Page 1
NAME: __________________________________
Second Test
Honors 227
18 October 2005
Multiple choice questions (50 questions, 2 points each). Mark the answer on the
Scantron card that is most correct using a pencil
1. Use the diagram below to answer the following question:
Path A
- Charge
Neutron Beam
Path B
Path C
+ Charge
Path D
A proton in this experiment will follow ___________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Path A
Path B
Path C
Path D
None of the above
2. The most abundant element in our solar system is ________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
carbon
oxygen
water
hydrogen
delerium
3. The bright line spectrum of any atom (e.g., hydrogen) is discrete because electron
transitions from one orbit to another _______.
A.
B.
C.
D.
involve quantum amounts of energy
always involve electron pairs
are not possible according to the quantum model
involve random ergs of energy in illegitimate fields
Page 2
4. Fissionable 23392U (Uranium-233), 23592U (Uranium-235) and 23994U (Plutonium239) in nuclear reactors function as ____________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
coolants
control rods
moderators
fuels
inadvertent waste products
5. As the temperature of a sample of a radioactive element decreases, the t1/2 will
________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
decrease
increase
sublimate
accelerate
None of the above
6. When electrons in an atom in an excited state fall to lower energy levels, energy is
_____________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
absorbed
released
neither released nor absorbed
both released and absorbed
all of the above
7. When alpha particles were used to bombard gold foil in the Rutherford
experiment, a very small percentage of the alpha particles were deflected at
angles. This result indicates that most of the nucleus of the gold atom is ______.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
unoccupied space
something dense and negatively charged
something dense and positively charged
something neutral and dispersed
something positive and dispersed
8. Compared to the charge and mass of a neutron, an electron has __________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
the same charge and a smaller mass
the same charge and the same mass
an opposite charge and a smaller mass
an opposite charge and the same mass
none of the above
Page 3
9. A basic solution could have a pH of _______.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
7
10
3
6.8
none of the above
10. Atoms of elements in a column on the Periodic Table have similar chemical
properties. This similarity is most closely accountable to the atoms’ _______.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
number of paired electrons
number of principal energy levels
atomic numbers
atomic masses
valence electrons
11. In a pure state as a compound, sodium (Na) is a metal and chlorine (Cl) is a gas.
The combination of the two atoms produces a compound, sodium chloride or
NaCl, which is consumable. The creation of this compound with these properties
is an example of _______________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
reductionism
hierarchy theory
Gestaltism
emergent properties
all of the above
12. The fact that liquid phase water is denser than solid phase water is a function of
_________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Van der Waal forces
Covalent bonding
Non-lateral bonding between hydrogen ions
Hydrogen bonding
Isomerase inequities
13. Solution A has a pH of 6 and Solution B has a pH of 3. The magnitude of
difference in the hydrogen (hydronium) ion concentration between the two
solutions is ________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
1
10
100
1000
none of the above
Page 4
14. The _________ bond is formed via the sharing of electrons between
multiple atoms.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Covalent
Van der Waals
Metallic
Ionic
none of the above
15. For an atom of carbon, the number of valence electrons is __________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
0
1
2
3
4
16. For most of the population, the radiation that one receives from human
technology (medical devices, industrial processes) is what fraction of that
received from background/natural sources?
A.
B.
C.
D.
majority
minority
50%
75%
17. In class, I used M&M’s to illustrate the principle of ___________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
phase shifts among states
pH
electrostatic forces
covalent bonding
none of the above
18. In the Periodic Table, the first column to left (Column I) is unique in that the
valence state of the electrons is/has ___________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
missing 8 valence electrons
missing only 4 valence electrons
1 valence electron
completely filled with electrons
transmutated from Column IV
Page 5
19. Water is likely to be common throughout the Universe, including our solar
system. This statement derives from the fact that __________________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
the Big Bang created water as its principal molecule
oxygen is one of the most common elements in the universe
hydrogen is one of the most common elements in the Universe
hydrogen and oxygen are both common elements in the Universe
pressure and temperature of the Universe is consistent with water
being present
20. The number of M&M’s in each bag used in the class example is closest to
__________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
1
10
100
1000
103
21. The gamma ray is a high energy ____________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
electron
proton
neutron
electromagnetic radiation
all of the above
22. An atomic-level species is found to contain 16 protons, 16 neutrons and 18
electrons. This species is best described as a/an ________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
atom of sulfur
isotope of sulfur
ion of sulfur
neutral isotope of sulfur
none of the above
23. The element Zr contains _____________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
40 protons, 51 neutrons and 36 electrons
40 protons, 91 neutrons and 36 electrons
40 protons, 40 neutrons and 36 electrons
91 protons and 40 neutrons and 36 electrons
none of the above
Page 6
24. The mass of a molecule of NaOH is _______.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
10
20
30
40
50
25. The number of hydrogen atoms in C6H12O6 is ________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
4
6
8
12
24
26. The radioisotope of Gallium (6731GA) with a t1/2 of 67 hours is used in nuclear
medicine to determine blood flow when coronary artery disease is suspected. If,
after treatment, the initial radioactivity of a person’s blood is 20,000 Curies,
______time has elapsed in order for the activity to decrease to 5000 counts per
minute.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
67 hours
60 hours
134 hours
28 days
56 days
27. Alpha radiation is best described as consisting of ___.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
protons
electrons
helium nuclei
short wave radiation
long wave radiation
28. The phrase below that best describes the element krypton (3684Kr) in its chemical
and physical properties is ________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
soft metal and good conductor of electricity
renders super heroes powerless
inert
ionic bonding
subject to Van der Waal forces
Page 7
29. The best description of an isotope is ________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
atoms with the same number of protons but differing numbers of electrons
atoms with the same mass but differing atomic numbers
atoms with the same mass and the same atomic number
atoms with the same atomic number but differing mass
all of the above
30. Of the following, ____ is true regarding elements.
A.
B.
C.
D.
can be broken into more elemental substances by ordinary chemical means
smallest know particles
fall within the basic classification of earth, wind, fire and water
all possible elements have been discovered
31. Scientists do not understand all of the factors influencing the stability of nuclei.
However, ____ is one of the factors known to be involved.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
neutron-proton ratio
proton-electron ratio
neutron number can not exceed 40
electron number can not exceed 80
none of the above
32. An unknown type of radiation was causing a reading on a Geiger counter of 2000
Curies. When a piece of paper is placed between the source and the Geiger
counter, the reading dropped to 0 Curies. Based on this observation, you
conclude that the radiation is emitting __________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Alpha
Beta
Gamma
Delta
Omega
33. The atomic numbers found in the Periodic Table of elements indicate ________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
chronological order in which elements were discovered.
number of protons in the nucleus of each element
atomic weight of each element divided by 2
relative abundance of each element in our solar system
none of the above
Page 8
34. In the following list, the one that is least descriptive of models in the sciences is
_________.
A. A model is analogous to a hypothesis
B. Scientists learn more by a model that is consistent with an hypothesis than
one that results in a model being rejected
C. Models are always visual “constructions” of the way nature operates
D. Models are only useful to scientists engaged in the scientific method
35. In a water molecule, the bonds between adjacent water molecules last for _____.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
< second
one to several seconds
one to several minutes
one to several hours
one to several days
36. In a nuclear reactor, the water is used to _____________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
moderate the chain reaction
generate steam for the turbines
insert electrons into the turbines and electric fields
balance the fissionable materials
all of the above
37. In the model of the water molecule used in class, the asymmetric distribution of
the oxygen and two hydrogen atoms results in the molecule being ______.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
electrically neutral
polar
ambivalent
asymmetrically neutral
ph 7.0
38. The arrangement of subatomic particles nested within atoms and atoms nested
within elements and elements nested within compounds is a/an _________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
collage
emergent property
hierarchy
scheme
part of the Bohr atom
Page 9
39. If you discovered an element that had previously not been discovered, you could
estimate many of its physical and chemical properties by simply knowing
_________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
mass
atomic volume
row in the Periodic Table
column in the Periodic table
none of the above
40. In _____ bonds, one of the consequences is a rigid crystalline structure.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
covalent
metallic
Van der Waal
Seismic
None of the above
41. If you are exposed to radon, a radioactive gas illustrated as 22286Rn, the source of
the gas is most likely ______.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
atmosphere
nuclear reactor accident
nuclear medical treatment
contaminated water
natural soils
42. Different radioisotopes have widely different t 1/2, but all are greater than ____.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
1 year
10 years
1 million years
1 billion years
none of the above
43. In ionic bonding, the attraction between atoms is __________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
electrical
polar
static
electrostatic
all of the above
Page 10
44. In radioactive decay, the decline in radiation over time is best illustrated by line
that is _______.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
linear and increasing
linear and decreasing
exponential decrease
parabola
step function
45. Which of the following is an option for bonding between atoms?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
share one or more electrons plus the orbits with another atom
accept one or more electrons
donate one or more electrons
share one or more electrons without sharing the associated orbits
all of the above
46. Which of the following is not a bond between atoms?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Ionic
Covalent
Van der Waal forces
Metallic
None of the above
47. In the chemistry of water, the H+ or H3O+ ions are _________ than H2O
molecules.
A.
B.
C.
D.
less common
more common
equally common
none of the above
48. Which of the following pairs of elements would be expected to exhibit ionic
bonding?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Sulfur (1632S) and oxygen (816O)
Helium (24He) and chlorine (2735.5Cl)
Phosphorus (1531P) and oxygen (816O)
Potassium (1039K) and chloride (2735.5Cl)
All of the above
Page 11
49. An ion is formed when an atom of an element _____________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
gains or losses a proton
gains or losses a neutron
shares electrons to achieve stability
looses or gains electrons
none of the above
50. The mass of subatomic particles in atoms is best presented by which of the
following?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
proton > neutron > electron
electron > proton > neutron
neutron = electron > proton
proton = neutron > electron
none of the above