NAME___________________________
1. The production of certain human hormones
by genetically engineered bacteria results
from:
(1) inserting a specific group of amino acids into
the bacteria
(2) combining a portion of human DNA with
bacterial DNA and inserting this into
bacteria
(3) crossing two different species of bacteria
(4) deleting a specific amino acid from human
DNA and inserting it into bacterial DNA
2. A mutation occurs in a cell. Which sequence
best represents the correct order of the
events involved for this mutation to affect
the traits expressed by this cell?
(1) a change in the sequence of DNA bases
joining amino acids in sequence
appearance of characteristic
(2) joining amino acids in sequence a change in
the sequence of DNA bases
appearance of characteristic
(3) appearance of characteristic joining amino
acids in sequence a change in the
sequence of DNA bases
(4) a change in the sequence of DNA bases
appearance of characteristic joining
amino acids in sequence
3. Recently, scientists noted that stained
chromosomes from rapidly dividing cells,
such
as human cancer cells, contain numerous
dark, dotlike structures. Chromosomes from
older human cells that have stopped dividing
have very few, if any, dotlike structures.
The best generalization regarding these dotlike
structures is that they
(1) will always be present in cells that are
dividing
(2) may increase the rate of mitosis in human
cells
(3) definitely affect the rate of division in all
cells
(4) can cure all genetic disorders
Period 5a/6
Date_______________________
4. Fruit flies with the curly-wing trait will
develop straight wings if kept at a
temperature of 16°C during development and
curly wings if kept at 25°C.
The best explanation for this change in the
shape of wings is that the:
(1) genes for curly wings and genes for straight
wings are found on different chromosomes
(2) type of genes present in the fruit fly is
dependent on environmental temperature
(3) environment affects the expression of the
genes for this trait
(4) higher temperature produces a gene
mutation
5. The genetic code of a DNA molecule is
determined by a specific sequence of
(1) ATP molecules
(3) chemical bonds
(2) sugar molecules
(4) molecular bases
6. To produce large tomatoes that are resistant
to cracking and splitting, some seed companies
use the pollen from one variety of tomato plant
tofertilize a different variety of tomato plant.
This process is an example of
(1) selective breeding (3) direct harvesting
(2) DNA sequencing
(4) cloning
7. If a set of instructions that determines all
of the characteristics of an organism is
compared to a book, and a chromosome is
compared to a chapter in the book, then what
might be compared to a paragraph in the book?
(1) a starch molecule
(3) an amino acid
(2) an egg
(4) a DNA molecule
8. What determines the kind of genes an
organism possesses?
(1) type of amino acids in the cells of the
organism
(2) sequence of the subunits A, T, C, and G in
the DNA of the organism
(3) size of simple sugar molecules in the organs
of the organism
(4) shape of the protein molecules in the
organelles of the organism
9. People with cystic fibrosis inherit defective
genetic information and cannot produce normal
CFTR proteins. Scientists have used gene
therapy to insert normal DNA segments that
code for the missing CFTR protein into the lung
cells of people with cystic fibrosis. Which
statement does not describe a result of this
therapy?
(1) Altered lung cells can produce the normal
CFTR protein.
(2) Altered lung cells can divide to produce
other lung cells with the normal CFTR gene.
(3) The normal CFTR gene may be expressed
in altered lung cells.
(4) Offspring of someone with altered lung cells
will inherit the normal CFTR gene.
10. A portion of a molecule is shown in the
diagram below.
Which statement best describes the main
function of this type of molecule?
(1) It is a structural part of the cell wall.
(2) It stores energy for metabolic processes.
(3) It determines what traits may be inherited.
(4) It transports
11. When DNA separates into two strands, the
DNA would most likely be directly involved in
(1) replication
(3) differentiation
(2) fertilization
(4) evolution
12. Which statement is true regarding an
alteration or change in DNA?
(1) It is always known as a mutation.
(2) It is always advantageous to an individual.
(3) It is always passed on to offspring.
(4) It is always detected by the process of
chromatography.
13. Scientific studies show that identical twins
who were separated at birth and raised in
different homes may vary in height, weight, and
intelligence.
The most probable explanation for these
differences is that
(1) original genes of each twin increased in
number as they developed
(2) one twin received genes only from the
mother while the other twin received genes
only from the father
(3) environments in which they were raised
were different enough to affect the expression
of their genes
(4) environments in which they were raised
were different enough to change the genetic
makeup of both individuals
14. The diagram below shows a process that can
occur during meiosis.
The most likely result of this process is
(1) a new combination of inheritable traits that
can appear in the offspring
(2) an inability to pass either of these
chromosomes on to offspring
(3) a loss of genetic information that will
produce a genetic disorder in the offspring
(4) an increase in the chromosome number of
the organism in which this process occurs
15. A change in the order of DNA bases that
code for a respiratory protein will most likely
cause:
(1) the production of a starch that has a similar
function
(2) the digestion of the altered gene by
enzymes
(3) a change in the sequence of amino acids
determined by the gene
(4) the release of antibodies by certain cells to
correct the error
16. A sudden change in the DNA of a
chromosome can usually be passed on to future
generations if the change occurs in a
(1) skin cell
(3) sex cell
(2) liver cell
(4) brain cell
17. The diagrams below represent some steps in
a procedure used in biotechnology.
Letters X and Y represent the
(1) hormones that stimulate the replication of
bacterial DNA
(2) biochemical catalysts involved in the
insertion of genes into other organisms
(3) hormones that trigger rapid mutation of
genetic information
(4) gases needed to produce the energy
required for gene manipulation
19. In Siamese cats, the fur on the ears, paws,
tail, and face is usually black or brown, while the
rest of the body fur is almost white. If a
Siamese cat is kept indoors where it is warm, it
may grow fur that is almost white on the ears,
paws, tail, and face, while a Siamese cat that
stays outside where it is cold, will grow fur that
is quite dark on these areas. The best
explanation for these changes in fur color is
that:
(1) an environmental factor influences the
expression of this inherited trait
(2) the location of pigment-producing cells
determines the DNA code of the genes
(3) skin cells that produce pigments have a
higher mutation rate than other cells
(4) the gene for fur color is modified by
interactions with the environment
20. The diagram below represents the
organization of genetic information within a cell
nucleus.
18. The letters in the diagram below represent
genes on a particular chromosome.
Gene B contains the code for an enzyme that
cannot be synthesized unless gene A is also
active. Which statement best explains why this
can occur?
(1) A hereditary trait can be determined by
more than one gene.
(2) Genes are made up of double-stranded
segments of DNA.
(3) All the genes on a chromosome act to
produce a single trait.
(4) The first gene on each chromosome controls
all the other genes on the chromosome.
The circle labeled Z most likely represents
(1) amino acids
(3) vacuoles
(2) chromosomes
(4) molecular bases
21. The chance of a XY chromosome
combination occurring in humans under normal
conditions is;
(1) 0%
(2) 50%
(3) 75%
(4) 100%
22. Molecule 1 represents a segment of
hereditary information, and molecule 2
represents the portion of a molecule that is
determined by information from molecule 1.
What will most likely happen if there is a change
in the first three subunits on the upper strand
of molecule 1?
(1) The remaining subunits in molecule 1 will
also change.
(2) A portion of molecule 2 may be different.
(3) Molecule 1 will split apart, triggering an
immune response.
(4) Molecule 2 may form two strands rather
than one.
26. Observe the following test cross: Using
your knowledge of genetics, write the correct
genotypes under each guinea pig for both the
Parental and the offspring generations.
What are the genotypes for the parent mice?
(1) Ww
(2) Bw
(3) Bb
(4) Wb
23. How could you determine the phenotype of
Mr. Specht?
(1) Examine his DNA
(2) Look at him
(3) Extract his genes
(4) Blood test
27. Two individuals with a given trait, one pure
dominant and one pure recessive, are mated. In
the resulting offspring, what percentage would
show the dominant phenotype?
(1) 50%
(2) 25%
(3) 75%
(4) 100%
24. If heterozygous black mice are with each
other, what percentage of the offspring will be
expected to have the same genotype for coat
color as their parents?
28. The diagram below represents a process
that occurs within a cell in the human pancreas.
(1) 100%
(3) 75%
(2) 50%
(4) 0%
25. A cross is made between two organisms,
both of which have a genotype of Bb for a
particular trait, and two offspring are produced.
The first offspring exhibits the dominant trait.
What is the probability that the second
offspring will exhibit the recessive trait?
(1) 1/2
(2) 1/4
(3) 3/4
(4) 0
This process is known as
(1) digestion by enzymes
(2) protein synthesis
(3) energy production
(4) replication of DNA