Supplement data Table 1 Oligonucleotide primers for amplification of R. affinis and S. kuhlii TTR cDNAs and intron1 fragments Primer Nucleotide sequence (53) TTR_degen_#1F Direction CGACACCAAGTGCCCTCTGATGGTIAARRT Forward* TTR_degen_#1R GGTGAACACCACCTCGGCGTACTCRTGRAAIGG Reverse* 5GSP1_BAT AGTTGTGAGCCCGTGGAGCTCTCCAAATTCACTGGTTTTCC Reverse 5GSP3_BAT TGTGGCGAACGGCTCCCAGGTCTCATC Reverse 5GSP2_BAT TGATGAGACCTGGGAGCCGTTCGCCACAG Forward 3inter_bat1 TACTGGAAGGAGCTGGGCATCTCGCCCTTTCACGAGTACG Reverse BAT_fullseqF AGAGGCCCACTGATTCTGGGCAGGATGGCTTCTCGG Forward BAT_fullseqR TCATTCTTTGGGGGCGCTGACGAGGGCTGTGGTGGAG Reverse SKbatfull1_F TGCCGGGATGGCTGCCCTCCGTCTCCTGCTCC Forward 3_SKTTRFull2 TCCCTGCCTGGGCTGCTAACATAGCTTATGAGGC Reverse SKbat_intron1F TGGCTGCCCTCCGTCTCCTGCTCCTCTG Forward SKbat_intron1R TCGGCAGTCTTCTTGAACACCTTCACGGCCACG Reverse * the sequences were from Manzon et al. 2007. I = deoxyinosine Figure legend of supplement data Fig. 1 Determination of T4 binding proteins in bat serum. Purified human TTR (1) and albumin (2), and aliquots (5 l) of serum from S. kuhlii (3) and human (HS) were incubated with 2 g of T4-FITC for 5 min. The proteins were separated by native-PAGE (10% resolving gel), followed by staining with Coomassie blue R-250 (Coomassie). Bound T4 was visualized under UV (Fluorescence). Positions of thyroxine binding globulin (TBG), albumin (ALB) and TTR (TTR) in human serum were indicated. Closed arrow head, opened arrow head, and arrow indicate T4-FITC that bound to TBG, albumin, and TTR of S. kuhlii, respectively. Fig. 2 Nucleotide sequence and derived amino acid sequence of TTR cDNA from R. affinis. a: Strategy to obtain the full-length sequence of TTR cDNA. R. affinis TTR cDNA is represented as a stripe bar. Arrows indicate the TTR cDNA fragment generated by degenerated RT-PCR (nucleotide 96-367), the 5RACE (nucleotide 1-190) and the 3RACE (nucleotide 218-618). b: Nucleotide numbers are shown on the right. The amino acids in the signal peptide sequence are numbered -20 to -1. The N-terminal residue of the mature TTR is designated as +1. The first inframe stop codon is represented by 3 asterisks. The putative polyadenylation signal in the 3-untranslated region of cDNA is underlined. Fig. 3 Nucleotide sequence and derived amino acid sequence of TTR cDNA from S. kuhlii. a: Strategy to obtain the full-length sequence of TTR cDNA from R. affinis. Dot bar, S. kuhlli TTR cDNA; arrows, the TTR cDNA fragments generated by RT-PCR (132-340), 5RACE (1-220), and 3RACE (317-609). b: The nucleotide numbers are shown on the right, and numbering of amino acids is as described in Fig. 2. Fig. 4 The nucleotide sequences of the TTR intron 1 flanking the continuous (a) and discontinuous (b) base deletion characteristics of the extant Chiroptera. The nucleotide numbers were on the right of the sequence.