Unit 5 Mitosis, Meiosis and cell regulation.
Chapters 12-13, 19 in Red Book
Chapters 8 and 11 in Green Book
Chapter 8 (Red book)
Vocabulary
Binary fission
Chromatin
Chromosome
Genome
Diploid
Haploid
Gamete
Somatic cell
Genome
Centromere
Gene
Sister chromatid
Mitosis
Cytokinesis
Cell cycle
G1 phase
G2 phase
S phase
Interphase
prophase
metaphase
Anaphase
telophase
spindle fibers
Centrioles
cancer
malignant tumor
Metastasis
benign tumor
contact inhibition
Cleavage furrow
cell plate
Density dependent inhibition
Cyclin
anchorage dependence
Cdks
MPF
cell cycle checkpoint
G0 phase
homologous chromosomes
synapsis
life cycle
Tetrad
crossing over
chiasmata
Alternation of generations
zygote
karyotyping
Locus
sex chromosomes
parthenogenesis
Budding
genetic recombination
nondisjunction
Karyotype
chromosomal mutation
gene mutation
Meiosis
asexual reproduction
sexual reproduction
Autosomes
sex chromosomes
gene mapping

Describe the many differences and similarities between mitosis and meiosis.

What is the significance of meiosis in the big picture? Mitosis?

Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of asexual and sexual reproduction.

What are the four sources for genetic variation in a population? Why is this important?

Be able to explain the basic life cycle plan of fungi, animals, and plants.

How does cytokinesis differ for plant cells and animal cells?

List the stages and substages of the cell cycle and what occurs in each stage using important terminology.

How does mitosis provide continuity and ability to change at the same time?

Differentiate “big” chromosomes, “small (single stranded)” chromosomes, chromatids, and chromatin.

Know the number of chromosomes at any point in the cell cycle for humans for meiosis or mitosis

Understand the checkpoints in the cell cycle and how they can lead to cancer when faulty (red book)

Be able to list and explain the types of chromosomal mutations.
Chapter 11 (red book)
Vocabulary
Stem cells
Embryonic stem cells
Operon
Promoter
RNA polymerase
Enhancers
Introns
Euchromatin
histones
homeotic gene
Oncogene
P53 gene
Carcinogen
G protein
Transcription
Blastocyst
Therapeutic cloning
adult stem cells
lac operon (inducible)
operator
repressor
5’ GTP cap
exons
heterochromatin
nucleosomes
homeobox
Protooncogene
DNA methylation
BRCA genes 1 and 2
signal transduction pathway
translation
barr body
Reproductive cloning
differentiation
trp operon (repressible)
TATA box
transcription factors
3’ poly A tail
histones
X chromosome inactivation
alternative RNA splicing
ras gene
Tumor supressor gene
Histone acetylation
protein kinase
tumor
gene expression
Be able to relate what stem cells are and the differences between the types of cloning and the types of stem cells
Be able to explain the lac operon and trp operon and their overall goal.
Be able to explain the three post-transcriptional modifications of eukaryotic cells.
Be able to explain the two mechanisms for how the signal transduction pathways can lead to cancer (224)
Be able to explain the multiple steps needed for colon cancer development and what polyps indicate in the colon. (225)
How do eukaryotic organisms control transcription through the use of enhancers and transcription factors?
Be able to explain the four mechanisms for translational and post-translational control
Describe the series of events of how an animal embryo develops as it relates to cell to cell signaling, homeobox, homeotic genes (220-2)
Reading guide pages 208-209, 212-214
1.
What are the differences between therapeutic and reproductive cloning?
2.
What are the differences between embryonic and adult stem cells?
3.
How do the following terms relate to stem cells and cloning?
a. Blastocyst
4.
b.
Differentiation
c.
Culture conditions
d.
Dolly
e.
Nuclear transplantation
f.
Surrogate mother
How does our body make an entire body from the fertilized egg considering that all cells have the same DNA? Write three
statements that would help explain this.
Reading pages 210-211, 215-219
5.
Describe the lac operon and why it is called the inducible operon.
6.
Trp operon is a repressible operon although it has the same “parts” as in the lac operon story. What is different in the trp operon
in the story itself and the result of the story?
7.
How do eukaryotic cells control transcription via DNA packaging?
8.
If the tightly packaged chromatin regions are called heterochromatin and the loosely packaged version is called euchromatin,
which is likely to be transcribed and why does this make sense?
9.
X inactivation leads to the formation of a Barr Body (inactivated X chromosome) in each cell. How does this lead to a tortoise
shell or calico cat?
Read pages 220-222
10. Describe the series of events of how an animal embryo develops as it relates to cell to cell signaling, homeobox, homeotic genes.