SC Standard 8-3.4 Explain how igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks are interrelated in the rock cycle.
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_________________ are naturally occurring combinations of minerals.
Most consist of two or more different ________________________.
Rocks are classified according to how they were ______________________.
Physical Properties of Rocks:
_________________ (may have a distinctive color for identification)
___________________ (is the color of the mineral in powered form- shows the true color of the mineral)
___________________ (is a measure of the mineral’s resistance to scratching)
_________________ (property of minerals that indicates how much the surface of a mineral reflects light
or if it is SHINY.)
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THERE ARE 3 TYPES OF ROCKS
1. __________________________ Examples: Granite, Obsidian, Pumice
2. ___________________________ Sandstone, Limestone, Shale
3. ___________________________ Slate, Marble, Gneiss
IGNEOUS ROCKS (VOLCANOES)
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IGNEOUS ROCKS: form from _______________or ______________. (MOLTEN ROCK)
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Igneous Rocks forms around _____________________________.
2 types of Igneous Rocks
Extrusive Igneous Rock
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_____________________________ – Igneous
rock formed from ________________ that
erupted from a volcano. (exterior – exit)
Rocks cools __________________.
Because rocks cool quickly, the extrusive
igneous rock mineral crystals are
______________ or _______ crystals are
formed
Examples: Basalt, Obsidian
RECAP: Extrusive: Small or no crystals – Cools
Quickly
Intrusive Igneous Rock
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_____________________________ – Igneous
rock that formed when _______________
hardened beneath or _____________ a
volcano. (interior – inside)
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Rocks cools __________________.
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Because rocks cool slowly, the intrusive
igneous rock mineral crystals are that form are
___________________
Example: Granite
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RECAP: Intrusive: Large crystals – Cools Slowly
IGENOUS ROCKS PROCESSES
Igneous Rocks goes mainly through processes:
1. ___________________________________
2. ___________________________________
3. ___________________________________
Sedimentary Rocks (Near Bodies of Water)
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Forms _________________________________________________ or where bodies of water use to be
Sedimentary rocks are made up of ______________________________.
Sediment are small, solid pieces of rock, mineral grains, or shell fragments.
Sediments are formed through the processes of _________________________________________ of
rocks exposed at Earth’s surface.
These rocks are always forming all around you.
Two Processes that make Sedimentary Rocks
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1. _____________________________- process that _____________________ sediments together.
At first, the sediment fits together loosely. Over long periods of time the layers build up.
The layers are heavy and press down on each other.
2. _____________________________ – process in which dissolved minerals crystallize and
_____________ sediment together.
Sedimentary rocks usually have ____________________________ within them.
Sedimentary rocks are also known for having __________________.
Metamorphic Rocks (Underneath the Earth’s Surface)
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Metamorphic rocks form ________________________________________________________.
Forms when ____________ are ____________________________________________________________
by great heat and/or pressure
Metamorphic rocks are heated, squeezed, folded, or ________________________ changed by contact
with _______________________.
Metamorphic Rocks Processes
Metamorphic goes through 2 processes:
1. __________________________
2. __________________________
Metamorphic Rocks Classification
 ____________________________ Rocks – Have obvious ______________________.
 ____________________________ Rocks – Have no visible layers.
ALL ROCKS: WHAT PROCESS DO ALL ROCKS GO THROUGH? _______________________________
THE ROCK CYCLE: The rock cycle is an ongoing process. The sample diagram illustrates the series of natural
processes that can ________________________________________________________________________.