Oceanography Oceanography or marine science is the study of the Earth's oceans and seas. Oceanographers study a wide range of topics such as plate tectonics to ocean currents to marine organisms. These diverse topics reflect multiple disciplines that oceanographers blend to help us understand Earth's interdependencies: biology, chemistry, geology, meteorology and physics. Chemical oceanography The study of the chemistry of the ocean. Marine The study of the plants and animals (biota) of the oceans biology/biological and their ecological interaction. oceanography Marine The study of the geology of the ocean floor including plate geology/geological tectonics. oceanography Meteorological oceanography The study of the interactions between our atmosphere and the ocean's hydrosphere. Physical oceanography The study of the ocean's physical attributes (such as its temperature-salinity structure, waves, tides and currents).