Bibliography : Ideas in Geography
Reading is essential to this course and you should aim to ensure you do at least
four hours reading a week for this course. The reading list below gives suggested
readings for each section in the first part of the course. Individual teachers will
provide additional readings.
There is no single text book for the course however the following text books will
be useful throughout the course:
Cloke, P., Crang, P. & Goodwin, M. 1999 Introducing Human Geographies
(London:Arnold)
Gregory, K.J., The Changing Nature of Physical Geography (2000).
Holloway, S., Rice, S. & Valentine, G. 2003 Key Concepts in Geography (Sage)
Johnston, R.J. (ed) 2000 The Dictionary of Human Geography (Oxford:
Blackwell)
Johnston, R.J. 1986 Philosophy and Human Geography (Oxford: Blackwell)
Rogers, A., Viles, H. & Goudie, A. (eds) 2003 The student’s companion to
Geography (Oxford: Blackwell)
Lecture 2: Geography, Exploration and Empire
Domosh, M. 1991 ‘Towards a feminist historiography of geography’ Transactions
of the Institute of British Geographers, Volume 16, p95-104
Driver, F. 1992 ‘Geography’s Empire: histories of geographical knowledge’
Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 10, 23-40
Driver, F. 2000 Geography Militant: Cultures of Exploration and Empire
(Blackwell), Chapters 1,2 and 9
*Heffernan, M. 2003 ‘Histories of Geography’ in S. Holloway et al. Key Concepts
in Geography, 3-22
*Livingstone, D. 2003 ‘A brief history of geography’ in A. Rogers & H. Viles (eds)
The Student’s Companion to Geography , 275-283
Livingstone, D. 1992 The Geographical Tradition (Blackwell), Chapters 5 & 7
Ryan, J. 1997 Picturing Empire (Reaktion)
Smith, N. & Godlewska, A. 1994 Geography and Imperialism (Blackwell),
Chapters 1 and 7
Stoddart, D. 1986 On Geography (Blackwell)
*Unwin, T. 1992 The Place of Geography (Longman)(Chapters 3-4)
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Lecture 3: Theorising Geography
Blunt, A. 2003 ‘Geography and the humanities tradition’ in Holloway et al. Key
concepts in Geography (Sage), 73-91
Johnston, R. 2003 ‘Geography and the social science tradition’ in Holloway et al.
Key concepts in Geography (Sage), 51-72
Richards, K. 2003 ‘Geography and the physical sciences tradition’ in Holloway et
al. Key concepts in Geography (Sage), 23-50
Lecture 4. Society-space
(a) Theoretical discussions
Cresswell, T. 1999 ‘Place’ in Introducing Human Geographies (Chapter 24)
*Smith, S.J. 1999 ‘Society-space’ in Introducing Human Geographies (Chapter 2)
*Thrift, N. 2003 ‘Space: the fundamental stuff of geography’ in Holloway, S. et al.
Key Concepts in Geography, p95-108
Valentine, G. 2001 Social Geographies: Space and Society (Prentice Hall),
Introduction
(b) Some examples
Burgess, J. 1998 ‘But is it worth taking the risk?’ How women negotiate access to
urban woodland: a case study’ in R. Ainley (ed) New Frontiers of Space, bodies
gender (Routledge), 115-128
Cresswell, T. (1996) In place/out of place: geography, ideology and
transgression , Minnesota Press, (See particularly Chapters 3,4,5)
Pain, R (1997) “Social geographies of women’s fear of crime” Transactions of the
Institute of British Geographers 22(2), 231-244
Sibley, D. (1992) “Outsiders in Society and Space” in Anderson, K. & Gayle, F.
(eds) Inventing Places (Longman), 107-122
Valentine, G. (1989) "The geography of women's fear" Area 21, pp385-90
Lecture 5. Local-Global
*Crang, P. 1999 ‘Local-Global’ in Introducing Human Geographies (Chapter 3)
Allen, J. 1995 ‘Global worlds’ in J. Allen & D. Massey (eds) Geographical Worlds
(Oxford University Press), 105-42
Castree, N. 2003 ‘Place: connections and boundaries in an interdependent
world’ in Holloway, S. et al. Key Concepts in Geography, p165-186
Dwyer, C. 1999 ‘Migrations and Diasporas in Introducing Human Geographies
(Chapter 30)
Jackson, P. (1999) ‘Commodity cultures: the traffic in things’, Transactions Of
The Institute Of British Geographers 24, 95-108
Leslie, D., and Reimer, S. (1999) ‘Spatializing commodity chains’, Progress In
Human Geography, 23, 401-420
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Massey, D. 1994 ‘A global sense of place’ in Space, Place and Gender (Polity
Press), 146-56
Hall, S. 1995 ‘New Cultures for Old’ in D. Massey & P. Jess (eds) A Place in the
World (Oxford University Press), 176-211
Shurmer-Smith, P. & Hannam, K. 1994 ‘Chapter Five: The world as a place: A
global culture? ’ in Worlds of Desire, Realms of Power A cultural geography
(Arnold)
Smith, M. (1996) ‘The empire filters back: consumption, production and the
politics of Starbuck coffee’, Urban Geography 17, 502-25.
Lecture 6. : Approaching ‘Nature and Culture’ in Geography
Some background to the concepts
Agnew, J.A., Livingstone, D. and Rogers, A. (eds) (1996) Human Geography: an
essential anthology. Oxford Blackwell (Part 3 on has historical examples of
different approaches to nature, culture and landscape).
Johnston, R.J., Gregory, D. and Smith D. M. (eds) (1994) The dictionary of
human Geography Oxford Blackwell, entries on ‘nature’ and ‘culture’
*Rogers, A. (1992) Key themes and debate in Rogers, Viles and Goudie
Student’s companion to Geography Blackwells
*Whatmore, S. (1999) ‘Culture-Nature’ in Cloke, P., Crang, P. and Goodwin, M.
Introducing Human Geographies Arnold.
Some historical context
Livingstone, D. (1992) The Geographical Tradition Oxford Blackwell
Unwin, T. (1992) The Place of Geography Longman
Some contemporary debates
As well as some background reading I would suggest that you take a look at two
of these journal exchanges between physical and human geographers to look at
the different ways that geographers have tried, and at times failed, to facilitate a
dialogue between different ways of approaching nature and culture.
Douglas, I. (1986) The Unity of Geography is obvious Transactions of the
Institute of British Geographers Vol.11, No.4, pp.459-463
Johnston, R.J. (1986) Four fixations and the quest for unity in geography
Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers Vol.11, No.4, pp.449-453
Massey, D. (1999) Space-time, ‘science’ and the relationship between physical
and human geography Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers 24,
no. 3, 261-276
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Lane, S. N. (2001), "Constructive comments on D Massey - 'Space-time,
"science" and the relationship between physical geography and human
geography'", Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, vol. 26, no.
2, pp. 243-256.
Raper J, Livingstone D (2001) Let's get real: spatio-temporal identity and
geographic entities Transactions Of The Institute Of British Geographers 26
(2): 237-242 2001
Thrift, N. (2002), "The future of geography", Geoforum, vol. 33, no. 3, pp. 291298.
Clifford, N. J. (2002), "The future of Geography: when the whole is less than the
sum of its parts", Geoforum, vol. 33, no. 4, pp. 431-436.
Powell RC (2002) The Sirens' voices? Field practices and dialogue in geography
Area 34 (3): 261-272
Demeritt D, Dyer S (2002) Dialogue, metaphors of dialogue and understandings
of geography
Area 34 (3): 229-241
Lecture 7. Self-Other
*Cloke, P. 1999 ‘Self-Other’ in Introducing Human Geographies (Chapter 5)
Crang, M. 1998 ‘Self and other’ in Cultural Geography (Routledge), Chapter 5
*Driver, F. 1999 ‘Imaginative Geographies’ in Introducing Human Geographies
(Chapter 22)
Jackson, P. 1992 ‘Constructions of culture, representations of race: Edward
Curtis’s ‘way of seeing’ in K. Anderson & F. Gayle (eds) Inventing Places,
(Longman) 89-105
Jackson, P. 1998 ‘Constructions of whiteness in the geographical imagination’
Area, 30(2), 99-106
Tivers, J. (1978) "How the other half lives" Area 10(4), 302-306
Hanson, S. & Monk, J. (1982) "On not excluding half of the human in human
geography" The Professional Geographer 34(1), 11-23
Rose, G. 1995 ‘Place and identity: A sense of place’ in D. Massey & P. Jess
(eds) A Place in the World (Oxford University Press)
Said, E. 1995 Orientalism (Penguin)
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Women and Geography Study Group 1997 Feminist G eographies: Explorations
in Diversity and Difference (Longman)
Lecture 9: Geography, Environment and Policy
R L Bryant & G A Wilson, 1998, Rethinking environmental management,
Progress in Human Geography 22, 321-343
*P Cloke, P Crang & M Goodwin (eds), 1999, Introducing Human Geographies.
Ch 13, ‘Sustainability’ by W Adams, pp 125-132; Ch 14 ‘Environmental Problems
& Management’ by A Jordan & T O’Riordan, pp 133-140
R U Cooke, 1992, Common ground: shared inheritance: research imperatives for
environmental geography, Transactions of the Institute of British Geography 17,
131-151
*P Leroy and K Verhagen, 2003, Environmental politics: Society's
capacity for political response, in A Blowers and S Hinchliffe (eds),
Environmental Responses, Ch. 4, 143-184
*I Simmons, 1997, Humanity & Environment: A Cultural Ecology, Ch 2, ‘Data
from the Natural Sciences’, pp 44-55; Ch 5, ‘Cultural Constructions’, pp 188-236
D Stoddart, 1987, To claim the high ground: Geography for the end of the
century, Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers 12, 327-336
*These references also provide a link to lectures in Geog:1004: Human Ecology
Lecture 11: Geography and GIS
The lecture will be based on material from:
Longley P A, Goodchild M F, Maguire D J and Rhind D W (2001) Geographic
Information Systems and Science. Chichester: Wiley. Chapters 1 (1-26) and 2
(27-58).
Other useful references include:
Maguire D J, Goodchild M F, Rhind D W, editors 1991 Geographical information
systems: principles and applications. Harlow, UK: Longman
*Chapter 1, An overview and definition of GIS (Maguire D J)
*Chapter 2, The history of GIS (Coppock J T, Rhind D W)
Chapter 3, The technological setting of GIS (Goodchild M F)
Chapter 4, The commercial setting of GIS (Dangermond J)
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Chapter 6, The academic setting of GIS (Unwin D J)
Chapter 7, The organizational home for GIS in the scientific professional
community (Morrison J L)
(All of these can be downloaded, free of charge, from www.wiley.co.uk/gis.
Longley P A, Goodchild M F, Maguire D J, Rhind D W, editors 1999
Geographical information systems: principles, techniques, management and
applications. New York: Wiley.
*Chapter 3, Geography and GIS (Johnston R J)
*Chapter 4, Arguments, debates and dialogues: the GIS-social theory debate
and the concern for alternatives (Pickles J)
*Chapter 40, The future of GIS and spatial analysis (Goodchild M F, Longley P
A)
Chapter 54, Enabling progress in GIS education (Forer P, Unwin D)
Other online resources
See Section 1.5.4 of Longley et al (2001: op cit) for a selection of Web sites that
feature online news, chatrooms, lists of events, and other resources for the GIS
community.
For an excellent summary of the history of GIS see the GIS Timeline at
www.casa.ucl.ac.uk/gistimeline/
Lecture 13
Bird, J.H., 'Methodological implications for geography from the philosophy of K.R.
Popper', Scottish Geographical Magazine, Vol 9 (1973), pp153-315.
Brown, E.H., 'Historical geomorphology - principles and practice', Zeit fur
Geomorph Supp, Vol 36 (1980), pp9-15.
Chalmers, A.F., What is this thing called Science? (2nd edn., 1982).
Chorley, R.J., 'The role and relations of physical geography', Progress in
Geography, Vol 3 (1971), pp87-109.
Chorley, R.J., 'Bases for theory in geomorphology', in Embleton, C. et al (eds),
Geomorphology: Past Problems and Future Prospects (1978).
Chorley, R.J. and Haggett, P., Models in Geography (1967).
Chorley, R.J. and Kennedy, B., Physical Geography: a Systems Approach
(1971)
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Halstead, B., 'Popper: good philosophy or bad science', New Scientist, Vol
87(1980), pp215-217.
Gerrard, A.J., 'Multiple working hypotheses and equifinality in geomorphology:
comments on the recent article by Haines-Young and Petch', Trans IBG, New
Series, Vol 9(1984), pp364-366. (And the reply from Haines-Young and Petch,
pp367-371.)
Gregory, K.J., The Nature of Physical Geography (1985).
Gregory, K.J., The Changing Nature of Physical Geography (2000).
Haines-Young, R.H. and Petch, J.R., 'The challenge of critical rationalism for
methodology in physical geography', Progress in Physical Geography, Vol
4(1980), pp63-77.
Haines-Young, R.H. and Petch, J.R., 'Causal and functional relationships in
geomorphology: a reply', Earth Surf. Proc., Vol 6(1981), pp207-9.
Haines-Young, R.H. and Petch, J.R., 'Multiple working hypothesis: equifinality
and the study of landforms', Trans IBG, New Series, Vol 8(1983), pp458-66.
Haines-Young, R.H. and Petch, J.R., Physical Geography: Its Nature and
Methods (1986). This provides an excellent overview
Holt-Jensen, A., Geography: its History and Concepts (1980), chapters 3 and 5.
Little, J., 'Evolution: myth, metaphysics or science?', New Scientist, Vol 87(1980),
pp708-9.
Magee, B., Popper (1974), especially chapters 1-3 and 5.
Marshall, J.U., 'Geography as a scientific enterprise', in Johnston, R.J. (ed), The
Future of Geography (1985), pp113-128.
Moss, R.P., 'Seven pillars of wisdom; a note on methodology', Area, Vol 4
(1972), pp237-241.
Moss, R.P., 'Deductive strategies in geographical generalization', Progress in
Physical Geography, Vol 10(1977), pp23-39.
Moss, R.P., 'On geography as science', Geoforum, Vol 10 (1979), pp223-233.
Orme, A., 'Understanding and predicting the physical world', in Johnston, R.J.
(ed), The Future of Geography (1985), pp258-275.
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Popper, K., The Logic of Scientific Discovery (1965).
Schumm, S.A., To interpret the Earth: Ten ways to be wrong (1991).
Simmons, I.G. and Cox, N.J., 'Holistic and reductionistic approaches to
geography', in R.J. Johnston (ed), The Future of Geography (1985), pp43-58.
Stoddart, D.R., 'Geography and the ecological approach, the ecosystem as a
geographic principle and method', in Davies, W. (ed), The Conceptual Revolution
in Geography (1972), pp301-41.
Tett, S. et al., Science, 274, 1170-1173 (1996).
Ziman, J., Reliable knowledge: an exploration of the grounds for belief in science
(1978).
Lecture 14
Baker, V. R., ‘The prgamatic roots of American Quaternary geology and
geomorphology’, (1996), Geomorphology 16, 197-215.
Burroughs, W. J. Weather Cycles: real or imaginary (1992).
This book has a critical review of the good and bad science undertaken to
determine the presence of cyclicity in weather.
Feyerabend, P. Against Method. (1st edition) (1975)
Feyerabend, P. Against Method. (3rd edition) (1993). Preface to 3rd edition,
preface to Chinese edition, Chapters 1-5, 17-20.
Feyerabend, P. Farewell to Reason (1987)
Feyerabend, P. Killing Time (1995)
Galison, P. How Experiments End. (1987) Chapter 1
Jones, B., 1974: Plate tectonics: A Kuhnian case? New Scientist, 63, 353-358
Kuhn, T.S. The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. (2nd edition) (1977) This is
hard going and is referenced more for completeness. It is worth picking up to
flick through at least.
O’Hear, A. Introduction to the Philosophy of Science (1989).
11
Pickering, A. Constructing Quarks. (1984). Chapter 1.
Rhoads, B. L., ‘On being a real geomorphologist’, (1994), Earth Surface Process
and Landforms, 19, 269-272.
Richards, K., ‘The problems of real geomorphology - comments’, (1994), Earth
Surface Process and Landforms, 19, 273-276.
Bassett, K., ‘Real geomorphology revisited’, (1994), Earth Surface Process and
Landforms, 19, 277-281.
Lecture 19:
Alligood, K.T., Sauer, T., and Yorke, J.A. CHAOS: An Introduction to Dynamical
Systems, Springer-Verlag
Baker, G. L., and Gollub, J. P., Chaotic Dynamics, Cambridge University Press,
1990
D. Dendrinos, The dynamics of cities, 1992, Routledge, London
Gleick, J.: “Chaos: making a new science” Vintage (1989)
Gulick, Denny, Encounters with chaos, McGraw-Hill, 1992
Kaplan, Daniel, and Glass, Leon Understanding Nonlinear Dynamics, SpringerVerlag, 1995.
Lorenz, E. N.: “Deterministic non-periodic flow” J. Atmos. Sci. 20,130-141 (1963)
Lorenz, E. N.: “The Essence of Chaos” UCL Press (1993)
May, R: Necessity and chance: deterministic chaos in ecology and evolution.
Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. 32, 291-308 (1995).
Phillips, J.D., 1993: Chaotic evolution of some coastal plain soils. Physical
Geography, 14, 566-80
Phillips, T.J., 1993: Instability and chaos in hillslope evolution. Amercican Journal
of science, 293, 25-48
Tsonis A.A.: “Chaos and Unpredictability of Weather” Weather 44, 258-263
(1989)
Tsonis, A. A., Chaos: from Theory to Applications, Plenum Press, 1992.
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Washington, R., 2000: Quantifying Chaos in the Atmosphere. Progress in
Physical Geography, 24, 499-514
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