Biology Final Study Guide: Part 1
Not Extra Credit
Use your notes!!!
Unit 1: Intro to Science
1. Define: allergy, asexual reproduction, autoimmune disorder, enzyme, homeostasis, metabolism,
sexual reproduction, vaccines
2. What are the characteristics of living things?
3. What is the structure & function of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids?
4. What are the structure of viruses?
5. Compare & contrast antibodies & antigens
Unit 2: Cells
6. Define: active transport, diffusion, eukaryote, facilitated diffusion, prokaryote, osmosis
7. What does the cell theory state?
8. Know the functions of the following cellular structures: nucleus, ribosomes, mitochondria,
chloroplasts, & cell membrane
9. Compare & contrast the following:
a. Prokaryotic & eukaryotic cells
b. Animal & plant cells
c. Viruses & cells
d. Passive diffusion & active transport (types, movement, energy)
e. Chloroplast & mitochondria (job, what cell types have it, equation)
Unit 3: Heredity
10. Define: allele, co-dominant, diploid, gamete, gene, genotype, haploid, heterozygous,
homozygous, incomplete dominance, phenotype
11. What are chromosomes?
a. How many chromosomes do humans have?
b. How many are passed on to offspring?
12. What occurs during the stages of mitosis & meiosis?
13. Compare & contrast mitosis and meiosis (# of cells made, type of cells, # of chromosomes)?
14. What is the genotype for a homozygous recessive individual? Homozygous dominant
individual? Heterozygous individual?
15. What were Mendel’s three principles of heredity? Know how to perform a simple Punnett
square.
16. What are X-linked traits? Can males be carriers for X-linked traits?