STUDY GUIDE 3rd PERIOD
2nd GRADE
JUNIORS INTERMEDIATE
Name:_________________________________________
Elabora: English
Department
Edición 1
Página 1 de 5
Miss Alejandra Gómez Vilchis.
Group:_____ Date:________
Unit 6: Take good care of yourself
I. Grammar: Modals (obligation and necessity)
Must, should, ought to
 These modal verbs do not change. They go before the infinitive of another verb.
I must have a shower.
You should have a shower.
He ought to have a shower.
We mustn’t go into the house.
She shouldn’t go into the house.
 Ought not to is possible but not often used.
Have to
 This modal verb uses the forms of have.
It goes before the infinitive of another verb.
I/You/We/They  have to go outside.
He/She/It  has to go outside.
I/You/We/They don’t have to go outside.
He/She/It  doesn’t have to go outside.
Necessity
 Must and have/has to mean that it is absolutely necessary to do something. Examples:
1) You must rest your leg for five days.
2) I have to leave home at seven o’clock to get the bus.
 Mustn’t means that it is absolutely necessary not to do something. Example:
He mustn’t find this letter.
 Don’t/doesn’t have to mean that it is not necessary to do something. Example:
I don’t have to get to school before eight.
Advice
 Should and ought to mean that it is a good idea to do something. They are not as strong as
must and have to. Example:
You should try to relax before your exam.
I ought to finish my homework before I go out.
 Shouldn’t means that it is a bad idea to do something. It is not as strong as mustn’t. Example:
I shouldn’t go out when I’ve got homework to do.
He shouldn’t eat sweets before a meal.
Exercise 1: Choose the correct modal verb.
1. If your nose starts bleeding, you should/must hold your head forward.
2. If you don’t feel well, you don’t have to/must go to school.
3. If you are really sick, you don’t have to/shouldn’t do physical exercise.
4. Most of us should/doesn’t have to drink more water.
5. Your leg is bleeding badly. We ought to / shouldn’t see a doctor.
Exercise 2: Write the words in the correct order to make sentences.
1. do / has / dinner / to / Jackie / the washing up / after
________________________________________________.
2. leave / his homework / until / dinner / mustn’t / after / Louis
________________________________________________.
3. the nurse / ought / his arm / Frank / to / to / show
________________________________________________.
4. the boys / go / to / mustn’t / school / sick / they / because / are
________________________________________________.
5. go / You / in the rain / shouldn’t / an umbrella / out / without
________________________________________________.
STUDY GUIDE 3rd PERIOD
2nd GRADE
JUNIORS INTERMEDIATE
Elabora: English
Department
Edición 1
Página 2 de 5
Unit 7: Sound checks
II. Vocabulary: Music
1. video clip: a small bit of film on the internet.
2. volume: how loudly music is played.
3. sound technician: a person who operates recording equipment.
4. production: the activity of organizing the practical and financial matters relating to the preparation of a film,
play, or television or radio programme.
5. studio: where music is recorded.
6. guitarist: a person who plays the guitar.
7. musicians: someone who is skilled in playing music, usually as a job.
8. live: something that it’s played at the moment.
9. music channel: where you can see bands on TV.
10. celebrity: a famous person.
11. concert hall: a place to hear live music.
12. DJ: someone who plays music, e.g. on the radio, a party or a club.
13. festival: a music event.
14. backstage: the place behind the scenes.
Exercise 3: Complete the text with the vocabulary words.
Many young people love music and want to work in music when they leave school. Would you like to be
the___________ that everyone listens to in the morning? You can play your favorite music for a job! Or perhaps
you’ve learnt to play the guitar at school and have become an excellent _______________. Of course, the people
in these jobs are often very famous, they’re ________________. But what about the other jobs in the industry?
There is the _____________, who has to check hundreds of things in music recordings. Or you could work in
___________ and you might rent a ________________. And, of course, somebody has to find ____________ for
the artists to play at. There are huge number of jobs available in the music industry and you don’t have to be a
_____________ to get in.
Exercise 4: Write a paragraph using at least 10 of the vocabulary words. Highlight the words.
III. Grammar: Present perfect and past simple
We use the present perfect:
 For actions beginning in the past and continuing into the present. Example: She’s become a very
good cook.
 For events before the present where the time is unknown or unimportant. Example: We’ve
made lots of cakes.
 For events repeated over a period of time upt to the present. Example: He’s received six texts in
the last ten minutes.
 With time markers just, already, still (not) and (not) yet. Examples:
I’ve just eaten my sandwich  It means that you ate if a few moments ago.
I’ve already eaten my sandwich  It means that you ate it sometime before now.
I’ve eaten my sandwich already  It means that you already have finished your sandwich.
I still haven’t finished my sandwich It means that you’re still eating it now.
I haven’t finished my sandwich yet  I’m still eating it now.
We use the past simple:
 For actions which took place in the past, with or without a time reference. Example:
She became a very good cook.
When she was still a teenager, she became a very good cook.
I didn’t finish my sandwich.
I didn’t finish my sandwich during my break.
We made lots of cakes.
We made lots of cakes last weekend.
STUDY GUIDE 3rd PERIOD
2nd GRADE
JUNIORS INTERMEDIATE
Elabora: English
Department
Edición 1
Página 3 de 5
Exercise 5: Correct the mistakes in these sentences or put a cross mark (x) if you think they’re correct.
1. I have just bought a computer game. ___________________________________________.
2. I have just received your letter. _____________________________________________.
3. We met at school and since then we are friends. _______________________________.
4. Well, I’ve met my friends at school seven years ago. ____________________________.
5. I know Claudia since I was a child. ___________________________________________.
Exercise 6: Choose the correct answer.
1. My favorite band has played / played in this town before.
2. There were / have been huge crowds last time they were here.
3. I first heard / have heard this song years ago.
4. Mandy hasn’t listened / didn’t listen to that song last night.
5. Ana can’t go to the ballet and so she offered /has offered her ticket to her friend.
6. Have you ever played / did you ever play the violin before?
7. Our music teacher has recorded/ recorded a song with this band last week.
8. Dennis and his friend performed / have performed live at their end-of-year concert last week.
IV. Vocabulary: Word families
1. achieve  achievement
2. record  recording
3. perform  performer / performance
4. announce  announcement
5. music  musician
6. advert  advertise / advertisement
7. help  helpful
Exercise 7: Write the correct form of the word in brackets to complete the sentence.
1. The school band made a _____________ of a famous song for the school website. (record)
2. The last time I saw a live ____________ was in the summer holidays. (performance)
3. I saw a really funny ________________ on TV last night. (advert)
4. Jason is such a __________________ person, he can play three instruments. (music)
5. Our teacher _____________________ the winner of the competition. (announcement)
6. My greatest ____________________ this year is passing my ballet exam. (achieve)
Unit 8: Amazing architecture
V. Vocabulary: Describing buildings
1. recent: modern or new.
2.
original: the first. It doesn’t
derived from something else.
3. brand new: something that is very recent also refers to contemporary
4. fresh: New to one's experience; not encountered before.
5. spectacular: Impressive or sensational.
6. traditional: tries to preserve original things.
7. unusual: not common or ordinary.
8. classic: serving as the established model or standard.
9. historic: having importance in or influence on history.
10. modern: relating to the present.
11. cozy: warm and comfortable.
Exercise 8: Choose the correct adjective.
1. My bedroom is very small but historic / cozy.
2. Tom and Maggie’s home is unusual / recent because it is a boat.
3. This room has spectacular / historic views over the mountains.
4. The new museum in town has three lifts on the outside. It’s very modern / brand new.
5. I’ve never seen a kitchen like this before. It’s very recent / unusual.
6. The mountain village is full of traditional / fresh stone cottages.
7. Be careful with my phone, I go it yesterday so it’s fresh / brand new.
8. The architect had a lot of classic / fresh ideas for the school library that the students will like.
9. When I visit a town I don’t know, I always walk around and look at the fresh / historic buildings.
10. Have you noticed the recent / traditional trend of wearing shorts everywhere?
STUDY GUIDE 3rd PERIOD
2nd GRADE
JUNIORS INTERMEDIATE
Elabora: English
Department
Edición 1
Página 4 de 5
Exercise 9: Write a sentence per each vocabulary word.
1. cozy:
2. modern:
3. historic
4. recent:
5. original:
6. brand new:
7. classic:
8. unusual:
9. traditional:
10. fresh:
11. spectacular:
VI. Grammar: Comparative and superlative adjectives.
Comparative structures
• When we want to compare things in a positive way we use the comparative adjective form +
than. Example:
Your bike is newer than mine.
The grammar book was more useful than the dictionary.
• When we want to say things are not the same, we can use:
not as + adjective + as
Example: My bike isn’t as new as yours.
or less + adjective + than
Example: My bike is less new than yours.
How to form comparative structures
• We form the comparatives by adding –er to one syllable adjectives. Example:
new  newer
light  lighter
• One-syllable adjectives ending in e add –r. Example:
nice  nicer
• One-syllable adjectives ending in vowel + consonant usually double the consonant. Example:
big  bigger
• Adjectives with two or more syllable usually use more. Example:
active  more active
modern  more modern
Superlative structures
• Superlatives compare more than two things. We can say something is:
(the) … -est
(the) most …
or (the)least …
Examples:
Your bike is the newest in the race and mine is the oldest.
The grammar book was the most useful.
The dictionary was the least useful.
• We use the or a possessive before a superlative.
Examples:
The fastest runner in our school is Amy.
Amy is the school’s most successful runner.
Game shows are my least favorite TV programmes.
How to form superlative structures
• We form the superlatives by adding –est to one syllable adjectives. Example:
new  (the) newest
light  (the) lightest
• One-syllable adjectives ending in e add –st. Example:
nice  (the) nicest
• One-syllable adjectives ending in vowel + consonant usually double the consonant. Example:
big  (the) biggest
• Adjectives with two or more syllable usually use the most. Example:
active  (the) most active
modern  (the) most modern
STUDY GUIDE 3rd PERIOD
2nd GRADE
JUNIORS INTERMEDIATE
Irregular adjectives
• A few common adjectives are irregular:
Comparative
good 
better
bad 
worse
far 
further
Elabora: English
Department
Edición 1
Página 5 de 5
Superlative
 (the) best
 (the) worst
 (the) furthest
Exercise 10: Complete the sentences with the correct form of the adjective in brackets.
1. This café is much ____________ (cozy) than the old one.
2. Our library has just won a prize for the ________________ (original) building.
3. Is your brother’s bedroom ______________ (big) than yours?
4. This is the ___________________ (good) house to live in.
5. That apartment block is the ____________________ (ugly) one I’ve ever seen.
6. Have you ever seen a________________________ (spectacular) view than this?
7. Living conditions in the past were ________________ (bad) than they are now.
8. This flat is nicer, but it’s ___________________ (far) from the city centre than the other one.
Exercise 11: Complete the table with comparative and superlative adjectives.
Comparative
fresh
big
brave
cozy
original
Superlative