Open Access Letter #1 Date: The Honorable [full name] U.S. House of Representatives Washington, D.C. 20515 (or) The Honorable [full name] U. S. Senate Washington, DC 20510 Dear Representative [last name] (or Senator [last name]): I am writing you today as a resident of ___________ [city, state in XXth Congressional District]. I am asking for your support for an “Open Access” program that places all peer-reviewed, taxpayer-funded medical research accepted for journal publication in a publicly accessible archive. From my standpoint, Open Access will give the ever-expanding millions of Americans searching the Internet access to credible, peer-reviewed research to better inform our healthcare decisions. I understand that the National Institutes of Health is considering just such a smart solution. Placing taxpayer-funded research in a public archive provides practical access to hard-to-find research by our physicians, other public health professionals, and disease advocacy groups. I believe this initiative will also help students, teachers, and scientists at thousands of academic institutions, including hospitals, research laboratories, and corporate research centers throughout the country by ensuring their access to the latest medical research. Currently, the vast majority of research funded with public dollars is available only through increasingly costly subscriptions (often more than $10,000 annually), institutional licenses (more than a million dollars annually for many universities), or per article purchases (as much as $30 for each). Instead, open access will allow timely and practical access to this research, which is essential for all of us to benefit from this investment and enhances the vitality of this important resource. Open access will remove unnecessary barriers by making the results of taxpayer-funded research available online, upon publication, and for no extra charge to the American public. I sincerely hope you will support efforts to create such an overdue program. I look forward to hearing from you very soon. Sincerely, DCIMAN1 52941v1 Open Access Letter #2 Date: The Honorable [full name] U.S. House of Representatives Washington, D.C. 20515 (or) The Honorable [full name] U. S. Senate Washington, DC 20510 Dear Representative [last name] (or Senator [last name]): I am writing you today as a resident of ___________ [city, state in XXth Congressional District]. As a citizen committed to the wise use of every tax dollar, I am asking you today for your help in reforming the way we make the best possible use of federally-funded investments in vital medical research. Currently, the vast majority of biomedical research funded with public dollars is available only through increasingly costly subscriptions, institutional licenses, or per article purchases. This practice leaves almost all American taxpayers with meager access to the nation’s investment in federal research including that of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). We can do much better with a system of “Open Access.” It is clear that Open Access makes a difference by allowing millions of Americans searching the Internet to have access to the credible, peer-reviewed research to inform their healthcare decisions. The public value recently was best shown when the National Library of Medicine (NLM) shifted its former fee-based search system for biomedical research citations (Medline) into the free, publicly-accessible system known as PubMed, located at www.pubmed.gov and maintained by the NLM at NIH. Even though it provided access only to brief abstracts of published medical research, use of PubMed increased 100-fold once the Medline material became freely available—an extraordinary public service. We can continue this increase in service to the average American by placing all peer-reviewed, NIH research accepted for journal publication in a publicly accessible archive such as PubMed Central (www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov). Placing research the taxpayer has helped to fund in a public archive will provide access to physicians and other public health professionals, disease interest groups, students, teachers, and scientists at thousands of academic institutions, including hospitals, research laboratories, and corporate research centers throughout the country, as well as to the nation’s global health partners. As the nation’s health care costs continue to climb, doesn’t it make practical sense to save costs in sharing vital medical information by reducing barriers to access? I hope you will agree to support open access to research for American taxpayers by supporting the creation of such a program through the NIH. Thanks for your consideration, and I look forward to having your response. Sincerely, DCIMAN1 52941v1 Open Access Letter #3 Date: The Honorable [full name] U.S. House of Representatives Washington, D.C. 20515 (or) The Honorable [full name] U. S. Senate Washington, DC 20510 Dear Representative [last name] (or Senator [last name]): I am writing you today as a resident of ___________ [city, state in XXth Congressional District]. I am extremely concerned that needless barriers prevent most Americans from obtaining access to the results of biomedical research paid for with their hard-earned tax dollars, including that of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) whose budget was doubled in the last five years. As a constituent associated with [name of university or research institution], I believe the widespread dissemination of advanced knowledge is critical to maintaining the vitality of our nation’s investment in research. I hope you agree. Currently, the vast majority of research funded with public dollars is available only through increasingly costly subscriptions, institutional licenses, or per article purchases. Continued maintenance of this system gives a very poor return on our nation’s investment in science research. The time has come to take the next practical step and offer the public full access to the biomedical research that we’ve funded with federal dollars. “Open Access” will remove needless barriers by making the results of taxpayer-funded research available online, upon publication, and for no extra charge to the American public. We can accomplish this service for the average American by placing all peer-reviewed, taxpayer-funded research accepted for journal publication in a free, publicly accessible digital archive such as PubMed Central run by the NIH’s National Library of Medicine and available online at www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov. Please join me in providing open access to research for all American taxpayers by supporting such an overdue program. Timely access to this research is essential for Americans to benefit from our investment and for our nation to increase the vitality of this key resource. Thank you for your consideration of this request; I look forward to hearing from you. Sincerely, Open Access Letter #4 DCIMAN1 52941v1 Date: The Honorable [full name] U.S. House of Representatives Washington, D.C. 20515 (or) The Honorable [full name] U. S. Senate Washington, DC 20510 Dear Representative [last name] (or Senator [last name]): I am writing you today as a resident of ___________ [city, state in XXth Congressional District]. First, as an advocate for expanding our federal commitment to biomedical research, I am grateful to Congress for doubling the budget for our National Institutes of Health (NIH) over the past five years. This is a significant advance for the health of all Americans. I am seriously troubled, however, that most Americans do not have practical access to this taxpayer-funded research. I am writing you today to ask your help in reforming this practice by supporting “Open Access.” Currently, the vast majority of research funded with public dollars is available only through increasingly costly subscriptions, institutional licenses, or per article purchases. Continued maintenance of this system leaves the American taxpayer with meager access to our nation’s investment in federal research. This means that many fewer citizens, physicians, researchers, students and public institutions can afford to share in path-breaking new studies, which reduces the possible return on the public’s investment. An Open Access practice would make all the difference—by placing all peer-reviewed, taxpayer-funded research accepted for journal publication in a free, publicly accessible digital archive run by the NIH’s National Library of Medicine (NLM) (www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov). The public value recently was revealed when the NLM shifted its former fee-based search system for biomedical research citations (Medline) into the free, publicly-accessible system known as PubMed, located at www.pubmed.gov and maintained by the NLM at NIH. Even though it provided access only to brief abstracts of published medical research, use of PubMed increased 100-fold once the Medline material became freely available—an extraordinary public service. I believe it is vital for Congress to support biomedical research with our tax dollars, but I strongly disagree that we should pay twice to benefit directly from access to this research. I hope you think so, too, and will support Congressional and NIH efforts to adopt open access policies in the near-term. I look forward to hearing from you very soon. Sincerely, Open Access Letter #5 Date: DCIMAN1 52941v1 The Honorable [full name] U.S. House of Representatives Washington, D.C. 20515 (or) The Honorable [full name] U. S. Senate Washington, DC 20510 Dear Representative [last name] (or Senator [last name]): I am writing you today as a resident of ___________ [city, state in XXth Congressional District]. As a citizen who is personally concerned with the growing incidence of [disease such as cancer, Alzheimer’s, heart disease, Parkinson’s, etc.], I am grateful for all Congress can do to support the National Institutes of Health (NIH) as a commitment to biomedical research. However, as a taxpayer, I am distressed to know how often Americans are denied practical access to cutting edge medical research when they, like me, are seeking more information to make healthcare decisions for themselves and their families. I believe it’s time to reform this practice by implementing “Open Access.” We can do this with your support. An example Open Access policy would be to place all peer-reviewed, taxpayer-funded research accepted for journal publication into a free, publicly accessible, digital archive such as PubMed Central, which is run by the NIH’s National Library of Medicine and available online at www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov. Today, as patient advocates have discovered, the vast majority of research funded with public dollars is available only through increasingly costly subscriptions, institutional licenses, or per article purchases. Continued maintenance of this system leaves almost all American taxpayers with meager access to our nation’s investment in federal research. This means that many fewer citizens, physicians, researchers, students, and public institutions can afford to share in pathbreaking new studies. This also hampers our progress in developing new patient therapies and finding cures, which reduces the possible return on our investment in this research. Again, to battle disease, it is vital for Congress to support biomedical research with our tax dollars, but I strongly disagree we should pay twice to benefit directly from practical access to this research. I hope you will support Congressional and NIH efforts to adopt open access policies as the right answer. I look forward to hearing from you very soon. Sincerely, DCIMAN1 52941v1