THE UNITED ILLUMINATING COMPANY
Maintenance Plan for
Transmission and Distribution
Overhead and Underground Lines
Revised: 12/22/2014
Table of Contents
1. Executive Overview .........................................................................................................3
2. Introduction ......................................................................................................................3
3. System Description ..........................................................................................................4
4. Vegetation Management ..................................................................................................7
5. Maintenance Practices .....................................................................................................10
5.1. Construction and Maintenance Workforce Organization .........................................10
5.2. Maintenance of Assets and Systems by Area ...........................................................12
5.2.1. Overhead Distribution System .......................................................................12
5.2.2. Underground Distribution System .................................................................14
5.2.3. Overhead Transmission System .....................................................................16
5.2.4. Underground Transmission System ...............................................................17
5.2.5. Substations .....................................................................................................18
5.2.6. Vegetation Management ...............................................................................21
5.2.7. General ..........................................................................................................21
6. Summary of Updated Maintenance Practices ..................................................................21
6.1. Overhead Distribution System Changes ...................................................................23
6.2. Underground Distribution System Changes .............................................................23
6.3. Overhead Transmission System Changes .................................................................23
6.4. Underground Transmission System Changes ...........................................................24
6.5. Substation Changes ...................................................................................................25
6.6. Vegetation Management Changes ............................................................................28
7. List of Attachments ..........................................................................................................28
1: United Illuminating Service Territory Map...........................................................29
2: Vegetation Management Specification .................................................................30
List of Tables
1: System Peak Loads ..................................................................................................4
2: MWHR sales mix for the period 2007-2013 ...........................................................6
3: Breakdown of customers by class for the period 2007-2013...................................6
4: System Miles by Construction Type and Voltage Level .........................................6
5: Construction / Maintenance Work Force Organization ...........................................11
6: Maintenance Practices, Overhead Distribution System ...........................................12
7: Maintenance Practices, Underground Distribution System .....................................14
8: Maintenance Practices, Overhead Transmission System ........................................16
9: Maintenance Practices, Underground Transmission System ...................................17
10: Maintenance Practices, Substations ........................................................................18
2
1. Executive Overview
Goals and Objectives
Proper maintenance of The United Illuminating Company’s (UI or Company) transmission
and distribution facilities has played a major role in achieving high reliability, public safety,
and customer satisfaction, and is a key element of the UI corporate strategy. The Company
continues active development and implementation of maintenance processes to drive
efficiencies into maintenance activities. UI’s electric system maintenance practices focus on
cost effectiveness while maintaining high levels of service to our customers.
The United Illuminating Company’s Maintenance Program Goals are to:
o Work safely everyday
o Maintain reliability performance at 1998 levels
o Achieve these goals at the minimum cost to our customers
The United Illuminating Company’s Maintenance Plan addresses assets in six subsections:
o
o
o
o
o
o
Overhead Distribution System
Underground Distribution System
Overhead Transmission System
Underground Transmission System
Substations
Vegetation Management
Reliability Centered Maintenance
Since 1997, UI has employed a Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM) program approach
to system maintenance. In general, this approach applies equipment inspection, diagnostic
testing, analysis of historical data, and other techniques, to determine the nature and timing
of preventive maintenance actions. Hence, in RCM, traditional “time-based” maintenance is
supplemented or replaced by predictive or “condition-based” maintenance. The specific
strategy for the UI electric system is to move toward condition-based maintenance while
continuing appropriate traditional time-based maintenance activities.
At UI, the Reliability Centered Maintenance program is a continually evolving process that
strives to understand an asset’s potential for failure by focusing resources on preservation of
system function, as opposed to traditional maintenance to preserve individual equipment
operation. This approach improves cost effectiveness by reducing unwarranted correctivereactive maintenance.
2. Introduction
Maintenance is a dynamic process that combines analysis of historical data, carefully
developed procedures that use proven predictive maintenance techniques, and cost effective
3
time-based maintenance tasks. The judgment of experienced operating and engineering
personnel is continually sought out and incorporated into the Reliability Centered
Maintenance Program. UI has developed a work routine that strives to make preventive
action a daily responsibility. Electric System Operations personnel traveling in the territory
are encouraged to report any abnormal system conditions to the operating department in a
proactive manner. The goal of UI’s Maintenance Program is to maximize safety and
reliability of the distribution and transmission systems in a cost effective manner.
3. System Description
The United Illuminating Company is located in the southwest area of Connecticut on the
north shore of Long Island Sound. UI serves seventeen cities and towns surrounding the
principal cities of New Haven and Bridgeport. The service territory is approximately 335
square miles with a population of approximately 767,961people1. System peak load for
recent years is shown in the following table:
Table 1: System Peak Load, 2009 to 2014
Peak Load
(MW)
Date of Peak
Load
2009
1,253
2010
1,365
2011
1,401
2012
1,319
2013
1,365
2014
1,134
8/21/09 7/06/10 7/22/11 7/18/12 7/18/13 9/02/14
The map provided in Attachment 1 shows the UI service territory and the municipalities
supplied within the service area.
To serve its customers, the UI Company owns, operates and maintains the following:







27 - 115/13.8 kV bulk distribution substations with a capacity of 1,886 MVA.
5 - 115 kV transmission switching stations.
2 - 345/115 kV transmission substations.
7 - 13.8/4.16 kV distribution substations with a capacity of 38 MVA.
Approximately 3,284 pole line miles of overhead distribution lines (1 and 3).
o This includes primary, secondary an aerial cable and excludes service conductors.
202 miles of underground conduit banks2.
675 miles of underground primary cables (1 and 3) consisting of direct-buried as well
as underground duct and splicing chamber construction.
2013 Annual Population Estimates Data for Connecticut’s Towns and Counties as reported on the State of
Connecticut Department of Public Health website http://www.ct.gov/dph/cwp/view.asp?a=3132&q=388156
1
2
The reported conduit bank miles have increased significantly due to a change in modeling ductlines. Conduit banks
that are physically separated from one splicing chamber to another are now reported as two separate lengths as
compared to previously where it they were combined into one length.
4




Approximately 95% of the distribution system is fed at 13,800 volts, with the remaining
load supplied at 4,160 or 2,400 volts.
Two underground network systems in the downtown areas of New Haven and Bridgeport
utilize interconnected secondary cables (120/208Y volt) designed primarily for highdensity urban areas.
Some of the larger downtown loads are supplied by 277/480Y volt systems that are not
interconnected and are called “spot networks”.
The UI transmission system consists of 11.1 circuit miles of overhead 345,000-volt line,
93.2 circuit miles of overhead 115,000-volt line, 17.1 circuit miles of underground
115,000-volt line, and 11.2 circuit miles of underground 345,000-volt line.
A summary of the conductor types used in the UI system is found in Table 4 at the end of this
section. Note that this table contains mileage of conductor types categorized by voltage
level. The data for this table was obtained by using the Company’s Geographical
Information System (GIS).
The Company’s service area is composed of urban, suburban, and to a lesser extent rural
areas. The urban areas are located in the downtown centers of Bridgeport and New Haven,
as well as in the smaller cities and towns, including Fairfield, Shelton, Derby, Ansonia,
Stratford, Milford, West Haven, Hamden, and East Haven. The remaining service area is
mostly suburban.
Most of UI’s commercial customers occupy land adjoining the major inter-city highways,
such as I-95 and US #1 from Fairfield to East Haven, Route #8 from Bridgeport to Ansonia,
I-91 and US #5 from New Haven to North Haven and Routes #10 and #15 from New Haven
to Hamden. Most of the large industrial customers are situated along the Railroad Rights-ofWay on the shoreline, and in the Housatonic and Quinnipiac River Valleys.
Almost all of the non-commercial areas are suburban residential tracts. The only true rural
area left in the service territory is in Easton, except for scattered farms in North Haven, North
Branford, and Orange, as well as state and local parklands. Much of the territory, including
the rural, suburban, and residential area just outside the urban centers, is heavily treed.
Service reliability, without question, is of vital importance to the viability of the Company as
well as the local economy and remains extremely important to the Company and all of our
customers. In particular, the very existence of our commercial and industrial customers,
which comprise approximately 59% of our sales base, depends on UI’s ability to provide
reliable service.
5
The following table summarizes the MWHR sales mix for the period 2008-2014:
Table 2: MWh Sales Mix for the Period 2008-2014
Customer
Class
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Original
Budget
Forecast
Residential
39.67%
39.80%
40.30%
40.80%
41.30%
41.90%
43.20%
Commercial
47.55%
48.60%
48.10%
47.70%
48.70%
48.10%
48.40%
Industrial
12.05%
10.80%
10.80%
10.70%
9.10%
9.10%
7.43%
Street Lighting
0.73%
0.80%
0.80%
0.80%
0.90%
0.90%
0.96%
Total
100.00%
100.00%
100.00%
100.00%
100.00%
100.00%
99.99%
The following table summarizes the breakdown of customers by class for the period 2008-2014:
Table 3: Breakdown of Customers by Class for the Period 2008-2014
Customer
Class
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Original
Budget
Forecast
Residential
293,009
292,836
292,670
290,651
289,366
287,519
286,019
Commercial
30,392
30,432
30,493
30,439
30,438
30,195
29,932
Industrial
1,133
1,142
1,091
1,031
1,033
1,022
967
Street Lighting
1,207
1,344
1,202
1,163
1,137
1,109
1,109
Total
325,741
325,754
325,456
323,284
321,974
319,845
318,027
The following table summarizes transmission and distribution system miles by construction type
and voltage level:
Table 4: Transmission and Distribution System Miles by Construction Type and Voltage Level
Circuit Miles
Construction Type
15kV or less
115kV
345kV & Higher
Tree Wire
2408
0
0
Non-Tree Wire
263
93.2
11.1
Aerial Cable
210
0
0
Self-Supporting Cable
1
0
0
Underground Cable*
672
17.1
11.2
Totals
3554
110.3
22.3
6
Definitions:
Tree Wire:
All primary wire used in open wire construction that is covered with a 10/64 polyethylene
coating.
Non-Tree Wire:
All primary wire used in open wire construction that either has no insulation (bare) or is covered
with a material having little or no insulation value.
Aerial Cable:
Shielded primary cable suspended from a messenger attached to poles.
Self-Supporting Cable:
Unshielded insulated primary wire triplexed around a messenger attached to poles.
*Underground Cable
Distribution: Includes both shielded primary cable in a splicing chamber and duct system, and
direct buried cable.
Transmission: Includes pipe type, gas insulated, fluid filled and solid dielectric in a splicing
chamber and duct system.
*Secondaries and services excluded
4. Vegetation Management
The United Illuminating Company remains committed to providing high levels of reliability,
while simultaneously ensuring customer safety and satisfaction, and controlling cost. In
January of 2014, UI began an 8-year Enhanced Tree Trimming Program with the goal of
establishing a Utility Protection Zone (UPZ) around all of its primary distribution lines.
Beyond the UPZ planned circuit miles program, the Company implements the following
vegetation management programs to maintain or enhance the reliability of the electric
distribution system:

Hazardous Trees: The Hazardous Tree program requires the complete removal to
ground of all identified trees. Hazard trees are identified in several ways including;
UI vegetation management resources, contractor permissions personnel, tree trim
crews, town tree wardens and customers. The hazard tree removal program is
designed to remove trees identified as dead, dying, diseased or structurally defective
and located outside of the normal trim area, but pose a potential hazard to UI facilities

Vine Management: Vine Management is the removal of various vines from poles and
guy wires including the ground cut, removal, chip and disposal of debris.

Distribution Rights-Of Way Line Clearance: Rights-of-Way Line Clearance is the
removal of overgrowth on the distribution right-of ways. Typically, such work is
identified and generated during cycle maintenance and through ROW inspections.
7
Distribution Line Clearance Specification – UPZ
The Enhanced Tree Trimming specification is the only UI vegetation management
specification.
The Distribution Line Clearance Specification (DLCS) establishes vegetation management
clearance within the UPZ in a rectangular area extending horizontally for a distance of eight
feet from any outermost electrical conductor or wire installed from pole to pole and vertically
from the ground to the sky. Desirable low height or ornamental trees that are already in the
zone or those that are planted under the Right Tree – Right Place program will remain.
Compatible trees and shrubs listed in the State Vegetation Management Task Force Report or
added by the DEEP may remain in or may in the future be planted within the UPZ.
The DLCS creates greater distance between the vegetation and conductor in order to reduce
the likelihood that vegetation would impact the electric system during extaordinary weather
events. This specification reduces the amount of vegetation that may come in contact with
the electric infrastructure and will improve the overall performance of the electric system.
On November 1, 2013 the Company submitted its ETT plan to the PURA for review. The
plan addresses how the work is being scheduled and prioritized for optimum effectiveness.
In addition, the plan contains reporting requirements to UI management and the PURA, the
latter of which will include spending, miles trimmed, consent and objection metrics, and the
program’s impacts on reliability on a circuit and annual system basis.
UI prepared this plan using Reliability Centered Maintenance principles and the following
considerations:
1. Prioritized the worst performing circuits based on vegetation related outage performance
(SAIFI)
2. Incorporated a focus on State and municipal priority locations
3. Made adjustments to the plan to accommodate excessive vegetation growth based on the
timing of the previous cycle
4. Made additional adjustments to meet yearly budget targets.
During the first 6 months of 2014, UI:





Worked with its contractor to inform and train the Work Planners and tree crews
about the new program.
Developed and implemented a comprehensive communication strategy.
Held public information sessions in all 17 communities.
Updated all of its customer contact collateral – brochure, consent form, notification
letter and door hanger
Began pruning and removing trees using the new UPZ specification in the towns of
Bridgeport, Hamden, Orange and Shelton
8
Based on the success of the pilot program, UI moved to full program implementation in July.
UI’s strategy is to obtain abutting property owner consent for all non-emergent tree work far
enough in advance to optimize the use of the line clearance crews. This method requires
UI’s contractors to begin the notification process at least three months in advance to achieve
this strategy and fully implement the requirements of Public Act 14-151.
Transmission Vegetation Management Program
Transmission lines are maintained on a four year cycle (approx. 25% per year). The cycle
based tree and brush work is supplemented with inspection of 100% of the overhead
transmission lines. UI’s Transmission Vegetation Management Program (TVMP) complies
with the North American Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC) FAC-003-1 Standard,
covering all the transmission lines operated at 200kV and above, and specific lower voltage
lines designated by the Northeast Power Coordinating Council (NPCC) as being critical to
the reliability of the electric system in the region. Transmission line ROW are inspected
annually by foot patrol for the purpose of identifying vegetation conditions that could
encroach the vegetation to conductor clearance requirements, impact electric service
reliability or create a hazard to the public. UI has implemented the use of Light Detection and
Ranging (LiDAR) imaging and processing capabilities on a 2 year cycle to improve the
inspection program. The LiDAR survey from 2012 identified vegetation conditions that are
being prioritized and scheduled with the annual planned trimming. Any vegetation conditions
which might immediately affect operation or maintenance of the lines are addressed
immediately. All data from the inspections is captured electronically and then imported into
a tracking database. Reports are generated from this database to assist in developing work
schedules and tracking work to completion. The UI Line Clearance Arborist re-inspects all
reported vegetation items, develops the maintenance trimming schedule, prioritizes work and
coordinates with the railroad entities. Field audits are completed to ensure the work
performed meets the TVMP requirements.
UI continues to work with local tree wardens, as well as civic and professional groups, to
help educate customers about the proper selection and care of trees that may be planted near
UI’s electric facilities. In addition, safety brochures are distributed annually through bill
inserts, and other events are held to educate the public on the dangers associated with
energized wires and the importance of having qualified tree contractors or UI line clearance
crews remove hazardous tree growth. We believe that we can continue to provide safe,
reliable service in a cost-effective manner by working together with our customers in matters
of line clearance and vegetation management.
UI’s Vegetation Management Specification is appended to this document as Attachment 2.
9
5. Maintenance Practices
The primary goal of Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM) is to keep equipment operating
properly while minimizing total maintenance costs. RCM uses proven predictive
maintenance techniques to schedule cost effective maintenance only when needed (based on
experience, inspection and testing results, manufacturers’ data, etc.) to prevent critical
failures.
It should be understood that the term maintenance, as used at UI, includes both inspection
and maintenance activities. UI crews perform construction, inspection and maintenance
activities, thereby developing a balanced, well-rounded work force and minimizing costs.
UI employees perform the majority of maintenance work on the distribution system, with the
exception of tree trimming, pole inspection and treatment, and street light repair/replace,
which are done by outside contract crews. During peak constructions periods, outside
contract crews may augment UI crews on construction projects. Outside contract crews are
also used on UI’s transmission system for both major construction and maintenance
functions.
Maintenance practices in the following sections are organized as noted below:
 Construction / Maintenance Work Force Organization
 Equipment Maintenance by Area
 Overhead Distribution System
 Underground Distribution System
 Overhead Transmission System
 Underground Transmission System
 Substations
 Vegetation Management (Attachments 2)
 General
5.1. Construction and Maintenance Workforce Organization
The following is a staffing summary by section and grade of UI’s construction and
maintenance departments (as of August 8, 2014):
10
Table 5: Construction and Maintenance Work Force Organization
Department
Position
Manager, System Maintenance
Maintenance Engineer
System Maintenance
Civil/Structural Engineer
Total System Maintenance
Manager, Vegetation Management
Line Clearance Arborist & Technician
Vegetation Management
Line Clearance TVM Lead
Total Vegetation Management
General Manager - Construction Operations
Senior Operations Specialist
Sr Principal Analyst
Manager – Power Delivery
Lead Supervisor - Power Delivery
Supervisor - Power Delivery
Scheduler - Power Delivery
Line Worker 1st Class & Sr. Line Worker 1st Class
Line Worker 2nd & 3rd Class (Apprentice)
Line Restoration Leader
Power Delivery (PD)
Line Group Leader
Cable Splicer 1st, 2nd & 3rd Class
Underground Working Leader
Underground Inspector
Manager - UG Construction
Supervisor - UG Construction
PD -UG Equipment Specialist & Helper A
Business Systems Analyst
Administrative Clerks - PD
Total Power Delivery (PD)
Manager - T&S
Lead Supervisor - T&S
Supervisor - T&S
Scheduler - T&S
Substation Utility Worker
Substation Maintenance Worker
Substation Electrician Const. & Maint. Worker
Transmission & Substation (T&S)
Substation Electrician 1st Class
Substation Electrician 2nd Class
Substation Electrician 3rd Class
Substation Electrician Specialist
Glove Lab Technician
Administrative Clerks - T&S
Total Substation (T&S)
Test Manager
Test Supervisor
Lead Test Engineer
Test Department
Test Engineer
Test Technician
Communication Engineer
NERC Coordinator
Total Test
Total Construction & Maintenance Work Force
11
Number
1
7
1
9
1
5
1
7
1
1
1
1
3
6
2
33
20
8
38
12
2
3
2
2
10
2
3
150
1
2
8
1
4
2
20
3
6
0
10
1
1
59
1
2
2
0
15
1
1
22
247
5.2. Maintenance of Assets and Systems by Area
The Company uses a software application called Maximo® to manage the maintenance of
equipment. Maximo® serves many functions, as it contains historical asset record data
along with an asset registry, and also generates work orders associated with preventive
and corrective maintenance plans. Several other databases are utilized in conjunction with
Maximo® for implementing the RCM plan. These databases are linked where possible.
UI visually inspects its overhead equipment in accordance with defined RCM programs
and whenever work is being performed on the system. The major components of UI’s
Overhead Distribution System are identified below. Details of maintenance and inspections
are noted in each asset category.
It should be noted that, in the course of any inspection and maintenance process described
in this report, all hazards, damage, and other abnormal conditions affecting equipment on
the UI system, are immediately reported to appropriate supervision, who then analyze the
situation and coordinate corrective actions. Also, additional attention is given to any
equipment as deemed appropriate by Electric System Maintenance.
The following tables list maintenance practices for major components of the overhead and
underground distribution and transmission systems
5.2.1. Table 6: Maintenance Practices, Overhead Distribution System
Category
Sub Category
Frequency
Task Description
During pole
inspection and
when working on
pole
Visual Inspection
6 Years and
when working on
pole
Above ground line
visual inspection
Poles,
=>10 years old
6 Years and
when working on
pole
Visual inspection
above and below the
ground line. Internally
treated for decay
below the ground line
if necessary.
Wire,
All
During pole
inspection and
when working on
pole
Visual Inspection
Wire,
3 phase lines
Annual
Infrared Inspection
Wire,
Single phase lines
Performance
Based
Infrared Inspection
General
Poles,
<10 years old
Poles and
Ancillary
Equipment
Overhead Wire
12
Notes
Includes poles, ancillary
equipment, wire and cable,
hardware, fault indicators,
lightning arresters, switches
and other equipment
associated with an
installation.
Below ground line
treatment involves
excavating to a depth of 18
inches and treating the pole
below grade
Problems reported in the
Circuit Interruption
Reporting System are
reviewed for further
investigation and corrective
action.
Table 6: Maintenance Practices, Overhead Distribution System (continued)
Category
Sub Category
Task Description
Notes
Upon Installation
Dielectric test of
insulation integrity
A dielectric test is
performed whenever a
section is replaced or a
cable termination or splice
is replaced.
Paper Insulated
Lead Covered
(PILC), 13.8kV
Circuits
As above for
Aerial Cable
In addition to a visual
inspection when
working on a pole.
The majority of this
type of cable has been
replaced on a
programmatic basis.
Aerial PILC Cable still
remains attached to bridge
overpasses where splice
chambers and ductline are
required to replace it
3 phase lines
Annual
Infrared Inspection
3 phase lines
Annual
Infrared Inspection
Single phase lines
Performance
Based
Infrared Inspection
All
10 Years
Replace
All
Frequency
Aerial Cable
Insulators,
Lightning
Arresters,
Hotline Clamps,
Stirrups and
Splices
Switches,
Disconnects and
Fused Cutouts
Overhead Fault
Indicators
Pole Mounted
Transformers
Utilization
Transformers
See Notes
Step-down
Transformers
Monitored as
Required
Electronic monitoring
devices monitor phase
loading
Annual
Signal tested through
SCADA
Annual
Visual Inspection
Radio Controlled
Pole Mounted
Capacitor Banks
Transformers whose PCB
content is unknown, are
loaded at or near
nameplate ratings and
those found in poor
condition have been
identified and are included
for replacement in the
Company's 10 Year Plan
Fixed
Annual
All
Annual
Visual Inspection
Infrared Inspection
13
Table 6: Maintenance Practices, Overhead Distribution System (continued)
Category
Pole Mounted
Voltage
Regulators
Pole Mounted
Reclosers
Sub Category
All
All
Frequency
Task Description
Notes
Annual
Operationally tested and
inspected.
Operations counter
recorded, voltage and
settings confirmed with
asset records
Action taken based on
current RCM criteria and
data review.
Annual
Infrared Inspection
2 Times Per Year
Gas pressure, Ambient
temp, Operations counter
recorded, batteries tested
and recorded for asset
tracking.
Annually
Oil Insulated
Street Lights
5.2.2.
Infrared Inspection
Internal and Operational
testing
7 Years
Failure
Repair or Replace as
required
7 Years
Relamp, replace photocell
and perform general
maintenance
All
Based on current RCM
criteria
Failures are reported by
customers, police and UI
personnel.
Table 7: Maintenance Practices, Underground Distribution System
Category
Splicing
Chambers
and
Secondary
Network Vaults
Sub Category
General
Frequency
During inspection
and when
working at a
specific location
Task Description
Visual Inspection of
electrical components and
hardware, and structural
elements
Notes
10 Years
Visual inspection of the
electrical and physical
condition of the location
and equipment contained
therein.
Equipment includes
grounding, cable racks,
cable supports, covers,
roofs, frames and other
structural elements.
Network
Protectors
Annual
Network
Transformers
and Switches
Annual
Network
Transformers
Visual Inspection including
protector status, nitrogen
blanket pressure and
overall condition
assessment
Visual Inspection including
oil level inspection and
recording and overall
condition assessment
14
Table 7: Maintenance Practices, Underground Distribution System (continued)
Category
Sub Category
All Primary
Cable
Wire and Cable
Primary Cable,
Paper
Insulated Lead
Covered (PILC),
13.8kV Circuits
Solid Dielectric
Primary Cable
Distribution
Cable
Padmounted
Transformers
and Junction
Enclosures
Frequency
When any work to
the electrical
insulation of a
cable is performed
Task Description
Dielectric Testing
Some of the PILC has been
replaced on a programmatic
basis.
As above for
Primary Cable
As above for
Primary Cable
During inspection
of the splicing
chamber or vault
Visual inspection for safety
hazards, security, electrical
integrity and damage
PMH & G&W
Annual
Visual inspection for safety
hazards, security, electrical
integrity and damage
PME & Vista
2 Years
Visual inspection for safety
hazards, security, electrical
integrity and damage
Transclosures
Transformer
Vaults
Visual inspection for safety
hazards, security, electrical
integrity and damage
5 Years
Visual inspection for safety
hazards, security, electrical
integrity and damage
3 Years
Annual
CustomerOwned Facilities
Transformer
Cages
On-going program
15
Replacement of
remaining PILC cable
will be done based on
performance and
potential failure impact
on system reliability.
Replacement is
performance based
Visual inspection
5 Years
Padmounted
Switches
Notes
Second physical barrier
installed on all locations
Abnormal conditions
are brought to the
customer's attention
for remediation and
work is scheduled
appropriately
These installations are
being replaced based
on prioritization
established from the
inspection program,
when the customer’s
service is abandoned, at
the customer’s request
or when system
upgrades are required.
5.2.3.
Table 8: Maintenance Practices, Overhead Transmission System
Category
Sub Category
All
Frequency
2 Years
Towers
Connectors,
Conductors,
Terminations
and Insulators
Wood
6 Years
Cathodic Protected
Steel Structures
2 Years
All
Substation
Components
All
Foundations
Right-of-Ways
(ROW)
Task Description
Notes
Inspected by outside
contractors. Inspection
includes items such as ground
conductor integrity, paint
condition, installation of
proper signage, etc.
Ground level inspection of the
structure.
Test and review results for
proper operation of the
passive cathodic protection
system
Climbing inspections
are performed as
required.
2 Years
Visual inspection
2 Years
Visual inspection by air
(helicopter) which includes an
infrared thermography
inspection
Conditionbased
Corona Imaging
Semi-annual
2 Years
Cathodic Protected
Caissons
2 Years
Vegetation
Annual
Light Detection and
Ranging Inspection
(LiDAR)
2 Years
16
Visual and thermographic
inspection
Visual inspection of condition
Test and review results for
proper operation of the
passive cathodic protection
system
Visual Inspection
Identify and measure
vegetation clearances to
conductors on and along UI
ROW
5.2.4. Table 9: Maintenance Practices, Underground Transmission System
Category
Sub Category
Frequency
Task Description
Annual
Visual inspection
All Components
When working
in a specific
location
Visual inspection of
accessible portions
Terminations
Biannual
Visual and Thermography
Inspection
Termination
Support Structures
Cable and Cable
Terminations
Splicing Chambers
Cable
Pressurization and
Pumping Systems
High Pressure Fluid
Filled (HPFF) Cable
and Terminations
Low Pressure Fluid
Filled (LPFF) Cable
and Terminations
Solid Dielectric
Cable
3 Years
2 Years
Annual
High Pressure Fluid
Filled (HPFF) and
Solid Dielectric
Cable Lines
5 Years, during
cable inspection
or when
working in a
specific location
Low Pressure Fluid
Filled (LPFF) Lines
2 Years
345kV Solid
Dielectric Lines in
ConnDOT Right-ofWays
In accordance
with the
requirements of
the Conn DOT
Bridge
Inspection
Manual
All
Monthly
Dielectric Fluid
3 Years
High and Low
Pressure Set points
2 Years
Annual
Active Cathodic
Protection Systems
Monthly
17
Fluid is tested for dielectric
quality and dissolved
gasses.
Visual inspection
Condition assessments are
done when inspections
indicate further action,
which includes an
accelerated systematic
evaluation of the present
condition and future
maintenance/replacement
requirements for the
underground
infrastructure.
Visual inspection and
pressure readings are
recorded and reviewed
These are the sample
points for the HPFF Cable
noted above
Tested and Calibrated
Output is verified at
intermediate test points
and at the underground
cable extremities in the
substation.
Visual condition
assessment. Voltage and
current values are
recorded and reviewed.
Notes
Additional
inspections are
performed through
monthly substation
patrol inspections.
Additional
inspections of
accessible
equipment are
performed during
various substation
inspections.
5.2.5. Table 10: Maintenance Practices, Substations
Category
Bulk Substation
current carrying
equipment
Distribution
Substation current
carrying equipment
Stationary Battery
Systems
Sub Category
Outside
equipment
and
equipment
accessible
within the
building
All
Installations
Frequency
Transformers and
Reactors
Visual inspection of overall
condition including
electrolyte levels (if
applicable), voltage and
current levels and physical
condition of components
Conductance and voltage
testing and trending
Oil quality and Dissolved
Gas Analysis (DGA) is
performed and reviewed
Visual Inspection
Monthly
Annual
Transmission Class
Circuit Breakers
4 Years
Distribution
Substations
Condition based
Bulk Oil (OCB)
2 Years
Gas Insulated
(SF6)
Gas Insulated
(SF6)
Infrared Thermography
Inspection
Includes exterior and
interior components.
Action taken based
on current RCM
criteria and data
review.
Annual
Monthly
Bulk and
Transmission
Substations
Notes
Bi-annual
Annual
All
Task Description
10 Years
Power factor and excitation
testing for the integrity of
insulating materials,
windings, bushing
insulation. Load Tap
Changer operation.
Operational testing of
external components is
performed to ensure the
proper operation of alarms
and monitoring equipment.
Timing and motion, power
factor testing and oil quality
analysis
Level 2 (major), 10 year
frequency: Outage
required, isolating switches
opened and grounds
applied as required, Level 1
Items plus Timing and
Motion, Alarm points,
Contact Resistance
Level 1 (minor) 5 year
frequency: Thorough visual
inspection, alarm settings,
hydraulic fluid level and gas
moisture analysis
5 Years
18
In accordance to
industry accepted
standards and
applicable NERC /
NPCC requirements
Distribution
substation
transformers are
tested only if infrared
inspections, oil
testing or a visual
inspection detect an
issue
Internal inspections
and overhauls are
condition based but
typically will not
exceed the
manufacturer’s
recommendation
Table 10: Maintenance Practices, Substations (continued)
Category
Distribution Class
Circuit Breakers
Sub Category
Frequency
Oil (OCB)
6 Years
Air Magnetic
(ACB)
Vacuum
Interrupters
(VCB)
Task Description
Per manufacturer’s
recommendation or based
on Best Industry Practice
7 Years
10 Years
Monthly and
whenever a
station is visited
Includes testing of security
systems, security inspections
of interior and exterior
facilities, fire-extinguisher
inspections, first-aid kit
inspections and similar tasks
Security and
Safety
Maintenance and testing of
security components and
communications
Annual
Buildings and
Structures
General
Notes
Facilities are cleaned,
operation counts are taken
and minor maintenance
activities are performed
Gutters and downspouts are
inspected and cleaned
Substation roofs are
inspected
Monthly
Annual
Roof Systems
4 Years
19
NERC standard CIP006 requires
periodic testing of
the system.
Performing this
testing with our
existing perimeter
alarm testing
utilizes the same
resources to
perform both tests.
Selected
substations
Table 10: Maintenance Practices, Substations (continued)
Category
Sub Category
Frequency
Capacitor Bank
All
7 Year cycle
CCVT Secondary
Voltage
Trending
All
3 Year cycle
Voltage Reduction
All Bulk
Distribution
Substations
Protective
Systems and
Substations as
defined by North
American Electric
Reliability
Council (NERC)
Standards and
Northeast Power
Coordinating
Council (NPCC)
Protective Systems
Special
Protection
Systems as
defined by North
American Electric
Reliability
Council (NERC)
Standards and
Northeast Power
Coordinating
Council (NPCC)
Non-Bulk
(Distribution)
Stations
Task Description
Annual
As specified in
NERC Standards
Electrical integrity testing
and visual inspection,
replacement of cans or
blown fuses, VBM ductor
and hypot test, general
cleaning by Substation
Measure and recording
secondary voltage to identify
problems while the failure is
in its infancy. Inspect the
CCVT secondary junction box
and internal components.
Voltage reduction system
communication testing.
Verify 2.5% and 5% voltage
reduction can be initiated
from control center.
NERC Standards include:
 PRC-005-1: “Transmission
and Generation Protection
System Maintenance and
Testing”
 PRC-008-1:
“Implementation and
Documentation of UFLS
Equipment Maintenance
Program”
 PRC-011-0: “UVLS System
Maintenance and Testing”
As specified in
NPCC Directories
Directory #3 “Maintenance
Criteria for Bulk Power
System Protection.”
NPCC
As described in NPCC
Directory #7 “Special
Protection Systems”.
As described in
 PRC-012-0: “Special
Protection System Review
Procedure” and
 PRC-017-0: “Special
Protection System
Maintenance and Testing”
NERC
Based on
removal program
20
Test and adjust protective
relaying as required
Notes
Systems include
protective relaying,
batteries and
battery chargers,
circuit breakers,
transformers and
protective relaying
telecommunication
s
These protection
systems are
designed to detect
abnormal system
conditions, and
take corrective
action other than
the isolation of
faulted elements.
This suspended
based on current
removal schedule
5.2.6.
Vegetation Management
The Vegetation Management Plan is described in Section 4. The current “Vegetation
Management Specification” for 2014 through 2021 is included as Attachment 2.
5.2.7.
General
Employee awareness of system conditions constitutes a vital source of information for UI to
address maintenance requirements. Employees, as they travel to their work locations
throughout UI’s territory, are encouraged to be observant and report any abnormal conditions
to Electric System Operations & Maintenance so that appropriate action can be taken. This
information, along with reports via telephone or written communication from our customers
or others regarding abnormal system conditions, is captured in the computer-based Customer
Request System. It is then forwarded to Electric System Operations & Maintenance for
investigation and resolution, as required. The trouble conditions and subsequent resolution is
captured in the customer call system, SAP.
6. Summary of Updated Maintenance Practices
In 2014 the Company conducted a comprehensive review of its RCM plans to determine if the
current activities and cycle for each plan was being implemented effectively and the work
activities were being done efficiently. A team of subject matter experts involved in routine
system maintenance activities reviewed each RCM plan utilizing their knowledge of inspection
and testing techniques, manufacturers’ recommendations, utility best practices and regulatory
compliance requirements. The review took into consideration maintenance inspection and
testing techniques that have evolved over the years with changes in technology, tools, industry
wide learning of equipment maintenance history, and monitoring capabilities. We found that
while most of the plans have incorporated these changes, all plans needed a review utilizing the
same methodology used in the creation of the RCM plans originally with the goal of performing
only the necessary maintenance and minimizing cost. Inspection and maintenance is currently
being performed as described in earlier sections. The following tables summarize the
recommended changes to the maintenance cycle and practices for the major components of the
T&D system. These changes are currently being implemented and will be fully incorporated into
the maintenance plans in 2015.
The Company continues to operate and maintain its system generally using the same practices
that were in place as of the Maintenance Plan dated December 17, 2013. The maintenance
practices in use are defined in our Reliability Centered Maintenance program, which has been in
effect for approximately sixteen years. The Company continuously looks for opportunities to
improve both operational performance and cost efficiency.
In response to Docket No. 13-01-19, “Application of The United Illuminating Company to
Increase Rates and Charges”, PURA approved $100 million for an 8 year plan for vegetation
management during 2014-2021. This system hardening is based on Enhanced Tree Trimming
21
(ETT) practices as presented in the State’s Vegetation Management Task Force (SVMTF) report.
The major components of UI’s proposed program are:
1. DLCS will be UI’s new specification, creating an eight-foot side clearance ground to sky,
retaining desirable low height or ornamental trees within the zone or those that are
planted under the Right Tree – Right Place program. Additionally, the Company will
identify and remove whole or parts of hazardous trees from outside of the zone that could
fall causing damage to utility infrastructure, facilities or equipment.
2. UI will document and track all objections, requests for modification and decisions made
by municipal tree wardens and the State Department of Transportation through the full
execution of Public Act 14-151 that cause nonconformities, or areas where UI is not able
to meet these specifications within and outside of the Utility Protection Zone (UPZ).
Instances of outages caused by nonconforming trees will be documented and considered a
reportable performance attribute.
22
6.1. Overhead Distribution System Changes
Category
Sub Category
Pole
Inspection
Wood Poles
Infrared
Inspection
Wire,
3 Phase lines,
Single Phase
lines, and
Equipment
Pole
Mounted
Reclosers
All
Change
Rationale for Change
In 2014 all poles in the territory
(UI & AT&T) have been visually
inspected. 2015-2018 poles
requiring ground line
inspection will be excavated to
a depth of 18 inches and
remedial treatment applied.
All wood distribution poles will
continue to be inspected on a 6 year
cycle. The scope of the inspection
has expanded to incorporate
primary, secondary and service wires
and primary switch configuration.
The scope of the inspection program
now identifies and resolves issues
with missing grounds.
Based on industry reporting criteria
and action levels a 5°C change was
selected. Estimated reduction (up to
30%) in reportable hotspots and
follow-up repair costs minimal risk.
Improved efficiencies. Increase in
efficient use of resources by not
requiring multiple crews to visit a
recloser for tasks that can be
performed together by one crew.
Reporting criteria changed
from 15°C to 20°C rise
compared to a reference
temperature.
3 times per year to 2 times per
year. Lineman craft to perform
inspection and maintenance.
6.2. Underground Distribution System Changes
Category
Padmounted
Switches
Sub Category
PMH & G&W
Change
Rationale for Change
Select manufacturer models with known
failure modes have been eliminated or
corrected. The inspection and
maintenance now incorporates specific
tasks to identify equipment conditions.
Follow-up maintenance activities are
scheduled address abnormal conditions.
Cycle change from
Biannual to annual.
6.3. Overhead Transmission System Changes
Category
Towers,
Conductors,
Terminations,
Insulators
and
Foundations
Sub Category
All
Change
Rationale for Change
Cycle change from annual
visual inspection to every 2
years
In consideration of a separate annual
vegetation inspection, a 2 year cycle for
aerial LiDAR survey inspection, and aerial
infrared and corona testing, this
inspection category can be extended.
The cycle change has no associated risks
to system reliability since inspectors are
conducting a visual foot inspection and
reporting abnormal conditions. A more
in depth inspection will be conducted
every 2 years with tower and foundation
condition assessments.
23
6.4. Underground Transmission System Changes
Category
Cable
and
Cable
Terminations
Splicing
Chambers
Sub Category
345kV Solid
Dielectric Cable
Low Pressure
Fluid Filled
(LPFF)
Lines
Change
Cycle change from 5 years to
annual. The Company continues to
conduct annual inspections of the
cable support systems. As
previously reported, findings from
previous inspections articulated a
need for a thorough forensic
assessment of the environmental
damage evident upon racking
hardware and clamps in the 345kV
splice chambers.
Cycle change from annual to 2
years.
24
Rationale for Change
The degradation observed in the
inspections of previous years
appeared to continue to an
extent that strongly suggested a
need for specialized assistance
in assessing the evidence and
determining its cause. In this
way, the affected components
could be responsively redesigned and more durable
substitutes provided by the
Original Equipment
Manufacturers. Inspection
frequency is expected to
continue at one per year, at
least until the issues attending
this problem have been
demonstratively ameliorated.
The Company has conducted the
annual inspections with the
OEM and continues to work
with them in resolving this issue.
Eliminate annual inspection;
retain combined inspection/oil
sampling every 2 years. Splicing
chambers were found to be in
good structural condition from
recent inspections. Low risk
based on engineering
experience and knowledge of
cable system.
6.5. Substation Changes
Category
Capacitor Bank
Transformers
and Reactors
Transmission
Class Circuit
Breakers
Sub Category
Change
All
Cycle Change from 4 year
to 7 year
Bulk and
Transmission
Substations
Cycle change from 3 years
to 4 years
Gas Insulated
(SF6)
Cycle change from 6 years
to 10 years for full
inspection and 5 years for
gas analysis. Create 2
different levels of
maintenance tasks.
25
Rationale for Change
During breaker maintenance
perform critical tasks only
(maintenance Task Description).
Other maintenance is driven by
issues (blown fuses, alarms,
substation patrol visual).
Coordination with breaker
maintenance eliminates switching
being done twice on the same
feeder. Also, extension of cycle
will result in cost savings,
although off-cycle corrective
maintenance may be require as
they do currently.
Based on industry best practices,
historical maintenance records
and continued annual predictive
oil analysis the cycle has been
extended with no associated
reliability impacts
Timing and motion of the newer
GCBs may be extended to a less
frequent cycle due to excellent
manufacturing and operating
tolerances.
Level 1 (minor) 5 year frequency:
Thorough visual inspection, alarm
settings, hydraulic fluid level and
gas moisture analysis
Level 2 (major), 10 year
frequency: Outage required,
isolating switches opened and
grounds applied as required, Level
1 Items plus Timing and Motion,
Alarm points, Contact Resistance
6.5. Substation Changes(continued)
Category
Distribution
Class Circuit
Breakers
CCVT
Secondary
Voltage
Trending
Buildings and
Structures
Sub Category
Change
Air Magnetic
(ACB)
Cycle change from 6 years
to 7 years
All
Cycle change from annual
to 3 years
Roof Systems
Cycle change from 3 year
to 4 year. Annual gutter
cleaning at selected
substations.
26
Rationale for Change
Extend cycle to 7 years, in
consideration of
location/environment (maybe not
for all breakers) and existing
condition concerns. Provide
training for substation electricians
to improve their knowledge so
maintenance activities are being
performed properly. Create a
new maintenance Job Plan.
- Create a 1 or 2 page Job Plan
with a specific breaker service
pamphlet. The service pamphlet
can be reused throughout the
year and ensure the same service
is performed to all similar
breakers.
Extend cycle as the majority of the
older potentially problematic
CCVT's have been replaced as part
of a capital program. Retain
annual CCVT trending for station
with problematic units until
replaced. Evaluate a system-wide
project to ensure all CCVT's are
monitored accurately via SCADA,
possibly through a device which
could be installed at the base of
each CCVT to eliminate voltage
drop concerns.
Extension to 4 years would not
affect warranty on roofs per
TREMCO discussion. Possible
reactive maintenance costs if
failure occurs during additional
year before inspections - this is
felt to be a very low risk due to
generally newer age of substation
roof systems from recent and
ongoing replacements.
6.5. Substation Changes (continued)
Category
Sub Category
Bulk Substation
Feeder
Protective
Systems
(Relay Testing)
Change
Rationale for Change
Cycle change from 6 years
to 8 years
Extend cycle to every 8 years to
align with 2nd cycle of
transmission relay testing.
Gaining efficiency by coordinating
with other relay testing at the
same station. If a relay had a
problem it may go undetected for
a longer period compared with
the current maintenance practice;
however, this is minimized with
having both phase and ground
relays with a much lower
probability of something common
to both failing together.
Transformer and
Distribution Bus
(Electromechanical)
Cycle change from 4 years
to 8 years
Transformer and
Distribution Bus
(Microprocessor)
Cycle change from 6 years
to 8 years
Distribution Low
Voltage Substation
Feeder
Suspend, evaluate low
voltage substation
removal program
annually
27
Extend cycle to every 8 years to
align with 2nd cycle of
transmission relay testing.
Gaining efficiency by coordinating
with other relay testing at the
same station. If a relay had a
problem it may go undetected for
a longer period compared with
the current maintenance practice;
however, this is minimized with
having redundant primary and
secondary protection schemes
with a much lower probability of
both schemes failing
simultaneously.
Evaluate annually based on LVSS
removal program schedule. If the
current LVSS removal plan is
executed in years currently
planned for, or if accelerated,
feeder relays at these stations will
not require any further testing.
Reduction in O&M costs in
consideration of recent test cycle
and LVSS decommissioning plans.
6.6. Vegetation Management Changes
Object
Vegetation
Management
Change
Rationale for Change
The Company’s specification,
DLCS, for enhanced tree trimming
establishes vegetation management
within the "Utility Protection
Zone" (UPZ) which is the
rectangular area extending
horizontally for a distance of eight
feet from any outermost electrical
conductor or wire installed from
pole to pole and vertically from the
ground to the sky through a four
year cycle. The specification
requires the pruning and removal
of trees and limbs within the utility
protection zone and retaining
desirable low height or ornamental
trees that are already within the
zone or those that are planted
under a Right Tree – Right Place
program. Additionally, the
Company identifies and removes
hazardous trees from outside of the
zone that could fall causing
damage to utility infrastructure,
facilities or equipment
Docket No. 12-01-10 PURA
Investigation Into The Tree Trimming
Practices of Connecticut Utility
Companies
7. List of Attachments
1. UI Service Territory Map
2. Vegetation Management Specification, December 2013
28
ATTACHMENT 1
The United Illuminating Company
Service Territory
Map
Fairfield County
New Haven County
Bridgeport
Easton
Fairfield
Shelton
Stratford
Trumbull
Ansonia
Derby
East Haven
Hamden
Milford
New Haven
North Branford
North Haven
Orange
West Haven
Woodbridge
Vegetation Management Specification
ATTACHMENT 2
THE UNITED ILLUMINATING COMPANY
VEGETATION MANAGEMENT
SPECIFICATION
Revised November 2014
Vegetation Management Specification
Table of Contents
Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................................32
Scope ......................................................................................................................................................................................33
Regulations ..........................................................................................................................................................................33
Evaluation ............................................................................................................................................................................34
A. Distribution Line Clearance Specification– Utility Protection Zone (DLCS) .......................................34
B. Other Clearance and Operational Requirements ..........................................................................................37
C. Substation Vegetation Maintenance Requirements .....................................................................................38
D. Transmission Rights-of-Way Clearance Requirements ..............................................................................38
E. Distribution Rights-of-Way Clearance Requirements .................................................................................39
Workflow Management ..................................................................................................................................................39
Methods/Practices ...........................................................................................................................................................40
Contractor Responsibilities...........................................................................................................................................42
Glossary ................................................................................................................................................................................46
General Worker Guidelines ...........................................................................................................................................48
Customer Consent Process ............................................................................................................................................49
Exhibit A ...............................................................................................................................................................................54
Exhibit B ...............................................................................................................................................................................55
Exhibit C................................................................................................................................................................................56
Exhibit D ...............................................................................................................................................................................57
Exhibit E................................................................................................................................................................................58
Exhibit F ................................................................................................................................................................................59
Exhibit G ...............................................................................................................................................................................60
Exhibit H ...............................................................................................................................................................................61
Exhibit I .................................................................................................................................................................................62
Exhibit J .................................................................................................................................................................................63
31
Vegetation Management Specification
Introduction
The United Illuminating Company remains committed to providing high levels of reliability, while
simultaneously ensuring customer safety and satisfaction, and controlling cost. In 2013, the Company
completed the sixteenth year of the Performance-Based tree trimming program. All customer requests and
concerns about tree conditions are investigated and tree work is performed as required to eliminate those
concerns whether from an electric safety or reliability point of view.
From 1997 to 2013 the overhead distribution line clearance program consisted of a split four-year and
eight-year cycle for planned tree trimming. The three-phase portion of the system was trimmed on a fouryear cycle, while the single-phase portion of the system was trimmed on an eight-year cycle or where
performance triggered more frequent trimming. Any single-phase portion of the system that experienced
two or more tree related outages in a 36-month period was, at a minimum, trimmed to minimize the
potential for future outages. Other system modifications, such as reconductoring bare wire with covered
conductor, may also be performed to help minimize the potential for future tree related outages. In
addition, tree work is completed at new construction sites as needed.
Beyond the Line Clearance planned circuit miles program, the Company implements the following
vegetation management programs to maintain or enhance the reliability of the electric distribution system:

Hazardous Trees: The Hazardous Tree program requires the complete removal to ground of all
identified trees. Hazard trees are identified in several ways including; UI vegetation management
resources, contractor permissions personnel, tree trim crews, town tree wardens and customers.
The hazard tree removal program is designed to remove trees identified as dead, dying, diseased or
structurally defective and located outside of the normal trim area, but pose a potential hazard to UI
facilities. The process involves identification of hazardous trees through the circuit trimming
program, reliability engineer, and Line Clearance Arborist and Technicians followed by
communications with customers, CDOT and/or municipalities to inform them of the hazard and to
obtain their consent to remove.

Vine Management: Vine Management is the removal of various vines from poles and guy wires
including the ground cut, removal, chip and disposal of debris.

Distribution Rights-Of Way Line Clearance: Rights-of-Way Line Clearance is the removal of
overgrowth on the distribution rights-of ways. Typically, such work is identified and generated
through ROW inspections and maintenance trim cycles.
32
Vegetation Management Specification
Transmission lines are trimmed on a four year cycle (approx. 25% per year). The cycle based trimming is
supplemented with inspection of 100% of the overhead transmission lines. UI’s Transmission Vegetation
Management Program (TVMP) complies with the North American Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC)
FAC-003-1 Standard, covering all the transmission lines operated at 200kV and above, and specific lower
voltage lines designated by the Northeast Power Coordinating Council (NPCC) as being critical to the
reliability of the electric system in the region. Transmission line ROW are inspected annually by foot patrol
for the purpose of identifying vegetation conditions that could encroach the vegetation to conductor
clearance requirements, impact electric service reliability or create a hazard to the public.
UI continues to work with local tree wardens, as well as civic and professional groups, to help educate
customers about the proper selection and care of trees that may be planted near UI’s electric facilities. In
addition, safety brochures are distributed annually through bill inserts, and other events are held to
educate the public on the dangers associated with energized wires and the importance of having qualified
tree contractors or UI line clearance crews remove hazardous tree growth. We believe that we can
continue to provide safe, reliable service in a cost-effective manner by working together with our
customers in matters of line clearance and vegetation management.
Scope
The scope of this specification is to provide requirements and guidelines for line clearance pruning and the
removing of trees, brush and other vegetation in close proximity to overhead electric distribution facilities
located on public and/or private rights-of-way.
General:
 The Company: The United Illuminating Company (UI)
 Contractor: The firm that has been awarded a formal contract to perform work
Regulations
All work practices and definitions, except as otherwise specified herein, shall be in accordance with all
applicable Industry, Federal, State and Local laws and regulations, approved standards and safety practices.
These include all applicable sections of the following but are not limited to:
 OSHA 29CFR 1910.269 Electric Power Generation, Transmission & Distribution
NERC FAC-003-1 Transmission Vegetation Management Program or current standard
 ANSI A300 “Standard Practices for Trees, Shrubs and Other Woody Plant Maintenance”
 ANSI Z133.1 “Pruning, Trimming, Repairing, Maintaining and Removing Trees, and Cutting Brush –
Safety Requirements”
 NESC
 Connecticut General Statutes
 Department of Transportation
 Local Ordinances
 “Pruning Trees Near Electric Utility Lines” by Dr. Alex L. Shigo

Best Management Practices, Utility Pruning of Trees.
33
Vegetation Management Specification
Evaluation
Each tree must be evaluated individually at least 10 days prior to any non-emergent tree work being
performed by contractor work planners and/or crew personnel. At the time of the evaluation, consent will
be obtained from the property owner. Consideration must be given to the tree species, condition, growth
rate and failure characteristics, PROW limitations, tree location, the potential combined movement of
vegetation and conductors during routine winds, and sagging of conductors due to elevated temperatures
or icing when performing line clearance. This evaluation should include growth rate, species, shape,
condition and location of the tree and the likelihood of encroachment to the UPZ. When requesting written
consent for tree pruning or removal from municipal tree wardens, the State Department of Transportation,
abutting property owners and private property owners, UI’s tree contractor Work Planners will use the 8
foot line clearance dimension as the starting point for evaluation of the UPZ and will normally request the
removal of all encroaching trees and limbs. The actual distance will result from the required cut of the tree
so that a healthy tree remains.
Pole mounted electrical equipment such as transformers, capacitors, switches, etc. should be provided at
least ten (10) feet of clearance and in accordance with the DLCS – UPZ.
Secondary and service conductors should be cleared such that tree limbs do not rub conductors or entangle
the wire.
A.
Distribution Line Clearance Specification– Utility Protection Zone (DLCS)
DLCS establishes the "utility protection zone" which is the rectangular area extending horizontally for
a distance of eight feet from any outermost electrical conductor or wire installed from pole to pole
and vertically from the ground to the sky.
DLCS includes cutting, trimming and removal of tree limbs or trees within the utility protection zone
and retaining desirable low height or ornamental trees that are already within the zone or those that
are planted under a Right Tree – Right Place program. Additionally, the Company would identify and
remove in whole or in part hazardous trees that could fall from outside of the zone causing damage to
utility infrastructure, facilities or equipment..
The following drawings illustrate the Utility Protection Zone:
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Vegetation Management Specification
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Vegetation Management Specification
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Vegetation Management Specification
B.
Other Clearance and Operational Requirements
Trees or limbs imminently hazardous to any part of the Distribution System shall be patrolled and
mitigated with notification to and approval from qualified UI personnel. Photographic evidence of the
imminent threat is secured prior to threat mitigation, where possible or practical.
Pole mounted electrical equipment such as transformers, capacitors, switches, etc. should be
provided at least ten (10) feet of clearance in accordance with the DLCS.
Secondary and service conductors should be cleared such that tree limbs do not rub conductors or
entangle the wire.
Remove hazard trees within the UPZ and on private property after obtaining written consent from
the abutting private property owner.
Pruning cuts shall be performed in a manner that retains the structural integrity and health of the
vegetation.
Consideration shall be given to critical loads and the number of customers served by the circuit
segment where tree work is performed.
No tree work shall be performed (pruning or removal) within the public right-of-way without a
permit from the municipal tree warden or the State Commissioner of Transportation.
Any non-hazardous tree located in whole or in part within the UPZ may be retained, provided that its
species, condition and growth rate indicate that pruning without removal will reduce the risk of harm
to the utility infrastructure.
Written consent shall be obtained from the tree owner to prune or remove a tree on private property.
“Brush” is defined as an undesirable woody plant normally maturing at 20 feet or more in height,
with single or multiple stems, and with a small, minimal, or no crown. It shall have a diameter at
breast height (DBH, 4.5 feet above ground) of 6 inches or less. Brush shall be cut to the ground line
where topography and obstructions will permit.
Vines shall be removed from down guys and poles. If vines are in contact with energized wires, the
worker while in an aerial lift shall cut out a section of the vine stem measuring approximately one (1)
foot in length starting at a point approximately 30 inches below the lowest electric wire. Then, the
worker shall ground cut the vine(s) a minimum 5 feet from pole or down guy.
Street Lights – The local municipality is responsible to perform routine maintenance trimming to
maintain street light patterns on sidewalks and roadways. Conflicts with energized lines shall be
referred to UI by the municipality. Limbs in direct contact with street light mast or head shall be
pruned clear to reduce possibility of equipment damage.
Private Area Lights – During routine maintenance, pruning should clear any vegetation on the pole
which is obstructing the pole-mounted fixture.
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Vegetation Management Specification
C.
Substation Vegetation Maintenance Requirements
Substation facilities are maintained year-round to ensure security and safety of workers and the
public. Trap rock within the fenced-in and energized areas must always be kept free of vegetation.
Maintaining a vegetation-free, substation ground surface reduces ground potential to workers in the
substation yard. It also eliminates tripping hazards. The Contractor will perform manual,
mechanical, and pesticide application to maintain a bare ground for the substation facilities.
All Substation perimeter fences must be kept clear of all vegetation on both inside and outside.
Substation equipment, facilities, security equipment are to be maintained free of vegetation assuring
safe operation of equipment, safety to public and workers, and secure facilities.
Property boundaries and terrain permitting, a minimum of 10 feet outside of perimeter fences is to be
kept clear of all tall-growing vegetation including no overhang to any fence from abutting trees or
vegetation. Any potential climbing access to the substation yard is to be eliminated. For erosion
control, grasses, ferns and other low-growing species are allowed in the 10 foot perimeter fence
buffer zone with the exception of any invasive species (vines, olive, multi-flora rose, etc.). This buffer
zone area is maintained once annually, with spot clearing as necessary.
D. Transmission Rights-of-Way Clearance Requirements
Rights-Of-Way (ROW) clearing and maintenance shall be performed in accordance with “The United
Illuminating (UI) Transmission Vegetation Management Program” (TVMP). The TVMP is in
compliance with and adheres to guidelines set forth in NERC FAC-003-1.
Floor Maintenance:
All ROW will be cleared of tall-growing and invasive species; leaving low-growing shrubs, ferns, forbs
and grasses.
To provide for inspection of facilities, where terrain permits, vegetation will be cleared to allow for
foot and/or vehicle access.
Side Maintenance:
All encroaching side vegetation will be pruned back in accordance with ANSI A300 pruning standards
and to a minimum of 20 feet where ROW, Easement, or private property owner consent permits.
While performing rights-of-way cycle maintenance, floor and side, and where possible/accessible, off
ROW trees are to be inspected for their potential fall-in risk and hazard to the conductors, towers,
and facilities. The UI Transmission Vegetation Management Lead is to be notified for follow-up
inspection, immediately after a potentially hazardous tree is located.
Site conditions dictate the best and most efficient method to clear utility ROW. No right-of-way
terrain is level for its entire length. Additionally, UI ROW traverse a variety of field conditions
including grades greater than 45 degrees, wetlands, landscaped private property, railways, and areas
inaccessible by vehicle. Consequently, the use of manual, mechanical, herbicide, or other vegetation
control methods will be implemented where most practical. Note: The use of herbicide on UI ROW is
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Vegetation Management Specification
currently under consideration for use and is being evaluated. There is currently no use of herbicide
on UI ROW.
The Contractor working on the United Illuminating’s ROW is to adhere to all applicable federal, state
and local laws and ordinances.
E.
Distribution Rights-of-Way Clearance Requirements
I.
General
Distribution ROW are to be maintained clear of trees to permit access for line maintenance
and provide for safe operation. Such land strips are usually occupied and maintained under
long term easements. The Contractor shall contact the Line Clearance Arborist or designee
if at any time during ROW maintenance there is uncertainty as to easement rights to prune
or remove trees on a private ROW.
II.
Tree Pruning and Removal
Vegetation management of ROW will adhere to the new Distribution Line Clearance
Specification.
Vines on poles, towers and fixtures shall be ground cut, cleared, and removed.
Brush, when access prevents chipping, shall be handled in such a manner as to avoid
obstructing roadways, pathways, and waterways or leaving a distinct fire hazard. Brush is
to be wind-rowed at right-of-way edge.
Potential hazard trees outside an established R.O.W. shall be removed as directed by UI’s
Line Clearance Arborist, or designee, or crew foreman after the customer’s permission has
been obtained.
Workflow Management
UI has established a Distribution Line Clearance Specification and VM Program with an objective of
improving the efficiency and effectiveness of Vegetation Management.
Some key areas of focus for this program include:

The creation and scheduling of all line clearance activities in a single, mobile enabled system

Providing the ability to access and report on information in a timely and accurate manner

A reduction or elimination of paper based processes
This program supports the Company’s ability to establish the DLCS and adhere to the processes outlined in
Public Act 14-151 and the Decision in Docket No. 12-01-10.
UI has developed a paperless, computer tablet based workflow to manage the property owner consent,
objection and request for modification, and quality control processes.
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Vegetation Management Specification
The success of this program is dependent upon the ability to improve performance on a daily basis, the
ability to document and manage the vegetation management workflow process, and the ability to become a
data driven organization for the purpose of continuous improvement.
Areas of focus will be on:

Identification of tree pruning and removal needs

Obtaining municipal Tree Warden permits and property owner consent

Objections and requests for modification and documentation of same

Work order creation

Scheduling of crews

Close-out and reporting

The process should be ‘paperless’
Methods/Practices
I.
General
Directional pruning, as defined in ANSI A-300 shall be used as a guide to achieve required clearances
for trees that are to be maintained and not removed.
Qualified Line Clearance workers are to use their professional judgment and knowledge to obtain the
necessary clearances based upon the specification for the circuit being worked on.
Climbing irons or “hooks” should not be used except in cases involving tree removal work or where
field conditions make vehicular access impossible.
The completed job shall result in adherence to clearances specified in Section A, correctly pruned
trees per accepted arboricultural standards as described in ANSI A-300, all required reporting forms
(time sheets, approval and production forms, etc.) completed accurately, and the satisfactory and safe
operation of the overhead distribution system.
II.
Tree Removal
For any tree removal, the Contractor will follow the Customer Consent Process. Tree crews shall not
undertake any work involving hazardous conditions that could lead to potential outages or damage to
equipment. All concerns or uncertainty of risk should be directed to the Utility Arborist.
III. Tree Stump Removal
Tree stump removal, if desired, is the jurisdiction and responsibility of the tree’s owner: CT State
DOT, the local municipality, or private property owner.
Stumps on private R.O.W.’s shall be cut low enough to permit unhindered travel of motorized
equipment.
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Vegetation Management Specification
IV.
Brush
“Brush” is defined as an undesirable woody plant normally maturing at 20 feet or more in height,
with single or multiple stems, and with a small, minimal, or no crown. It shall have a diameter at
breast height (DBH, 4.5 feet above ground) of 6 inches or less. Brush shall be cut to the ground line
where topography and obstructions will permit.
V.
Clean-up & Disposal
All brush and debris resulting from all planned work and scheduled cyclical maintenance work shall
be completely removed from the work area (e.g. fine twigs and litter removed from lawns, the street,
sidewalks and driveways).
Brush or wood shall not be allowed to remain on public thoroughfares or on private property
overnight unless arrangements have been made by the contractor’s crew leader or UI Arborist, or
designee with the tree’s owner.
All line clearance by-products (e.g. brush, wood chips, logs, wood, etc.) must be disposed of at
approved sites and in the most economical way. Brush or wood shall not be burned.
The removal of brush, debris, or wood resulting from an unplanned
event, (e.g. Tree or limb failure, naturally occurring limb abscission,
minor or major weather event,) is not the utility contractor’s or UI’s
responsibility to remove, It’s the responsibility of the tree’s owner.
Every effort shall be made to clear brush, debris, and wood generated
from an unplanned event, from roadways, sidewalks, and driveways to
allow for vehicle and pedestrian passage. Door-hangers provided by UI,
are to be used to communicate to UI customers the procedures
regarding clean-up and/or follow-up for unplanned events.
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Vegetation Management Specification
Contractor Responsibilities
I.
General
The Contractor is responsible to provide the Company with workers that are properly trained to
perform their work safely and competently and interact with the public with professional courtesy at
all times.
All work shall be in accordance with recognized and approved arboricultural standards and perform
in accordance with all Federal OSHA, ANSI, State and Local requirements appropriate for such work.
The contractor will also comply with the Contract terms, rules and specifications established by
United Illuminating for such work.
Contractor is to obtain all permits and licenses imposed by law, pay all charges and fees, and give
notices necessary and incidental to the due and lawful prosecution of the work.
Contractor is to provide certified copies of liability insurance coverage for public and private
liabilities which may arise in connection with their work.
Contractor is to provide all labor, tools, equipment, transportation and materials to perform line
clearance work. Apparatus shall be in proper operating condition and adequately maintained.
Contractor shall provide employees with suitable foul weather gear and other apparatus necessary to
perform night emergency work, including emergency lighting. The contractor’s equipment shall be
neat appearing. Appropriate first-aid supplies, as required by OSHA, shall be a part of the standard
equipment on all vehicles.
Adequate spare equipment and tools shall be readily available to insure that workers are not delayed
in performing the required work. The billing rate for equipment shall be all-inclusive including, but
not limited to: fuels, lubricants and maintenance, hand and power tools.
Each crew is to have a copy of these standards and specifications and Dr. Shigo booklets (“Pruning
Trees Near Electric Utility Lines) on each crew truck/work location.
Each crew is to be trained to understand and retain this specification, have knowledge of all
procedures and policies, understand all glossary definitions and perform all work compliant with all
company applicable specifications/requirements.
II.
Safety
The contractor shall take the necessary precautions to prevent personal injury or damage to property
and shall conduct operations with a minimum of interference to traffic or inconvenience to the public.
In this area of safety and health, the contractor shall:
a. Observe the contractor’s safety rules at all times.
b. Treat every circuit and/or line as energized.
c. Observe all applicable Federal, State, and Local laws.
d. Adhere to all company safety rules
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Vegetation Management Specification
If in the judgment of the contractor’s foreman, it is hazardous to perform the assigned work with the
circuit or conductors energized, UI supervision shall be contacted. The necessary protective line
hardware or de-energized circuit(s) or conductors will be provided by UI.
ANY tree that is observed to have potential child access to any conductor, equipment, or UI facility, is
to be reported immediately to the UI Arborist, or designee
III. Damage Notification
The contractor crew foreman and/or General Foreman is to notify the UI Arborist or designee, as
soon as possible, of all defects, damage, etc., observed on UI overhead facilities (e.g. leaking
transformer, wire off pin, pole top pin, broken basket, etc.). This notification is required regardless of
cause. Dangerous conditions should be reported immediately. Any damage caused to private
property, at any time, is to be reported immediately to the UI Arborist or designee and resolved as
soon as practical with the aggrieved party, with courtesy and professionalism.
IV.
Work Assignments
Line clearance work addresses four major categories:
 DLCS
 New Capital Construction
 Customer Requests
 Special Projects
UI will provide necessary maps and report forms to the contractor indicating the planned work area.
UI Supervision reserves the right to re-assign a crew(s) from their scheduled work area to a
temporary work area as conditions and needs warrant, at any time.
V.
Traffic Control
The Contractor will be responsible for coordinating and scheduling of traffic control for all work
billable monthly as a separate item and passed through to UI with required back up (invoices, sign-off
slips, etc.). A monthly Traffic Control Invoice Status Summary sheet will be provided to UI indicating
individual municipal charges and payment status.
VI.
Reports
The foremen of each crew shall record required billing and production information on the contractor
daily time sheet or applicable forms. All reporting forms and time sheets are to be delivered to the UI
Line Clearance personnel at the end of each working week. In addition, the Contractor shall provide
monthly reporting via electronic format on safety, productivity, customer objections, and summary
report of performance as required by UI.
NOTE: UI and its contractor(s) will work together to further define additional
reporting requirements and methods of tracking.
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VII. Public Contact
A. Consent
1. DLCS
The contractor, as an agent for UI, shall request consent from the abutting property owner to
prune or remove trees around electric conductors on public or private property. In the
interest of public relations:
a. Confirm that the person you are speaking to is the property owner.
b. Clearly convey exactly what needs to be pruned or removed to establish the UPZ and
maintain safe, reliable electric service.
c. Once an agreement has been reached, repeat and confirm the plan, and have the
property owner sign the consent form.
d. If the property owner is not home, leave a customer door hanger package (hanger,
brochure and consent form) on the door.
Contractor shall not obligate UI to make any payments to another party, nor make any
promises or representations of any nature to another party for, or on behalf of UI, without
prior approval of UI.
2. State Highway
Each crew must have a copy of the State Tree Trimming Permit with Permit Number when
performing tree work on a State Highway.
B.
Complaints
In managing complaints, the contractor shall use its best effort to maintain and promote good
public relations. The contractor shall not make payment to local inspectors, property owners or
any other persons for any right to trim or remove trees.
The contractor shall immediately inform UI of any damage complaints from a customer,
regardless of the cause or extent of damage and of all resolutions and settlements.
The contractor shall give immediate attention to, and shall use its best efforts to promptly,
courteously and equitably respond to, adjust and/or settle, without obligation to the UI, all
complaints received by the contractor from third parties arising out of, or in connection with,
performance of their work.
C.
Customer Relations
Contractor crew members are UI representatives to our customers. Consequently, each person is
expected and required to treat the customer in a professional and courteous manner.
If any crew member is approached by the abutting property owner, State, or municipal official
and cannot properly address their concern; they are to contact their supervisor immediately who
will immediately respond to the customer’s concerns. The contractor shall notify UI of all
customer complaints and damage claims .
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Vegetation Management Specification
Numerous contacts with local municipalities and customers provide an excellent opportunity to
make a positive impression. A worker’s appearance, attitude and methods of approach must
reflect creditably upon the Company. They must possess a good knowledge of human nature,
arboriculture and have the ability to quickly evaluate situations to secure tree work permissions
and, at the same time, establish friendly relations.
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Vegetation Management Specification
Glossary
Brush
Clearance
“Brush” is defined as an undesirable woody plant normally
maturing at 20 feet or more in height, with single or multiple
stems, and with a small, minimal, or no crown. It shall have a
diameter at breast height (DBH, 4.5 feet above ground) of 6
inches or less.
The distance from the conductor to the part of the tree that
will interfere with or grow into the conductor first.
Crew Foreman
The tree contractor’s crew leader working with and
supervising the line clearance crews.
Diameter Breast Height (DBH)
Diameter of tree or brush at a point 4 ½ feet above the ground.
Distribution Line Clearance
Specification (DLCS)
The pruning or removal of vegetation to establish a utility
protection zone, without removal of low growing desirable
tree species.
General Foreman
Supervisory personnel working for the contractor who has
responsibility for work performed by that particular
contractor’s tree crews.
Ground Cutting
Completely removing trees or brush at the ground level.
Hazardous Tree
"Hazardous tree" means any tree or part of a tree that is (1)
dead, (2) diseased, (3) extensively decayed, or (4) structurally
weak which, if it falls, would endanger life or property,
including utility infrastructure, facilities or equipment.
Assigning tree trimming crews in a manner that does not
involve systematic, scheduled program maintenance work.
Hot-Spotting
Line Clearance
Controlling vegetation to maintain proper clearance from
conductors. Synonymous with tree clearing, tree trimming or
vegetation management.
Natural Trimming
Trimming to reduce the height and/or spread of a tree, while
attempting to maintain the tree’s natural form, by cutting
branches back to a lateral limb, towards the center of the
crown. A method by which branches are cut to the branch
collar at a suitable parent limb back toward the center of the
tree. This method of trimming is sometimes called “dropcrotching” or “lateral, trimming”. Natural trimming is also
directional trimming, since it tends to guide tree growth away
from wires.
Overhanging Limbs
Tree limbs extending over the top of conductors.
Pruning
The removal in a scientific manner of dead, dying, diseased,
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Vegetation Management Specification
interfering, objectionable, and/or structurally weak branches
using arboricultural accepted techniques.
Removal
Completely removing an entire tree to ground level; required
when a tree is described as a hazardous tree or when a tree
should be removed for other reasons.
Reliability Circuit Trim
Schedule (RCTS)
The master schedule list of UI’s overhead distribution circuits
that is based on reliability performance, time-based
maintenance, and Tier 1&2 town and state facility priorities.
Rounding Over
Not accepted. The making of many small cuts so that the
tree top is sheared in a uniform line. This creates an
unhealthy tree condition and results in rapid regrowth
directly back toward the area intended to remain cleared.
Also known as “topping”
Sag
The vertical distance that a conductor will drop due to heavy load
current and/or high temperature.
Shearing
See “Rounding Over”
Shrub
A desirable woody plant normally maturing at less than 15 feet in
height, presenting a generally bushy appearance because of its
several erect or spreading stems.
Side Pruning
Pruning back or removing the side branches that are encroaching
the utility protection zone; required where trees are growing
adjacent to conductors.
Species
The basic category of biological classification intended to designate a
distinct group or kind of plant or animal having common attributes.
Sway
The horizontal distance that a conductor will move due to wind.
Top Pruning
Pruning back portions of the upper crown of a tree; required when
trees are located directly beneath a conductor.
Tree
"tree" is defined as a woody plant normally maturing at 20 feet or
more in height, usually with a single trunk, un-branched for several
feet above ground, with a definite crown. It shall have a diameter at
breast height (4.5 feet above ground) of greater than 6 inches
Tree Crown
Upper portion of the tree; the branches or leaf area.
Trimming
See “Pruning”
Trim Cycle
The desired period of time to repeat vegetation management.
Utility Protection Zone (UPZ)
Any rectangular area extending horizontally for a distance of eight
feet from any outermost electrical conductor or wire installed from
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Vegetation Management Specification
pole to pole and vertically from the ground to the sky.
General Worker Guidelines
First impressions count!
The following items are important to remember at all times:
Crew Image




Be neat in appearance.
Have an orderly appearance of the work vehicles.
Be professional in conduct and attitude.
Have energetic work habits.
Public Relations




Be courteous and sociable.
Be attentive to customer’s concerns.
Have respect for the customer’s property.
Leave the area as you first found it (or better).
Job Knowledge
 Conduct a “Tailboard Conference” before starting the job (e.g. Confirm what, who, where,
why, etc.).
 Be knowledgeable in utility vegetation management practices and safety.
 Prepare before approaching a customer (e.g. Have in mind the importance to trim the line,
the species of tree involved, type of trim needed, etc.).
 Have confidence in yourself.
Communication - (for anyone addressing a customer to gain consent to prune or
remove)






Control the volume and tone of your voice.
Maintain professional body language.
Concentrate on what the customer is saying. Don’t interrupt.
Don’t draw premature conclusions. Ask questions.
Identify clearly what work is to be done. Confirm it.
Prune/clear only what had been discussed.
You represent the UI Company and are expected to
treat the customer with respect and value
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Vegetation Management Specification
CUSTO M E R CON SE NT
P ROCESS
Dated: No vember 17, 2014
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Vegetation Management Specification
This section of the plan has been amended to comply with changes to the
notification and consent process required by Public Act 14-151.
Preface
UI overhead Distribution infrastructure requires sufficient clearance from all vegetation to ensure safe,
reliable electric service to our customers. Successful Vegetation Management performed on State,
municipal, or a customer’s property, secured through Notification, Permit, and/or Appeals processes, is
paramount and achieved through good communications and public education.
Purpose
To provide the Company and its Contractor(s) a formal process for obtaining consent from a property
owner to perform enhanced UPZ line clearance work and resolve cases where the property owner objects
or requests a modification to the proposed Vegetation Management (VM).
Scope
The scope of the Customer Consent Process applies to vegetation management work performed on UI’s
overhead Distribution System. Connecticut law requires UI to notify the abutting property owner of
vegetation maintenance that is planned within the Utility Protection Zone (UPZ). Notification is allowed for
the pruning or removal of trees within the public right-of-way. Written consent is required for trees on
private property. UI requests property owner consent, Exhibit A, so that we may maintain safe and reliable
electric service to customers and so that decisions regarding the extent of tree pruning and removal are
made at the local level. Property Owners have the right to object or request a modification to the proposed
tree work. If they do not consent, the law gives UI the right to appeal their objection or request for
modification to either the tree warden or the State Department of Transportation or the Public Utilities
Regulatory Authority.
Responsibilities
Contractor:
1.
Obtain consent from abutting property owner within planned work area before starting any
VM. If the property owner is not home, a “door knob hanger” (See Exhibits B&C), notification
information, shall be delivered to the abutting property owner. Two additional attempts shall
be made to obtain consent of VM using the best means available and practical (door-hanger,
direct phone calls, etc.). All attempts to make contact for the VM shall be logged noting the
dates and times that the attempts were made.
2.
Where property owner contact for consent cannot be obtained after three attempts, the
contractor Work Planner will identify the property as a no contact in the work plan database
and visit the town hall and determine who owns the property from the public land records.
Using this information, UI will send no contact letters (See Exhibit D), using US Postal Service
CERTIFIED MAIL, to the property owners notifying them of UI’s intent to prune and/or remove
trees within the UPZ.
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Vegetation Management Specification
3.
For the Transmission Vegetation Management Program the Contractor will use the “NERC
Clearance Issues” forms Clearance 1 and 2 (Exhibit E & F), or other applicable provided forms,
for reporting locations not meeting those standards. Note the “Job Issue” or difficulty
(customer consent, access problem, permit/legal issue, or arboricultural issue) that caused the
non-compliant clearance, Exhibit E & F UI employees, Line Clearance contractors, (Line
Clearance contractors and ROW inspection contractors) are to notify the Transmission
Vegetation Management Lead or designee via cell phone immediately of any locations that do
not meet the NERC FAC-003-1 Clearance 2 standard. (clearance distance of 10 feet for 345KV
and 4 feet for 115KV lines)
These forms should be forwarded to the UI Transmission Line Clearance Arborist or designee at
the end of each week. In addition, “Serious” Conditions are to be reported to Supervision
verbally when found.
The Transmission Vegetation Management Lead or designee is to review all reports and forms
forwarded by the Line Clearance and ROW inspection contractors and will proceed as follows:
a. Re-Inspect all locations reported as not meeting either Clearance 1 or 2 this is to verify the
information reported.
b. The Transmission Vegetation Management Lead or designee works with the property
owner, the Line Clearance Tree Contractor; UI’s Transmission Operations, Real Estate, and
Legal Departments to secure permissions/approvals to achieve the clearances necessary to
be compliant and meet TVMP specifications. .
c. Any unresolved and unmitigated clearance conditions are reported by location to UI’s
Transmission Operations, Real Estate, and Legal Departments for review to explore any
alternatives for eventual mitigation and resolution of the non-compliant condition.
The TVMP Permission and Tracking Process diagram (Exhibit D) depicts the process of
obtaining permission from property owners and tracking all locations that do not meet the
NERC FAC-003-1 standards, Clearances 1 & 2.
Objections or Requests for Modification
When there is an objection, the work planner works with the property owner to determine what level of
pruning is acceptable using the following guidelines:




If a removal is objected to, request the removal of all overhanging limbs within the UPZ.
If the removal of all overhanging limbs within the UPZ is objected to, request the removal of all
limbs within 20 feet above, 10 feet below and 8 feet to the side of the conductors.
If the removal of 20 feet above, 10 feet below and 8 feet to the side of the conductors is objected to,
request the removal of all limbs within 15 feet above, 10 feet below and 8 feet to the side of the
conductors.
If the removal 15 feet above, 10 feet below and 8 feet to the side of the conductors is objected to,
request the removal of all limbs to achieve the previous obtained clearance. Remove suckers,
deadwood and limbs with structural defects.
Objections that result in requests for modification (RFM) for some of the trees at the property are recorded
as Partial Objections. If the property owner objects to all tree work or all work is a request for
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Vegetation Management Specification
modification, the objection is recorded as a Full Objection.
For each objected (or request for modification) tree, the work planner will record the tree species,
diameter at breast height (DBH), hazard and risk characteristics, reason for the objection or modification,
and take a photo of each tree.
This data is included in the Tree Warden Review report. The property owner is then asked to sign the
consent form either electronically (via the Vegetation Management mobile application) or on hard copy.
On Tuesday of each week, UI reviews the previous week’s objections and RFMs to determine if the tree
conditions merit a review of the electrical system impacts or, if it is a RFM, whether the modification is
acceptable. If UI accepts the RFMs, the objection process is complete and a tree crew job assignment is
created.
On Wednesday of each week, objections and RFMs deemed unacceptable from the previous step are passed
on to UI Operations Engineering to determine the electrical system (ES) impacts and a review by the Tree
Warden or the State Department of Transportation (DOT) is recommended if one or more of the following
criteria are met:







Greater than 100 customers affected
Municipal Priority affected
State priority affected
Blocked assisted living center
Blocked medical customer
Blocked municipal priority
Blocked state priority
Each week, the objections and RFMs are sent to the Tree Warden or DOT in the form of a Tree Warden
Review report and request a decision within 10 days. For each tree that requires a decision, the Tree
Warden is asked to render a decision as one of the following:




Hazard
Sustained
Sustained with Modifications
Overturned
When the Tree Warden’s rulings are received they will be recorded and reviewed by UI Vegetation
Management to determine the next step:
If the Tree Warden rules a tree to be hazardous, the customer will be notified, if time allows due to the
hazard, and work will be scheduled to prune or remove the tree as necessary.
If the Tree Warden rules and overturns the objection or RFM, the property owner is notified that UI plans
to proceed with the planned work. (The property owner has an opportunity within 10 days of the Tree
Warden’s ruling to either accept the ruling or appeal to PURA.)
52
Vegetation Management Specification
If the Tree Warden rules and sustains the objection or RFM (with or without modifications), UI will either
perform the work within the limits of the modification, appeal to PURA, or let the objection or RFM stand.
(UI has 10 days to decide to accept the Tree Warden’s ruling or appeal to PURA).
UI will record and review the reasons for the Tree Warden sustaining or overturning a property owner
objection or modification and then decide if an appeal of the Tree Warden’s decision will be made to PURA.
UI has established a guideline for determining when it will appeal a Tree Warden decision to PURA.
Objections and/or requests for modification will normally be appealed, if one or more of the following
criteria are met:













Communication facilities at risk
Hazardous Tree
High customer impact >500 customers
High risk customers (medical, assisted living, etc.)
Major fuel terminal at risk
Major roadway blockage risk
Modification does not reduce risk
Multiple Critical facilities at risk
Multiple tree risk factors
Road blockage of critical facilities
Sewage treatment facility at risk
Tree warden did not provide a ruling
Water treatment/pumping facility at risk
Flow charts for the consent, objection and no contact processes are provided in Exhibits G, H and I.
53
Vegetation Management Specification
Exhibit A:
54
Vegetation Management Specification
Exhibit B
55
Vegetation Management Specification
Exhibit C
56
Vegetation Management Specification
Exhibit D
The United Illuminating Company
100 Marsh Hill Road, Orange, CT 06477-3629
203-499-2000
Date
Dear Property Owner:
United Illuminating (UI) is performing line clearance tree work in your neighborhood to ensure safe, reliable and cost
effective service during normal weather and to ensure a more resilient electrical system during extraordinary weather events.
UI was directed to perform this work after the damage caused by major storms in 2011 and 2012.
We recently attempted to contact you directly at your property at (insert address here) but were unable to make a connection
after 3 attempts. Prior to performing any tree work within the Utility Protection Zone (UPZ) or on or overhanging any public
road, public highway or public ground, Connecticut state law requires that we provide the abutting property owner or private
property owner with notification of our intended work at least 15 business days prior to the start date of any pruning or
removal. Please consider this letter your formal notification of our intention to prune and remove all trees and limbs within
the UPZ. Additional information regarding UI’s Vegetation Management program can be found in the attached brochure or
on UI’s website at www.uinet.com/trees. You may also send requests for information to trees@uinet.com.
You may consent, object or request a modification to the proposed tree work. If you object or request a modification, you
must send a written objection or request for modification within 10 business days of receiving this notice to both UI and your
municipal tree warden or, if your property abuts a state road, the Connecticut Department of Transportation, or by electronic
mail to trees@uinet.com. An objection may include a request for consultation with the tree warden or the Commissioner of
Transportation. Please note that an objection or request a modification begins a review process that may ultimately be
decided by the Connecticut Public Regulatory Authority (PURA). If you exercise your right to object to the proposed tree
work, or request a modification, it may increase the risk that you or your neighbors will lose power if a storm or
extraordinary weather event brings trees in contact with UI’s electrical equipment. However, you will not be billed for any
resulting damage to UI’s system.
If you do not file an objection or request for modification within the 10 business day objection/modification period, our tree
contractor will proceed with the work for which notice of pruning or removal has been delivered.
Sincerely,
David A. Goodson
Manager Vegetation Management
United Illuminating
100 Marsh Hill Road
Orange, CT 06477
Tree Warden or DOT Address
Street
Town, CT 06XXX
57
Vegetation Management Specification
Exhibit E:
NERC CLEARANCE 1 ISSUES
LOG SHEET (example)
The lis t below is a com pilation of locations logged by the Tree Contractor where CLEARANCE 1 (NERC FAC-003-1) could not be obtained.
LINE
#
TWN
ST. REFERENCE
TOWER/
CAT.#
BRIEF
WORK DESCRIPTION
Signs of
Burning
MN
MN
UI LINE TOWN
FLAG? Ground? OUT?
PD?
JOB
ISSUE
OUTAGE Tent.START COMPL
LENGTH
DATE
DATE
Cust.Perm.
Access
Permit
Legal
Bucket
Climb(s)
Cust.Perm.
Access
Permit
Legal
Bucket
Climb(s)
Cust.Perm.
Access
Permit
Legal
Bucket
Climb(s)
Cust.Perm.
Access
Permit
Legal
Bucket
Climb(s)
Cust.Perm.
Access
Permit
Legal
Bucket
Climb(s)
Cust.Perm.
Access
Permit
Legal
Bucket
Climb(s)
kb/NERC critcal CLEARANCE 1 log sheet.xls
Forward list to the UI Line Clearance Dept. along with all weekly paperwork.
58
Vegetation Management Specification
Exhibit F:
NERC CLEARANCE 2 ISSUES
LOG SHEET (example)
The lis t below is a com pilation of locations identified via the annual ROW foot ins pection that do not conform with CLEARANCE 2 of NERC FAC-003-1 (IEEE 516-2003)
LINE
#
TWN
ST. REFERENCE
TOWER/
CAT.#
BRIEF
WORK DESCRIPTION
Signs of
Burning
UI LINE TOWN
MN
MN
PD?
FLAG? Ground? OUT?
JOB
ISSUE
OUTAGE Tent.START COMPL
DATE
DATE
LENGTH
Cust.Perm.
Access
Permit
Legal
Bucket
Climb(s)
Cust.Perm.
Access
Permit
Legal
Bucket
Climb(s)
Cust.Perm.
Access
Permit
Legal
Bucket
Climb(s)
Cust.Perm.
Access
Permit
Legal
Bucket
Climb(s)
Cust.Perm.
Access
Permit
Legal
Bucket
Climb(s)
Cust.Perm.
Access
Permit
Legal
Bucket
Climb(s)
kb/NERC critcal CLEARANCE 2 log sheet.xls
Forward list to the UI Line Clearance Dept. immediately upon completion
59
Vegetation Management Specification
Exhibit G:
Property Owner Consent Process
Property Owner
Located
Yes
Property Owner
Consents
Yes
Create Job Assignment
No
No
100% Objection
No Contact
No
Request for Modification
Accept Modification
Yes
Yes
Tree in
Contact or
Burning
Perform work
without
consent
Yes
No
No
Start 10 Day
Decision
Calendar
Notify Tree Warden or
State DOT
No
Agree with
Property Owner
Appeal to PURA
No
TW/DOT Decision
No
Agree with UI
Yes
Yes
UI Appeal
To PURA
Declare Hazard
Start 10 Day
Appeal to PURA
Calendar
No
Yes
Require alternate
Modification
Agree with TW
Modification
60
Property Owner
Appeal to PURA
Yes
Vegetation Management Specification
Exhibit H:
Tree Warden or DOT Objection Decision Process
TW/DOT Decision
Yes
Notify Property
Owner of TW/DOT
Decision
No
Declared Hazard
Yes
Notify Property
Owner that
Contractor will
Perform Work
Create Job Assignment
No
In favor of
Property Owner
No
Yes
UI Appeal to
PURA
Yes
Yes
Request
Mediation
Appeal to PURA
No
Notify Property
Owner of Decision
and ask if they plan
to appeal to PURA
30 Day Clock Starts
Yes
Property Owner
Appeal to PURA
No
60 Day Clock Starts
No
61
Vegetation Management Specification
Exhibit I:
Property Owner No Contact Process
No Contact
Research Public
Land Records
Obtain Property
Owner Address
Mail CERTIFIED MAIL
Notification Letter
Wait 15 days for
Property Owner
Response
Property Owner
Objects
No
Create Job Assignment
Yes
Proceed to Objection
Process
62
Vegetation Management Specification
Exhibit J:
Vegetation Management Plan Metrics
1.
Work scope and budget details (NOTE: All data is year-to-date through December 17,
2014 and represents preliminary results based on data collected using the Company’s
newly developed Mobile Vegetation Management System application, and corporate
budget and expense tracking systems):
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
2.
3.
4.
Roadside miles scheduled, backbone and lateral;
84 miles of 3 phase, 54 miles of single phase, 138 total miles
Cost - $7,930,439
Right-of-way miles, brush control and side pruning;
22.6 miles of transmission right-of-way
Cost - $984,700
Risk tree removal;
See # 9 below for tree counts
Cost – not tracked separately
Vine control;
1,013 locations
Cost - $59,700
Traffic control;
Cost – Utility Protection Zone $1,834,737, Customer Requests $67,328
Customer request tree work;
Cost - $646,980
Mid-cycle;
UI does not perform mid-cycle tree work
Emergency restoration, minor storm;
$385,838
Other.
UI will provide a summary of additional costs and work scope results after the
completion of the year.
Tree and brush work specification. See section 7.2.
Line clearance organization. See section 5.1.
Property owner notification and consent procedures. See Attachment 2, CUSTOMER
CONSENT PROCESS.
63
Vegetation Management Specification
5.
The planned maintenance within each town within the EDC’s service territory.
CIRCUIT
ID
1433
1441
3671
2682
2687
500
501
506
510
512
513
514
516
3631
3636
3638
1692
1754
1756
2622
2623
2625
1540
1545
1548
79Y
79Y
PHASE COUNT
Three Phase
Three Phase
Three Phase
Three Phase
Three Phase
Single Phase
Single Phase
Three Phase
Single Phase
Three Phase
Single Phase
Three Phase
Single Phase
Single Phase
Single Phase
Single Phase
Three Phase
Single Phase
Single Phase
Single Phase
Single Phase
Three Phase
Three Phase
Three Phase
Three Phase
Three Phase
Single Phase
MILES
1.79
12.67
7.68
0.05
0.91
3.7
2.88
6.96
6.06
14.92
1.58
5.91
6.39
3.05
5.17
8.59
2.19
11.95
7
4.13
2.65
4.44
6.43
8.51
8.3
1.76
0.7
146.37
Primary Town
West Haven
Orange
Ansonia
Fairfield
Trumbull
Shelton
Shelton
Shelton
Shelton
Shelton
Shelton
Shelton
Shelton
Milford
Milford
Milford
Hamden
North Haven
North Haven
Bridgeport
Bridgeport
Bridgeport
North Branford
North Branford
North Branford
Hamden
Hamden
64
Vegetation Management Specification
6.
Number of property owner/customer objections by town in prior year.
Town
Work
Type
Ansonia
Bridgeport
Bridgeport
Derby
East Haven
East Haven
Easton
Easton
Fairfield
Fairfield
Hamden
Hamden
Milford
Milford
New Haven
New Haven
North Branford
North Branford
North Haven
North Haven
Orange
Orange
Shelton
Shelton
Stratford
Stratford
Trumbull
Trumbull
West Haven
West Haven
Woodbridge
Prune
Prune
Removal
Removal
Prune
Removal
Prune
Removal
Prune
Removal
Prune
Removal
Prune
Removal
Prune
Removal
Prune
Removal
Prune
Removal
Prune
Removal
Prune
Removal
Prune
Removal
Prune
Removal
Prune
Removal
Prune
Trees
1
4
7
5
11
20
15
4
4
8
4
2
138
127
18
186
50
4
47
88
23
20
15
13
2
1
10
4
11
10
5
857
65
Vegetation Management Specification
7. Number of property owner/customer objections by town in prior year accepted by the
Tree Warden.
Town
TW Decision
East Haven
East Haven
New Haven
Orange
Orange
Objection Sustained
Trees
3
1
8
1
2
Objection Sustained with Modification
Objection Sustained
Objection Sustained
Objection Sustained with Modification
8. Number of property owner/customer requests for modifications and decisions reached.
NOTE: Where the Tree Warden decision reads “Not Appealed by UI” this means that UI
accepted the requested modification because the tree was not a high risk at this time.
Requested Modification
Tree Warden Decision
Result
20ft Overhead
20ft Overhead
8ft, 10ft, 15ft
8ft, 10ft, 15ft
8ft, 10ft, 15ft
Prune to Previous Clearance
Prune to Previous Clearance
Prune to Previous Clearance
Prune to Previous Clearance
Not appealed by UI
20ft Overhead
Remove
8ft, 10ft, 15ft
Remove
Under Review
Prune to Previous Clearance
Under Review
Prune to Previous Clearance
Prune to Previous Clearance
51
1
193
1
2
493
1
2
9
Remove all Overhang
Under Review
Remove all Overhang
Remove all Overhang
2
17
31
3
Remove all Overhang
1
Prune to Previous Clearance
Prune to Previous Clearance
Remove all Overhang
Remove all Overhang
Remove all Overhang
Declared as Hazard
Not appealed by UI
Declared as Hazard
Under Review
Not appealed by UI
No Ruling
No Ruling - Private Tree
Objection Sustained
Objection Sustained with
Modification
Under Review
Not appealed by UI
Objection Sustained
Objection Sustained with
Modification
66
Trees
Vegetation Management Specification
9.
Number of trees per town assessed to be hazardous or non-hazardous.
Town
Ansonia
Bridgeport
East Haven
Easton
Fairfield
Hamden
Milford
New Haven
North Branford
North Haven
Orange
Redding
Shelton
Stratford
Trumbull
West Haven
Woodbridge
Hazard
Trees
2
15
21
86
15
9
46
2
3
41
17
1
12
6
32
7
8
323
NonHazard
Trees
96
374
9
144
60
87
292
945
256
360
551
1206
2741
17
134
73
20
8011
67
Vegetation Management Specification
10. Number of property owners/customers who give affirmative consent versus non
responses.
Town
Ansonia
Bridgeport
Derby
East Haven
Easton
Fairfield
Hamden
Milford
New Haven
North
Branford
North Haven
Orange
Redding
Shelton
Stratford
Trumbull
West Haven
Woodbridge
Town
Milford
New Haven
North Haven
Shelton
Affirmative
Consent
105
265
2
48
29
25
68
263
1
288
193
324
1
984
4
128
13
5
No
Response
2
1
2
1
11.
Number of mediations conducted and outcome of mediation. None.
12. Number of objections appealed to PURA by either the EDC or landowner and outcome.
None.
13.
Number of removals of non-hazardous trees. See response to 9.
14.
Number of RTRP trees planted by the EDC, reasons for planting, costs. None.
15.
Did property owner maintain the newly planted tree? Not applicable.
16.
Number of stumps ground by EDC, reasons for stump grinding, costs.
32 stumps ground, loamed and seeded.
Cost - $17,542.
Agreements reached with abutting property owners prior to the final decision in Docket 12-0110
68