6 Waste Management – South East
In total, some 17,500 people are employed within the waste management industry in the
South East region in approximately 650 companies.
Industry
Employees
Business Units
17,500
650
Waste Management
The age and gender profiles of the waste management workforce in the South East are
very similar to those seen across England as a whole.
The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in the South East‘s waste
management workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.
2.15.7 Waste Management – South West
In total, some 10,000 people are employed within the waste management industry in the
South West region in approximately 490 companies.
Industry
Employees
Business Units
10,000
490
Waste Management
52
The age and gender profiles of the waste management workforce in the South West are
very similar to those seen across England as a whole.
The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in the South West‘s waste
management workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.
2.15.8 Waste Management – West Midlands
In total, some 12,000 people are employed within the waste management industry in the
West Midlands region in approximately 620 companies.
Industry
Employees
Business Units
12,000
620
Waste Management
The age and gender profiles of the waste management workforce in the West Midlands
are very similar to those seen across England as a whole.
The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in the West Midlands’ waste
management workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.
2.15.9 Waste Management – Yorkshire and the Humber
In total, some 10,000 people are employed within the waste management industry in the
Yorkshire and Humber region in approximately 620 companies.
Industry
Employees
Business Units
10,000
620
Waste Management
The age and gender profiles of the waste management workforce in Yorkshire and
Humber are very similar to those seen across England as a whole.
The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in Yorkshire and Humber‘s
waste management workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a
whole.
53
5. Water
5.1 A brief description of what the sub-sector covers at UK level
The water industry is made up of the regulated water utility companies, non-regulated
subsidiary water utility companies (e.g. involved in construction, engineering, consultancy,
laboratory services, etc.) and the supply chain (e.g. contractors, manufacturers, suppliers,
etc.). Together they are responsible for the supply of clean water to customers up to and
including the internal stop valve on the customers’ property and the collection and treatment
of waste water (collected through both public sewers and private drains).
Other relevant aspects of the industry include steam and hot water supply and construction of
water projects (e.g. marinas, dams, etc.).
The number of people employed across the sector and in each industry is shown in the table
below:
UK
England
Water
166,500
139,500
Water Companies and Utilities (Regulated)
37,000
28,500
Support Services - Consultants
15,000
12,500
- Contractors
30,000
23,500
- Plant/Equipment
30,000
25,500
Regulators
6,000
4,000
Others
14,000
12,500
Water Utilities Owned
28,000
27,500
(non-Regulated)
Estimated Additional Self-Employed
6,500
5,500
Source: Energy & Utility Skills Labour Market Investigation of the UK Water Industry, 2004
NOTE: The totals of some rows and columns may not add up to 100% due to rounding.
* Denotes numbers are suppressed to maintain confidentiality.
5.2 Information on careers available and new emerging jobs, transferability of skills
career paths and opportunities for progression
Overall, roles in the sector tend to fall into 4 categories:
 Plant Operative
 Technician/Supervisor
 Higher Technician and Management
 Specialist Professional
As the individual becomes more qualified and experienced there will be plenty of opportunities to
develop their career. Many of the jobs in the water industry are highly skilled and are in huge
demand in a wide range of engineering, science and technology based industries. There is an
increasing need for skilled people to work in UK engineering and technology businesses in order for
the UK to compete successfully in the world economy.
The training and jobs are covered on a leaflet which can found at:
http://www.euskills.co.uk/download.php?id=501
Details of sector progression can be obtained at the following links:
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=344
http://www.euskills.co.uk/download.php?id=501
Energy & Utility Skills are also currently involved in the development of Diplomas.
A Diploma is a new English qualification aiming to provide young people (14-19) with the skills
and knowledge they need to progress into employment, training or further and higher
education. The Diplomas are being introduced in September 2008, and all young people
should have access to them from September 2013. For further details please visit the link
below:
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=205
54
5.3 Information on pay scales in the sector
Starting salaries for young people and graduates entering the water industry range from
£16,000 to £25,000. Upon completion of training these salaries can increase to between
£26,000 and £40,000, depending upon the occupation.
Average basic salaries (excluding overtime and bonuses) for a selection of occupations
found in the water industry include:
Civil Engineer
£38,000
Mechanical Engineer
£35,000
Salaries can vary between employers and locations within the UK.
5.4 Information on entry requirements, application processes (e.g. Apprenticeships)
Entry requirements to jobs in the water industry range from no formal qualifications through to
Higher National Certificates (HNCs) and Degrees. Some companies offer Apprenticeships, which
are a great opportunity to achieve a nationally recognised qualification, gain work experience and
develop transferable skills. Training is usually provided on the job, under the supervision of
experienced staff. Some companies offer Apprenticeships, which are a great opportunity to achieve
a nationally recognised qualification, gain work experience and develop transferable skills.
Details of entry requirements and starting a career in the Sector can be found at the
following links:
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=341
http://www.euskills.co.uk/download.php?id=501
A list of companies providing Apprenticeships in the Sector can be found at the following
link: http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=211
5.5 Qualifications
Title of Qualification
CABWI Level 1
Network Construction
Operations (Water)
Summary of Qualification
This NVQ is designed to provide a route to
qualification for individuals working as assistant
operatives on the water distribution network,
undertaking activities related to mainlaying and
servicelaying. They assist with construction operations
on the water network, which involves contributing to
the location and avoidance of utilities apparatus and
sub-structures, assisting with excavations and
network construction operations, including the
assembly of components, jointing of pipes and
operation of powered equipment. Throughout these
activities, candidates are expected to ensure that they
follow safe working practices and contribute to health,
safety and environment in the workplace, including
hygiene.
55
Link
http://www.accredited
qualifications.org.uk/q
ualification/50015758
.seo.aspx
CABWI Level 2 NVQ in
Distribution Control
This qualification has been designed for those working
in Distribution Control. To achieve the award
candidates must complete four mandatory units which
cover operate safely on the distribution network;
address and resolve customers' utility-related
enquiries; carry out valve operations on the
distribution network; and determine the exact location
of water loss (acoustic listening techniques).
Candidates must also complete three optional units
from a choice of five.
http://www.accredited
qualifications.org.uk/q
ualification/10024864
.seo.aspx
CABWI Level 2 in
Leakage Detection
The Level 2 NVQ in Leakage Detection is designed to
allow candidates working in water leakage detection
to demonstrate their operational competence in the
workplace. This covers a specific job role, whose
focus is to identify the location of leaks on the water
supply network, so that water companies and their
contractors can work to minimise the amount of water
lost from the supply. For a full NVQ, the candidate
must achieve four mandatory units, which cover
reducing risks to health and safety, assessing the
configuration of a metered area of the water network,
tracing the route of water pipes and locating surface
fittings, and determining the location of water loss.
http://www.accredited
qualifications.org.uk/q
ualification/50036142
.seo.aspx
CABWI Level 2 NVQ in
Network Construction
Operations: Mainlaying
(Water)
The NVQ is designed for candidates working as
operatives on the water network, who undertake
mainlaying activities. This involves location and
avoidance of underground apparatus, signing and
guarding the work site, excavation, polyethylene pipe
jointing on water mains, installation of products and
assets, and replacement of components on water
mains. Candidates must be able to operate powered
tools and equipment, and must follow safe working
practices throughout their activities, while contributing
to health, safety, environment and hygiene in the
workplace. Candidates may also select from a variety
of optional units, covering both technical and soft
skills, as appropriate to their job role, to complement
the mandatory requirements of the award.
http://www.accredited
qualifications.org.uk/q
ualification/5001593X
.seo.aspx
CABWI Level 2 NVQ in
Network Construction
Operations:
Servicelaying (Water)
The NVQ is designed for candidates working as
operatives on the water network, who undertake
servicelaying activities. This involves location and
avoidance of underground apparatus, signing and
guarding the work site, excavation, installation of
products and assets, and replacement of components
on water services. Candidates must be able to
operate powered tools and equipment, and must
follow safe working practices throughout their
activities, while contributing to health, safety,
environment and hygiene in the workplace.
Candidates may also select from a variety of optional
units, covering both technical and soft skills, as
appropriate to their job role, to complement the
mandatory requirements of the Level 2 NVQ in
Network Construction Operations (Water)
(Servicelaying).
http://www.accredited
qualifications.org.uk/q
ualification/50015928
.seo.aspx
56
CABWI Level 2 NVQ in
Operating Process
Plant: Sludge
This NVQ is designed to allow candidates working in
sludge treatment operations to demonstrate their
operational competence in the workplace. The award
has two core mandatory units, covering Health &
Safety in the working environment and developing
productive working relationships. They must
undertake three mandatory units, covering sampling,
testing, and receiving and storing sludge for
processing, and will then select one unit in
maintaining the quality of sludge treatment operations,
according to the size of treatment plant and number
and complexity of treatment processes in which they
are involved. To complete a full award, candidates
must select one further unit, covering either the use of
chemicals and reagents or plant and equipment
maintenance.
http://www.accredited
qualifications.org.uk/q
ualification/50029034
.seo.aspx
CABWI Level 2 NVQ in
Operating Process
Plant: Waste Water
This NVQ is designed to allow candidates working in
waste water treatment operations to demonstrate their
operational competence in the workplace. The award
has two core mandatory units, covering Health &
Safety in the working environment and developing
productive working relationships. They must
undertake three mandatory units, covering sampling,
testing, and the plant and equipment maintenance,
and will then select one unit in maintaining the quality
of waste water treatment operations, according to the
size of treatment plant and number and complexity of
treatment processes in which they are involved. To
complete a full award, candidates must select one
further unit, covering either the use of chemicals and
reagents or receiving and storing sludge for
processing.
http://www.accredited
qualifications.org.uk/q
ualification/50028741
.seo.aspx
CABWI Level 2 NVQ in
Operating Process
Plant: Water
This NVQ is designed to allow candidates working in
water treatment operations to demonstrate their
operational competence in the workplace. The award
has two core mandatory units, covering Health &
Safety in the working environment and developing
productive working relationships. They must
undertake three mandatory units, covering sampling,
testing, and the use of chemicals and reagents, and
will then select one unit in maintaining the quality of
water treatment operations, according to the size of
treatment plant and number and complexity of
treatment processes in which they are involved. To
complete a full award, candidates must select one
further unit.
http://www.accredited
qualifications.org.uk/q
ualification/50029046
.seo.aspx
CABWI Level 2 Utilities
Control Centre
Operations
This qualification has been designed for those working
in Utilities Control Centre Operations. To achieve the
award candidates must complete three mandatory
units which cover co-ordinate communications for
operational activities on utility networks and assets;
contribute to the handling of incidents and resources;
and contribute to an effective and safe working
environment. Candidates must also complete one
optional unit from each of the optional groups.
http://www.accredited
qualifications.org.uk/q
ualification/10015917
.seo.aspx
57
CABWI Level 2 NVQ in
Utilities Metering
Operations
This qualification is designed for those working in
Utilities Metering Operations. Candidates are required
to complete two mandatory units which cover: ensure
your own actions reduce risks to health and safety:
and solve problems for customers. Candidates must
also complete three optional units from two optional
groups, one of which must be taken from Group B1.
Group B1 contains units which cover: carry out meter
reading activities; remove install and commission
meters; and conduct metering surveys. Group B2
contains rectify minor metering installation defects;
and conduct ancillary operations for metering
purposes.
http://www.accredited
qualifications.org.uk/q
ualification/Q1053270
.seo.aspx
CABWI Level 3 NVQ in
Controlling Process
Operations
The NVQ is designed for candidates who work as
technical supervisory personnel within the water,
waste water or sludge treatment industries. The award
covers the skills required to ensure that the treatment
processes and the performance of related assets and
equipment are monitored and maintained to suitable
standards in a highly regulated industry.
http://www.accredited
qualifications.org.uk/q
ualification/50036440
.seo.aspx
CABWI Level 3 NVQ in
Leakage Control
This qualification is designed for those working in
operational leakage control activities on the water
supply network. Candidates must complete five
mandatory units which cover reducing risks to health
and safety; determining leakage detection methods
and techniques in response to water loss;
programming, deploying and collecting data from
data-logging equipment; evaluating data to identify
potential leakage; and using and confirming the
performance of measuring equipment on the
distribution network. They must also achieve one
optional unit from a choice of four, subject to the
activities that they cover in their workplace. This could
cover technical activities such as step-testing or
establishing the integrity of a discrete area on the
distribution network, the supervisory skills needed to
provide leadership for their team, or the customer
service skills required to resolve leakage-related
issues with customers.
http://www.accredited
qualifications.org.uk/q
ualification/50036270
.seo.aspx
CABWI Level 3 NVQ in
Maintain Water Supply
(Network)
Need to contact the Awarding Body (CABWI) directly
for details on this qualification
http://www.accredited
qualifications.org.uk/q
ualification/10033828
.seo.aspx
CABWI Level 3 NVQ in
Managing & Controlling
Process Operations
The NVQ is designed for candidates who work as
supervisors or managers within the water, waste
water or sludge treatment industries. The award
covers the skills required to ensure that the treatment
processes and the performance of related assets and
equipment are monitored and maintained to suitable
standards in a highly regulated industry. It also covers
the management skills required to provide leadership
for a team, and to allocate and monitor the progress of
the work for which the candidate has responsibility.
http://www.accredited
qualifications.org.uk/q
ualification/50036282
.seo.aspx
58
CABWI Level 3 NVQ in
Network Construction
Operations (Water)
The NVQ is designed for candidates who supervise or
manage construction operations on on the water
network (either mainlaying, servicelaying or both).
Mandatory activities for a full award include: carrying
out operational risk assessments and planning for
network construction activities; ensuring that their own
actions reduce risks to Health and Safety and aim to
protect the environment; implementing water network
installation and construction methods and procedures,
and monitoring the installation and construction
process; locating and avoiding underground
apparatus; and monitoring signing, lighting and
guarding and excavation activities in the highway.
http://www.accredited
qualifications.org.uk/q
ualification/50015746
.seo.aspx
CABWI Level 4 NVQ in
Utilities Network
Planning and
Management
This qualification has been designed for those working
in Utilities Network Planning and Management,
seeking to optimise the performance of utilities
networks. To achieve the award candidates must
complete six mandatory units which include develop a
strategy for operating, maintaining and developing the
utility network and assets; evaluate and determine
options for operating, maintaining and developing the
utility network and assets; plan and implement
operational, maintenance and development activities
on the utility network and assets. Candidates must
also complete one unit from each of the two optional
groups.
http://www.accredited
qualifications.org.uk/q
ualification/1002301X
.seo.aspx
City & Guilds Level 2
Award in Water
Engineering (Sludge
Works) (QCF)*
This specific and specialist Award for the water sector
(Sludge) is unique to water sector
engineers/operatives primarily working for water
sector utility companies and their contractors
nationwide, as well as covering the main job roles and
tasks, this qualification also caters for and covers
matters of water health and safety situations.
Learners have to cover incidents and water related
issues that require rapid determination of factors that
culminate in rapid actions to minimise the risk to life.
http://www.accredited
qualifications.org.uk/q
ualification/50034571
.seo.aspx
City & Guilds Level 2
Award in Water
Engineering (Waste
Water – Simple Works)
(QCF)*
This is a specific and specialist Award for the water
sector and is unique to water sector
engineers/operatives primarily working for water
sector utility companies and their contractors
nationwide, as well as covering the main job roles and
tasks, this qualification also caters for and covers
matters of critical water health and safety situations.
They have to cover incidents and water related issues
that require rapid determination of factors that can
relate to health and safety as well as environmental
factors, culminating in rapid actions to minimise the
risk to life.
http://www.accredited
qualifications.org.uk/q
ualification/50033918
.seo.aspx
59
City & Guilds Level 2
Award in Water
Engineering (Medium
Works) (QCF)*
This specific and specialist Award for the water sector
is unique to water sector engineers/operatives
primarily working for water sector utility companies
and their contractors nationwide, as well as covering
the main job roles and tasks, this qualification also
caters for and covers matters of water health and
safety situations.
http://www.accredited
qualifications.org.uk/q
ualification/5003442X
.seo.aspx
Learners have to cover incidents and water related
issues that require rapid determination of factors that
culminate in rapid actions to minimise the risk to life.
City & Guilds Level 2
Award in Water
Engineering (Simple
Works) (QCF)*
This very specific and specialist Certificate with for the
water sector is unique to water sector
engineers/operatives primarily working for water
sector utility companies and their contractors
nationwide, as well as covering the main job roles and
tasks, this qualification also caters for and covers
matters of water health and safety situations.
Learners have to cover incidents and water related
issues that require rapid determination of factors that
culminate in rapid actions to minimise the risk to life.
http://www.accredited
qualifications.org.uk/q
ualification/5003392X
.seo.aspx
City & Guilds Level 2
Certificate for Water
Sector Competent
Operator – Sludge
Complex Works (QCF)*
The aim and purpose of this qualification is to provide
a competence based qualification that links directly
with the water sector registration passport scheme
that allows all water sector operatives to work legally.
All units are based on current NOS and NVQ units.
This qualification also allows evidence from other
Water QCF awards and certificates to be used as
progression or evidence towards gaining these
competence based QCF qualifications.
http://www.accredited
qualifications.org.uk/q
ualification/50036129
.seo.aspx
City & Guilds Level 2
Certificate for Water
Sector Competent
Operator – Sludge
Simple Works (QCF)*
The aim and purpose of this qualification is to provide
a competence based qualification that links directly
with the water sector registration passport scheme
that allows all water sector operatives to work legally.
All units are based on current NOS and NVQ units.
This qualification also allows evidence from other
Water QCF awards and certificates to be used as
progression or evidence towards gaining these
competence based QCF qualifications.
http://www.accredited
qualifications.org.uk/q
ualification/50035447
.seo.aspx
City & Guilds Level 2
Certificate for Water
Sector Competent
Operator – Water
Complex Works (QCF)*
The aim and purpose of this qualification is to provide
a competence based qualification that links directly
with the water sector registration passport scheme
that allows all water sector operatives to work legally.
All units are based on current NOS and NVQ units.
This qualification also allows evidence from other
Water QCF awards and certificates to be used as
progression or evidence towards gaining these
competence based QCF qualifications
http://www.accredited
qualifications.org.uk/q
ualification/50035484
.seo.aspx
City & Guilds Level 2
Certificate for Water
Sector Competent
Operator – Water
Medium Works (QCF)*
The aim and purpose of this qualification is to provide
a competence based qualification that links directly
with the water sector registration passport scheme
that allows all water sector operatives to work legally.
All units are based on current NOS and NVQ units.
This qualification also allows evidence from other
Water QCF awards and certificates.
http://www.accredited
qualifications.org.uk/q
ualification/50035460
.seo.aspx
60
City & Guilds Level 2
Certificate for Water
Sector Competent
Operator – Water
Simple Works (QCF)*
The aim and purpose of this qualification is to provide
a competence based qualification that links directly
with the water sector registration passport scheme
that allows all water sector operatives to work legally.
All units are based on current NOS and NVQ units.
This qualification also allows evidence from other
Water QCF awards and certificates to be used as
progression or evidence towards gaining these
competence based QCF qualifications.
http://www.accredited
qualifications.org.uk/q
ualification/50035411
.seo.aspx
City & Guilds Level 2
Certificate in Water
Engineering (QCF)*
This qualification will provide assessment and
certification for water industry employees that
underpin the knowledge requirements of the Level 2
NVQs in the water sector and provides a Vocationally
Related Qualification-VRQ for the Water Sector
Apprenticeship framework at this level.
This certificate will qualify water sector employees in
the following pathway (endorsed) routes:
1. Water Networks (Network Construction Operations)
2. Water Networks (Leakage)
3. Water Networks (Distribution Control)
4. Water Supply Operations
5. Waste Water Operations
http://www.accredited
qualifications.org.uk/q
ualification/50016982
.seo.aspx
City & Guilds Level 2
Certificate in Water
Engineering (Complex
Works) (QCF)*
For Water/Waste Water Operatives: In Complex
Works
http://www.accredited
qualifications.org.uk/q
ualification/50035290
.seo.aspx
City & Guilds Level 2
Certificate in Water
Engineering (Medium
Works) (QCF)*
The main purpose and aim of this qualification is to
provide the water sector with a recognised accredited
national qualification for this specific area of the sector
at this level (QCF).
This very specific and specialist Certificate for the
water sector is unique to water sector
engineers/operatives primarily working for water
sector utility companies and their contractors
nationwide, as well as covering the main job roles and
tasks, this qualification also caters for and covers
matters of critical water health and safety situations.
Learners have to cover incidents and water related
issues that require rapid determination of factors that
can relate to life and death situations, culminating in
rapid actions to minimise the risk to life.
http://www.accredited
qualifications.org.uk/q
ualification/50036257
.seo.aspx
This Qualification Provides a Level 2 Certificate for
Water processing workers in the water sector for
medium works in two pathways:
1. Waste Water
2. Water
City & Guilds Level 2
Certificate in Water
Engineering (Simple
Works) (QCF)*
This very specific and specialist Certificate with
endorsed pathways for the water sector and is unique
to water sector engineers/operatives primarily working
for water sector utility companies and their contractors
nationwide, as well as covering the main job roles and
tasks, these qualifications also cater for and cover
matters of critical water health and safety situations.
They have to cover incidents and water related issues
that require rapid determination of factors that can
relate to life and death situations, culminating in rapid
actions to minimise the risk to life.
61
http://www.accredited
qualifications.org.uk/q
ualification/50034820
.seo.aspx
City & Guilds Level 2
Diploma for Water
Sector Competent
Operator – Sludge
Complex Works (QCF)*
The aim and purpose of this qualification is to provide
a competence based qualification that links directly
with the water sector registration passport scheme
that allows all water sector operatives to work legally.
All units are based on current NOS and NVQ units.
This qualification also allows evidence from other
Water QCF awards and certificates to be used as
progression or evidence towards gaining these
competence based QCF qualifications.
http://www.accredited
qualifications.org.uk/q
ualification/50036117
.seo.aspx
City & Guilds Level 2
Diploma for Water
Sector Competent
Operator – Waste
Water Complex Works
(QCF)*
The aim and purpose of this qualification is to provide
a competence based qualification that links directly
with the water sector registration passport scheme
that allows all water sector operatives to work legally.
All units are based on current NOS and NVQ units.
This qualification also allows evidence from other
Water QCF awards and certificates to be used as
progression or evidence towards gaining these
competence based QCF qualifications.
http://www.accredited
qualifications.org.uk/q
ualification/50035381
.seo.aspx
City & Guilds Level 2
Diploma for Water
Sector Competent
Operator – Waste
Water Simple Works
(QCF)*
The aim and purpose of this qualification is to provide
a competence based qualification that links directly
with the water sector registration passport scheme
that allows all water sector operatives to work legally.
All units are based on current NOS and NVQ units.
This qualification also allows evidence from other
Water QCF awards and certificates to be used as
progression or evidence towards gaining these
competence based QCF qualifications.
http://www.accredited
qualifications.org.uk/q
ualification/50035393
.seo.aspx
City & Guilds Level 2
Diploma for Water
Sector Competent
Operator – Water
Complex Works (QCF)*
The aim and purpose of this qualification is to provide
a competence based qualification that links directly
with the water sector registration passport scheme
that allows all water sector operatives to work legally.
All units are based on current NOS and NVQ units.
This qualification also allows evidence from other
Water QCF awards and certificates to be used as
progression or evidence towards gaining these
competence based QCF qualifications.
http://www.accredited
qualifications.org.uk/q
ualification/50035381
.seo.aspx
City & Guilds Level 2
Diploma for Water
Sector Competent
Operator – Water
Medium Works (QCF)*
The aim and purpose of this qualification is to provide
a competence based qualification that links directly
with the water sector registration passport scheme
that allows all water sector operatives to work legally.
All units are based on current NOS and NVQ units.
This qualification also allows evidence from other
Water QCF awards and certificates to be used as
progression or evidence towards gaining these
competence based QCF qualifications.
http://www.accredited
qualifications.org.uk/q
ualification/5003540X
.seo.aspx
62
City & Guilds Level 3
Diploma in Water
Engineering (QCF)*
This qualification will provide assessment and
certification for water industry employees that
underpin the knowledge requirements of NVQs in the
water sector and provides a Vocationally Related
Qualification for the Water Sector Apprenticeship
framework.
http://www.accredited
qualifications.org.uk/q
ualification/50016556
.seo.aspx
This diploma will qualify water sector employees in the
following pathway (endorsed) routes:
1. Waste Water Treatment Operations
2. Water Treatment Operations
3. Water Network
4. Sewerage
* for details on the QCF please refer to
http://www.euskills.co.uk/water/index.php?pageID=464
5.6 Data on employment and labour market trends and forecasts
Gender
The figure below shows the proportion of employees who are female within each
occupational group in the water industry and compares them to the England average.
90
80
Percentage of Workforce
70
60
50
England
EU Skills
40
Electricity
Gas (Upstream)
Waste Management
30
Water
20
10
0
Managers &
Senior Officials
Professionals
Associate
Professional &
Technical
Admin &
Secretarial
Skilled Trades
Sales &
Customer
Service
Process, Plant &
Machine
Operatives
Elementary
Occupational Group
Source: Census of Population, 2001.
In general terms, there is a strong gender bias within the water industry, with high
concentrations of female workers in administrative and secretarial, sales and customer
service roles. Around 21% of managerial employees are female, compared to around
34% across the UK economy. Females make up 70% of the workforce within the
administrative and secretarial occupations but only 18% of professionals and 22% of
associate professionals.
63
Age
The figure below shows the age profile of the workforce currently employed in the
electricity industry in England.
Age Profile of Workforce in the Water Industry (England)
35
30
Percentage of Workforce
25
England
20
EU Skills
Electricity
Gas (Upstream)
15
Gas (Downstream)
Waste Management
Water
10
5
0
16-24
25-34
Source: Census of Population, 2001 and CORGI Register.
35-44
45-54
55-64
64+
Age Group
The water industry employs relatively few 16-24 year-olds and a higher proportion of 3554 year-olds. The reason for this is likely to be the industry’s relatively high need for
managers, professionals and associate professionals.
However, there is evidence which suggests that in some of the higher-level technical and
engineering occupations there is an issue related to the high number of workers who are
due to retire within the next 10-to-15 years, and for whom replacements may be difficult to
find in sufficient numbers.
The future
The asset owning water companies are primarily responsible for operating, maintaining
and constructing the water and wastewater plants and networks. They are supported
significantly in maintenance and construction areas by consultants and contractors.
Consequently across the industry is significant demand for STEM based skills.
The water industry continues to contract-out major elements of its activities and so is
becoming increasingly reliant upon the supply chain. This is being driven by the need to
achieve cost savings for customers.
The industry will remain subject to continued high levels of capital investment in order to
meet the needs of ever more stringent environmental pressures. The industry recognises
its significant role in maintaining a sustainable environment and it will need to develop
new and innovative working practices if it is to operate in a more sustainable and carbon
neutral manner - this will place an even greater demand for STEM skills (science,
technology, engineering and maths), particularly at higher levels.
Investment in the water and sewerage infrastructure will continue to be a major driver of
labour demand in the water industry over the next decade and beyond.
64
Forecasts made by Oxford Economics suggest that around 3,000 new workers per year
will be required by the water industry between 2008 and 2017 and that 31% of these will
be graduates.
The occupations where demand for new recruits will be largest include:
 Network Construction Operatives2
(Level 2)
Assist with construction activities relating to mainlaying and servicelaying.

Network/ Process Technician
(Level 3)
Responsible for the day-to-day operation and optimisation of treatment
processes.

Mechanical/ Electrical Technicians
(Level 3)
Responsible for installing, maintaining, fault finding and calibrating a wide range
of electrical plant, control systems and instrumentation.

Leakage Technician
(Level 3)
Undertakes leakage detection on water mains networks.

Incorporated and Chartered Engineers
(Levels 4&5)
Design overall schemes, such as sewer improvement schemes or flood defence
programmes, and associated structures such as pumping stations, pipework and
earthworks.
5.7 Skill shortages
The main skill shortages that exist in the water industry at the moment are for:
 Network Construction Operatives
 Mechanical Technicians
 Electricians
 Leakage Control Technicians
 Design Engineers
 Incorporated and Chartered Engineers
Due to the lack of graduates and other suitably skilled people looking for employment
opportunities in the water it is unlikely that these shortages will be resolved any time soon
and will affect the supply chain (contractors, consultancies, etc) just as much as the water
companies.
These skills shortages are particularly severe at the moment due to (i) the age profile of
the existing workforce means that many workers will retire over the next ten years and (ii)
the workforce requirements of the major mains replacement programmes and continued
efforts to reduce leakage rates.
Also, the water industry is under continued pressure to operate in a more sustainable and
carbon-neutral manner, not least because of evermore stringent environmental
regulations. Therefore, individuals with good STEM (science, technology, engineering
and maths) skills are key to the future of the water industry.
5.8 Information on opportunities for adults changing career direction
The best way in to the water industry is to apply to an employer directly and secure
employment or work experience with them. Many water companies use contractors or
consultants to undertake work on their behalf. Entry requirements range from no formal
qualifications through to Higher National Certificates (HNCs) and Degrees.
2
Mains and Service Layers, Network District Inspector, Leakage Inspector, Trunk Mains Inspector
65
The following websites will provide additional information on employers and contractors in
the water industry:
Water UK – www.water.org.uk
Society of British Water and Wastewater Industries – www.sbwwi.co.uk
Additional information can be found on a handout by using the following link:
http://www.euskills.co.uk/download.php?id=501
5.9 Information on points of entry or transfer into a sector from another area sector.
Entry requirements range from no formal qualifications through to Higher National
Certificates (HNCs) and Degrees. Some companies offer Apprenticeships, which are an
excellent opportunity to achieve a nationally recognised qualification and gain work
experience at the same time. Training will normally be supplied by an experienced worker
on the job.
The following link provides details on entry requirements to the sector
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=341
5.10 Job profiles
Position
Leakage Operative
Sewerage Operative
Water Network Operative
Water Quality Sampling Officer
Environmental Technician
Mechanical Technician
Link to information
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=242
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=243
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=244
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/water-job-profiles/waterquality-sampling-officer/
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/water-jobprofiles/environmental-technician/
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/water-jobprofiles/mechanical-technician/
5.11 Case studies
Person
Hannah Barratt Apprentice
Neil Legowski Apprentice
Scott Clavering –
Apprentice
Leakage Field
Technician
Jane Youding –
Scientist
Employer
Severn Trent
Link to information
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=292
Scottish Water
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=409
Scottish Water
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/index.php?pageID=286
Wessex Water
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/a-day-in-the-life-of/casestudies/jane-youdan-wessex-water/
Sam Payne –
Trainee
Engineering
Technician
Bristol Water
http://www.euskills.co.uk/careers/a-day-in-the-life-of/casestudies/sam-payne-bristol-water/
66
5.12 FAQs
The majority of enquiries that come in to Energy & Utility Skills are processed by our
Business Support function. Each member of the team has a portfolio of information which
contains information designed to answer incoming enquiries. Details of the most common
enquiries are listed below:
Q) Which schemes are currently running in the water industry?
A) Energy & Utility Skills have a number of schemes available including the following:
 Confined Spaces (Water)
 Leakage Detection & Control
 National Water Hygiene
 Network Construction Operations (Water)
 Plant for Utilities Scheme
 Scottish Water – Distributed Operations Maintenance Strategy
 Utility Excavations
 Utility Network Construction Supervisors
 Utility Safety Health and Environmental Awareness (Water)
Details of all the courses available can be found at
http://www.eusr.co.uk/schemes?status=0&type=0&industry=1475&submit3.x=30&submit3
.y=10
5.13 Sources of additional information, web-links etc
Energy & Utility Skills have a number of sources that provide additional information.
Additional information on Apprenticeships can be obtained from
http://www.apprenticeships.org.uk/Be-An-Apprentice/Other-Questions.aspx
Water UK – www.water.org.uk
Society of British Water and Wastewater Industries – www.sbwwi.co.uk
5.14 Water – Regional Information
5.14.1 Water – East Midlands
In total, some 18,500 people are employed within the water industry in the East Midlands
region in approximately 320 companies.
Industry
Employees
Business Units
18,500
320
Water
The age and gender profiles of the water workforce in the East Midlands are very similar
to those seen across England as a whole.
The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in the East Midlands water
workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.
5.15.2 Water – East of England
In total, some 13,000 people are employed within the water industry in the East of
England region in approximately 210 companies.
Industry
Employees
Business Units
13,000
210
Water
The age and gender profiles of the water workforce in the East of England are very
similar to those seen across England as a whole.
The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in the East of England water
workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.
67
5.15.3 Water – London
In total, some 15,000 people are employed within the water industry in the London region
in approximately 120 companies.
Industry
Employees
Business Units
15,000
120
Water
The age and gender profiles of the water workforce in London are very similar to those
seen across England as a whole.
The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in the London water workforce
are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.
5.15.4 Water – North East
In total, some 9,000 people are employed within the water industry in the North East
region in approximately 70 companies.
Industry
Employees
Business Units
9,000
70
Water
The age and gender profiles of the water workforce in the North East are very similar to
those seen across England as a whole.
The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in the North East water
workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.
5.15.5 Water – North West
In total, some 21,000 people are employed within the water industry in the North West
region in approximately 280 companies.
Industry
Employees
Business Units
21,000
280
Water
The age and gender profiles of the water workforce in the North West are very similar to
those seen across England as a whole.
The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in the North West water
workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.
5.15.6 Water – South East
In total, some 16,000 people are employed within the water industry in the South East
region in approximately 270 companies.
Industry
Employees
Business Units
16,000
270
Water
The age and gender profiles of the water workforce in the South East are very similar to
those seen across England as a whole.
The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in the South East water
workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.
5.15.7 Water – South West
In total, some 12,000 people are employed within the water industry in the South West
region in approximately 300 companies.
Industry
Employees
Business Units
12,000
300
Water
68
The age and gender profiles of the water workforce in the South West are very similar to
those seen across England as a whole.
The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in the South West water
workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.
5.15.8 Water – West Midlands
In total, some 21,500 people are employed within the water industry in the West Midlands
region in approximately 210 companies.
Industry
Employees
Business Units
21,500
210
Water
The age and gender profiles of the water workforce in the West Midlands are very similar
to those seen across England as a whole.
The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in the West Midlands water
workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.
5.15.9 Water – Yorkshire and the Humber
In total, some 13,500 people are employed within the water industry in the Yorkshire and
Humber region in approximately 220 companies.
Industry
Employees
Business Units
13,500
220
Water
The age and gender profiles of the water workforce in Yorkshire and Humber are very
similar to those seen across England as a whole.
The occupations, skills shortages future trends that exist in the Yorkshire and Humber
water workforce are also very similar to those seen across England as a whole.
69