ENG1100 Introduction to English Grammar
University of Oslo
PRØVE I GRAMMATISK TERMINOLOGI OG ANALYSE 02.10.2003
Name (in CAPITALS): …..…………………………………………
Date of birth/personal identification number: ………………………
Member of grammar group meeting ….……. days at …..… o’clock
Name of group teacher: …………………………………………….
Signature: ………………………………..………………………....
Question
1. State the word
class of each
underlined word.
2. State what phrase
type has been
underlined in each
case.
3. What is the
function of the
underlined element
within each phrase?
Answer
a) I never promised you a rose garden.
a) (personal) pronoun
b) I never promised you a rose garden.
b) adverb
c) I never promised you a rose garden.
c) verb
d) I never promised you a rose garden.
d) noun
e) She suddenly jumped into the pool.
e) adverb
f) She suddenly jumped into the pool.
f) preposition
g) She suddenly jumped into the pool.
g) determiner (/article)
h) We were given a friendly reception.
h) verb
i) We were given a friendly reception.
i) adjective
a) They may have been trying to fool you.
a) verb phrase
b) It was a very confident smile.
b) adjective phrase
c) It was a very confident smile.
c) noun phrase
d) She answered with great confidence.
d) prepositional phrase
e) She answered the questions very well.
e) adverb phrase
f) Nobody in his right mind would agree.
f) (pronoun-headed) noun
phrase
a) glad to be able to help
a) complement (of
adjective) (/postmodifier)
b) with great confidence
b) (prepositional)
complement
c) great confidence
c) premodifier
d) nobody in his right mind
d) head
e) amazingly difficult
e) premodifier
f) a woman of independent means
f) postmodifier
g) a take-it-or-leave-it attitude
g) premodifier
4. What is the
syntactic function of
each of the
underlined clause
elements (subject,
object, etc.)?
5. Give the correct
present-tense forms
of the verbs in
capitals.
6. What is the chief
characteristic of each
of the underlined
nouns (proper,
uncountable,
collective, etc.)?
a) She is green with envy.
a) subject predicative
b) They called him a coward.
b) direct object
c) They called him a coward.
c) object predicative
d) I’ve given her all the details.
d) indirect object
e) I’ve given her all the details.
e) direct object
f) She’s in San Diego at the moment.
f) adverbial
g) She’s in San Diego at the moment.
g) adverbial
h) Tell them to wait.
h) verb
i) How many seats have those people
reserved?
i) subject
a) The news BE not very encouraging.
a) is
b) A number of people HAVE left.
b) have
c) There BE ten books left.
c) are
d) Her advice BE always very helpful.
d) is
e) The police BE after him again.
e) are
f) Everybody here THINK it’s a good idea.
f) thinks
g) The number of people who want to join
BE twenty-three.
g) is
a) The government haven’t decided yet.
a) collective
b) She was wearing her new jeans.
b) plural-only (/plural
uncountable)
c) Oslo is nice but expensive.
c) proper
d) My money wasn’t good enough for him.
d) (singular) uncountable
7. Underline all the finite verbs in the following text:
Bruising state budget cuts to higher-education funding are shrinking class offerings and
putting students in a double financial bind. First, they face rising tuitions: 40% this year in
California; 15% over two years in Virginia; 40% over three years in Iowa. Then, students
closed out of required courses because of limited offerings face the prospect of paying for
summer terms or extra semesters. Average public university tuition since 1982 has risen at
nearly twice the rate of inflation. Are there better ways for universities to cope with state
funding cuts or does the burden fall on the prospective students?
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8. Identify the clause elements in the following sentence, and specify how each clause
element is realised:
On a number of occasions the girl next door has very kindly helped me with the garden.
Use one line for each clause element, as has been done below with the following example:
Little soft clouds played happily in a blue sky.
Clause element:
Little soft clouds
Played
Happily
in the blue sky
Function of clause element:
Subject
Verb
Adverbial
Adverbial
Realisation:
Noun phrase
Verb phrase
Adverb phrase
Prepositional phrase
On a number of occasions
Adverbial
Prepositional phrase
the girl next door
Subject
Noun phrase
has … helped
Verb
(Discontinuous) verb phrase
very kindly
Adverbial
Adverb phrase
me
Direct object
(Personal) pronoun/(pronounheaded) noun phrase
with the garden
Adverbial
Prepositional phrase
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