TOURISM, ART AND MODERNITY – 2007
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Antropologia Social
Department of Anthropology
Universidade Feral do Rio Grande do Sul
Nelson Graburn
graburn@berkeley.edu
Carlos Alberto Steil
www.carlossteil.net
Syllabus: This seminar will explore some of the core features of modernity and
modernizing forces in the contemporary world. Touristic processes are emblematic
of modernity and are a major force in the transnational penetration to hinterlands and
the III and IV Worlds. Art may now be created as a measure of modernity, both to
express new national identities and as resistance to cultural appropriation. Other art
forms are preserved from pre-modernity but used the same way. This course is
intended for students in the social sciences preparing for, carrying out, or writing up
research on these topics, including writing Field Statements.
August 8th
Introduction: Tourism, Art & Modernity - Basic background readings
Tradition and Modernity
Horner, Alice. "Tradition". In: Assumption of Tradition [PhD Dissertation] Chapter 1.
Tourism
Graburn, N. H. H. “Relocating the Tourist” In: Graburn, Nelson (Ed.) Relocating the
Tourist, Special issue of International Sociology 16 (2): 147-158, 2001.
Tourist Arts
Graburn, N. "Ethnic and Tourist Arts Revisited". In: Phillips, Ruth B. and Steiner,
Christopher (Eds.). Unpacking Culture: Art and Commodity in the Colonial and
Postcolonial Worlds. Berkeley: University of California Press. 1998.
Tourism and Development
Graburn, N. "Tourism and Cultural Development in East Asia and Oceania". In: Tourism
and Cultural Development in East Asia and Oceania. Yamashita, Shinji; Din, Kadir and
Eades, J. S. (Eds.) Bangi, Malaysia: University of Malaysia Press, 1997, p. 194-212.
Museums
Graburn, N. “A Quest for Identity.” Museums International (UNESCO) 50(3): 13, 1997.
Possible Extra Readings
Ivy, Marilyn. “Tono Monogatari”, In: Discourses of the Vanishing, 1995, Chapter 3.
Jacobs, Jane M. “Tradition is (not) modern: deterritorializing globalization”. In: Nezar Al
Sayyad (Ed.). The End of Tradition? .New York: Routledge, 2004.
August 15th - The Nature of Tourism
Cohen, Erik. "The Phenomenology of Tourist Experience". In: Sociology 179-291, 1979.
______. “Authenticity and Commoditization in Tourism". In: ATR, 1988.
______.“Authenticity in Tourism Studies”. p. 75-82, 2007.
Dann, G. M. “The Tourist as Metaphor of the Social World” In: Dann, G. M. (Ed.) The
Tourist as Metaphor of the Social World. Wallingford/New York: CAB International, p.
1-18.
Graburn, N. "Tourism as Secular Ritual”. p. 23-34, 2004.
MacCannell, D. “On the Commodification of Cultures”. In: The Tourist: New Theory of
the Leisure Class, 2001, p.55-70.
Smith, Melanie. “Framework of Cultural Tourism”. 2003.
Wang, Ning. “Rethinking Authenticity in Tourism Experience”. ATR 26(2): 347-70,
1999.
Extra Readings
Crick, M. "Sun, Sex, Sights, Savings & Servility: Tourism". Annual Review of
Anthropology, 1989.
Horner, A. E. "Personally Negociated Authenticities". Ms, 1993.
Nash, Dennison. “Tourism, an Anthropological Subject". Current Anthropology, 1981.
August 22th - Tourism, Authenticity, Postmodernity
Cohen, E. “Backpacking: Diversity and Change”. In: G. Richards and J. Wilson (Eds.)
The Global Nomad. Backpacker Travel in Theory and Practice. Channel View,
Clevedon. 2004, p.389-407.
Craik, Jennifer. “The Culture of Tourism”. In: Rojek, Chris and John Urry (org.). Touring
cultures: transformations of travel and theory. New York: Routledge, 1997, p.129-133.
Crawshaw, Carol & Urry, John. “Tourism and the Photographic Eye”. In Rojek, Chris
and Urry, John (org.). Touring cultures: transformations of travel and theoryNew York:
Routledge, 1997, p.129-133.
Jamal, Tazim and Hill, Steve. “The Home and the World: (Post)touristic Spaces of
(In)Authenticity”. In: Dann, G. and Lofgren, Orvar. “Narrating the Tourist Experience”.
1999, p. 91-108,
MacCannell, Dean. “John Urry’s Gaze and Mine”. 2000.
Ritzer, George and Lisker, Allan. “McDisneyization and ‘Post-Tourism’”. In: Rojek,
Chris and Urry, John (org.). Touring cultures: transformations of travel and theory. New
York: Routledge, 1997, p.129-133.
Thurot, Jean-Maurice and Thurot, Gaetane. "The Ideology of Class and Tourism:
Confronting the Discourse of Advertizing," Annals of Tourism Research", 10 (1): 173-89,
1983.
Urry, John. The Tourist Gaze - “Structural Changes”, Chapter 5, London: Sage, 1983.
Warren, Stacy. “Cultural Contestation at Disneyland Paris”. In: Crouch, David (Ed.)
Leisure/tourism geographies: Practices and geographical knowledge. London:
Routledge, 1999.
August 29th - Nostalgia, Tourism and Memory
Dann, Graham. “Old Talk: the Language of Nostalgia”. In: The Language of Tourism: a
Sociolinguistic Perspective. Wallingford, Oxon: CAB International, 1996.
Dorst, John. The Written Suburb: An American Sight, and Ethnographic Dilemma
Philadelphia University Penn. [chapters 4 & 5], 1989.
Frow, John. “Tourism and the Semiotics of Nostalgia". October 57: 123-151, 1991.
Graburn, Nelson. "The Past in the Present in Japan: Nostalgia and Neo-Traditionalism in
Contemporary Japanese Domestic Tourism” In: Butler, Richard and Pearce, Douglas
(Ed.) Change in Tourism: People, Places, Processes. London: Routledge, 1995a, p. 4770.
______. "Tourism, Modernity & Nostalgia" In: Ahmed, A. and Shore, C. (Eds.) The
Relevance of anthropology for the 21st Century. London: Athlone Press, 1995b, p. 158177,
Rosaldo, Renato. “Imperialist Nostalgia". Representations 26: 107-22, 1989.
Roy, Ananya. “Nostalgias of the Modern” In: Nezar, A. (Ed.). The End of Tradition?
Routledge, 1994.
Stewart, Kathleen. “Nostalgia – A Polemic.” Cultural Anthropology, 3(3): 227-41, 1988.
September 5th – Brazilian studies of tourism
Barretto, Margarita. O imprescindível aporte das Ciências Sociais para o planejamento e
a compreensão do turismo. Horizontes Antropológicos, v. 9 , n. 20, out. 2003, p. 15-29.
Banducci, Álvaro. Turismo e antopologia no Brasil: estudo preliminar. In: Bancucci,
Álvaro e Barretto, Margarita (Orgs.). Turismo e identidade local. Uma visão
antropológica. Campinas, Papirus, 2001, 21-47.
Prado, Rosane Manhães. As espécies exóticas somos nós: reflexão a propósito do
ecoturismo na Ilha Grande. Horizontes Antropológicos, v. 9 , n. 20, out. 2003, p. 205224.
Steil, Carlos Alberto. Romeiros e turistas no Santuário de Bom Jesus da Lapa. Horizontes
Antropológicos, v. 9 , n. 20, out. 2003, p. 249-261.
September 11th - Museums and Heritage
Ashworth, Gregory. “The Uses of Heritage: The Past as a Political Resource”. In:
Tunbridge, J.E. and Ashworth, G. (org.) Dissonant heritage: the management of the past
as a resource in conflict. Chichester; New York: J. Wiley, 1996.
Kirshenblatt-Gimblett, Barbara. “Objects of Ethnography/Knowledge”. In: Destination
Culture: Tourism, Museums and Heritage. Berkeley: U. of California Press, 1999.
Clifford, James. Four Northwest Coast Museums: Travel Reflections. In: Karp, Ivan and
Lavine, Steven D. (org.), Exhibiting Cultures: The Poetics and Politic of Museum
Display. Washington: Smithsonian, pp. 212-254, 1991.
Daher, Rami. “Dismantling a community’s heritage ‘Heritage tourism: Conflict,
inequality and a search for social justice in an age of globalization.” In: Robinson, Mike
et. al. (eds.). Tourism and Heritage Relationships: Global, National and Local
Perspectives. Newcastle: University of Northumbria, pp. 105-126, 1991.
Graburn, Nelson. "Weirs in the River of Time: the Development of Canadian Inuit
Historical Consciousness." Museum Anthropology 22 (2): 54-66, 1999.
Nora, Pierre. "Between Memory and History: Les lieux de memoires." Representations
26: 7-25, 1989.
Arieff, Allison. “A Different Sort of (P)Reservation: Some Thoughts on the National
Museum of the American Indian”. Museum Anthropology 19(2): 78-90, 1995.
Boniface, P. and Fowler, P. J., Heritage and Tourism in the Global Village. London:
Routledge, 1993. [Chapters: 1, 2, 3 4, 11]
Uzzell, D. L. Heritage Interpretation. Vol. 1. The Natural and Built Environment; Vol. 2
The Visitor Experience. London: Belhaven, Chapters 1,2,6 & 8, 1989.
September 18th - Commoditization of Culture and Tourist Arts
Errington, Shelley. The Death of Authentic Primitive Art and Other Tales of Progress.
Berkeley: University of California Press. Chapter 4. pp. 118-157, 1989.
Graburn, Nelson (ed.). Ethnic and Tourist Arts: Cultural Expressions from the Fourth
World Berkeley: University of California Press. Chapter 1. pp., 1976.
______. "Arts of the Fourth World: the View from Canada" In Dorothea and Norman
Whitten (org.) Imagery and Creativity; Ethnoaesthetics and Arts Worlds in the Americas
Tucson: University of Arizona Press, pp. 171-204, 1993.
______. "'I Like Things to Look More Different Than That Stuff Did': An Experiment in
“Cross-Cultural Art Appreciation". pp. 51-70 in M. Greenhalgh and J.V.S. Megaw (eds.)
Art in Society: Studies in Style, Culture and Aesthetics. London: Duckworth, 1978.
Grunewald, R. “Tourism and Ethnicity”, 2006.
Hitchcock, M and K. Teague, (eds). “Introduction” by M. Hitchcock, and “Forward” by
N. Graburn, In Souvenirs: The Material Culture of Tourism. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2000.
King, J. H. C. “Marketing Magic: Process, Identity and the Creation and Selling of
Native Art.” In M. Mauze ed. Present as Past: Some Uses o Tradition in Native Societies,
NY: Lanham, pp. 81-96, 1978.
Myers, Fred (ed.). The empire of things: regimes of value and material culture, Santa Fe:
School of American Research Press: Oxford: James Currey, 2001.
Price, Sally. Primitive Art in Civilized Places. Chapter 1.
Stanley, Nick. “Living with the Ancestors in an International Contemporary Art World.”
In: Venbrux, Eric; Rosi, P. S. and Welsch, R. L. (Eds.). Exploring World Art. Long
Grove, IL: Waveland Press, pp. 343-355, 2005.
Steiner, C. “The Art of Trade: African Art Market.” In G. Marcus and F. Myers eds. The
Traffic in Culture: Refiguring Art and Anthropology. U.C. Press, pp. 151-165, 1997.