The Gospel and Islam
Dr. Evertt W. Huffard
Summer Seminar in Missions (ACU)
May 17-27, 2004
The Gospel and Islam (BI-122/5951)
Dr. Evertt W. Huffard
COURSE DESCRIPTION
This course will concentrate on the history, culture, and theology of Islam
with specific application to Christian ministry among Muslims. Both obstacles
and opportunities for evangelism will be considered. Also, missiological
principles will be applied to the formulation of the Christian message to
Muslims.
REQUIREMENTS
Purchase The World of Islam CD-ROM which has the full text of 50 of the
best books, journal articles, and maps on Islam. [All the books in bold print in
the bibliography below are on this CD.] The first three books below are on the
CD and will need to be read in full for the quiz on May 24. The fourth book
(Reaching the Resistant) will also need to be read before class but will not be
covered in the first quiz. There will be other assignments from this CD.
• Colin Chapman, Cross and Crescent. IVP, 1995.
• Bill Musk, The Unseen Face of Islam. London: MARC, 1989.
• Dudley Woodberry, ed., Muslims and Christians on the Emmaus
Road, MARC, 1989.
• Dudley Woodberry, ed., Reaching the Resistant: Barriers and Bridges
for Mission. William Carey Library, 1998.
Grades will be based on:
• Class participation and participation in the Focus sessions 25-27 with
Dr. Paul Hiebert and Dr. Monte Cox. (20%)
• Term Paper (35%)
• Quiz, May 24, on Chapman, Musk, & Woodberry (1989) (20%)
• Final Exam (25%)
COURSE OUTLINE
1. Pre-Islamic Arabia and the History of Islam
Bell, R. The Origin of Islam in Its Christian Environment, London: Cass, 1968.
Gibb, Hamilton, "Pre-Islamic Monotheism in Arabia," Harvard Theological Review
1962, 55(4): 269-280.
Hitti, Philip, History of the Arabs. New York: St. Martins Press, 1970.
1
The Gospel and Islam
Dr. Evertt W. Huffard
Summer Seminar in Missions (ACU)
May 17-27, 2004
Lewis, Bernard, Islam: From the Prophet Muhammad to the Capture of
Constantinople. Vol I & II. New York: Harper and Row, 1974.
McNeill, W. H., and M. R. Waldman, eds., The Islamic World. New York: Oxford
University Press, 1973.
Nicholson, Reynold, A Literary History of the Arabs, Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press, 1976.
Rahman, Fazlur, Islam. Garden City, New York: Anchor Books, 1966.
Torrey, C. C., The Jewish Foundation of Islam, New York: Jewish Institute of
Religion Press, 1933.
Trimingham, T. S., Christianity Among the Arabs in Pre-Islamic Times. New York:
Longman, 1979.
1. The political context
2. The religious context
2. Belief System: Allah, Muhammad, Qur'an and Piety
'Ali, A. Yusuf, trans., The Meaning of the Holy Qur'an.
Andrae, Tor, Mohammed: The Man and His Faith. New York: Harper and Row, 1960.
Arberry, A. J., The Koran Interpreted. New York: Oxford University Press, 1974.
Ayoub, Mahmoud M., The Qur'an and Its Interpreters. Vol. 1. Albany, NY: State
University of New York, 1984.
Braswell, George, Jr., Islam: Its Prophet, Peoples, Politics, and Power. Nashville:
Broadman & Holman, 1996.
Campbell, Dr. William, The Qur'an and the Bible in Light of History and Science.
Middle East Resources, n.d.
Cragg, Kenneth, The Event of the Qur'an: Islam in Its Scripture. London: George Allen
and Unwin, 1971.
, The Mind of the Qur'an: Chapters in Reflection. London: George
Allen and Unwin, 1973.
, Muhammad and the Christian: A Question of Response. Maryknoll:
Orbis, 1984.
Cragg, Kenneth and Marston Speight, Islam From Within: Anthology of a Religion.
Belmont, Ca.: Wadsworth Publishing Co, 1980.
Eaton, Charles Le Gai, Islam and the Destiny of Man. Albany, New York: State
University of New York Press, 1985.
Gilchrist, John, The Qur'an: The Scripture of Islam. Mondeor, S.A.: Muslim
Evangelicalism Resource Centre, 1995.
Institute for the Study of Islam & Christianity, Survey of Islam. London: I.S.I.C., 2000.
Kassis, Hanna E., A Concordance of the Qur'an. Berkeley: University of California
Press, 1983..
Martinson, Paul Varo, ed., Islam: An Introduction for Christians. Stephanie Ornsby
Cox, trans., Minneapolis: Augsburg, 1994.
Murad, Khurram, Let Us Be Muslims, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: The Islamic
Foundation, 1985.
Nazir-Ali, Michael, Islam: A Christian Perspective. Exeter:Paternoster Press, 1983.
Padwick, C. E., Muslim Devotions: A Study of Prayer Manuals in Common Use,
London: SPCK, 1961.
Parrinder, Geoffrey, Jesus in the Qur'an. New York: Oxford University Press. 1977.
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The Gospel and Islam
Dr. Evertt W. Huffard
Summer Seminar in Missions (ACU)
May 17-27, 2004
Parshall, Phil, Inside the Community: Understanding Muslims Through Their
Traditions, Grand Rapids: Baker, 1994.
________, The Cross and Crescent: Understanding the Muslim Mind and Heart.
Wheaton, IL: Tyndale House, 1989.
Sherif, Faruq, A Guide to the Contents of the Qur'an. London: Ithica Press, 1985.
Smart, Ninian, Worldviews: Crosscultural Explorations of Human Beliefs, New York:
Charles Scribner's Sons, 1983.
Smart, Ninian and Richard Hecht, eds., Sacred Texts of the World: A Universal
Anthology, New York: Crossroad Publishing, 1982. [cf. "Islam," pp. 125-177]
Stanton, H. V., The Teaching of the Qur'an. London: Society For the Promotion of
Christian Knowledge, 1919.
Wansbrough, John, Quranic Studies: Sources and Methods of Scriptural Interpretation.
New York: Oxford Universtiy Press, 1977.
Watt, W. Montgomery, Muhammad: Prophet and Statesman. New York: Oxford
University, 1961.
, Bell's Introduction to the Qur'an, Edinburgh: University Press,
1970.
1. Byzantine and Persian Empires exhausted and weak after years of conflict, leaving
Arabia in a position of strength as it controlled the commerce and travel.
2. Muhammad was born at a unique time and place in history. Combined with the
personal circumstances of his own childhood, he was able to develop the
independency and power necessary for innovation and change. His life story is one
of exceptional success in living within the tensions between independence and
dependence in four areas:
(1) Tribal Independence
(3) Socio-political Independence
(2) Financial Independence
(4) New Islamic Umma
3. Important dates to remember:
4. Muhammad's strategy and leadership styles
5. Muhammad's relationship with Jews and Christians
6. Veneration of Muhammad
7. The Qur'an
8. Piety in Islam
9. Hadith: Where ideal becomes real in Islam
10. The spread of Islam
11. Understanding the Muslim belief system (Ninian Smart)
3. Muslim Life and Family Values
Abdul-Rauf, Muhammad, The Islamic Views of Women and the Family. New York:
Robert Speller and Sons, 1977.
Cragg, Kenneth., The Call of the Minaret, Maryknoll, NY: Orbis, 1985.
Doi, Abdur Rahman I., Shari'ah: The Islamic Law, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: A. S.
Noordeen, 1984.
Esposito, John, "Islam in the World and in America," in World Religions in America:
An Introduction, Lousiville, KY: Westminster/John Knox, 1994, pp. 243-257.
________, Women in Muslim Family Law. NY: Syracuse University Press, 1982.
Haddad, Yvonne, ed., The Muslims of America, New York: Oxford, 1991.
Haddad, Yvonne and Adair Lummis, Islamic Values in the United States. New York:
Oxford University Press, 1983.
3
The Gospel and Islam
Dr. Evertt W. Huffard
Summer Seminar in Missions (ACU)
May 17-27, 2004
Institute for the Study of Islam and Christianity, "Community Development in Islam
and Christianity, With Special Reference to Africa." n.d.
Lerner, Daniel, The Passing of Traditional Society: Modernizing the Middle East,
New York: Free Press, 1958.
Lutfiyya, Abdulla and Charles Churchill, eds., Readings in Arab Middle Eastern
Societies and Cultures. The Hague: Mouton, 1970.
Nadwi, S. Abul Hasan Ali, Islamic Concept of Prophethood. Lucknow, India:
Academy of Islamic Research, 1976.
Szalay, Lorand, et.al., U.S.-Arabic Communication Lexicon of Cultural Meanings:
Interpersonal and Social Relations, Washington, D.C.: Institute of
Comparative Social and Cultural Studies, 1978.
William, J. A., Themes of Islamic Civilization. Berkeley, Ca.: University of
California Press, 1971.
1. Understanding of self and society
2. Core values of an Arab society
• Honor/shame
• Authority/submission
• Loyalty/family
4. Folk Islam
Gilliland, Dean, African Religion Meets Islam: Religious Change in Northern
Nigeria, Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 1986.
Hiebert, Paul G., "The Flaw of the Excluded Middle." Missiology , 1982, 10(1): 35-47.
Hiebert, Paul G., Shaw R., and Tienou, Tite. Understanding Folk Religion. Baker, 1999.
Musk, Bill, The Unseen Face of Islam: Sharing the Gospel with Ordinary Muslims.
Crowborough, E. Sussex: Monarch Publications, 1989.
Musk, Bill, "Popular Islam: The Hunger of the Heart." In The Gospel and Islam.
Don McCurry, ed., pp. 208-224, Monrovia, Ca.: MARC, 1979.
, The Unseen Face of Islam: Sharing the Gospel with Ordinary
Muslims. London: MARC, 1989.
Parshall, Phil, Bridges to Islam: A Christian Perspective on Folk Islam. Grand
Rapids: Baker, 1983.
Schimmel, Annemarie, Mystical Dimensions of Islam. Chapel Hill, NC: The
University of North Carolina Press, 1975.
Van Rheenen, Gailyn, "Cultural Conceptions of Power in Biblical Perspective,"
Missiology, 1993, 21(1):41-53.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Universal phenomenon of popular religion
Spirits/jinn
Evil Eye
Saints and shrines
Case study: al-Khadir
4
The Gospel and Islam
Dr. Evertt W. Huffard
Summer Seminar in Missions (ACU)
May 17-27, 2004
5. Muslims and the Middle East: Contemporary Islam
Anderson, Norman, Islam in the Modern World: A Christian Perspective. Leicester:
Apollos, 1990.
Chapman, Colin, Whose Promised Land? Tring, England: Lion Publishing, 1983.
Cragg, Kenneth, The Arab Christian: A History of the Middle East, Louisville, Ky:
Westminster/John Knox Press, 1991.
Esposito, John, Islamic Threat: Myth or Reality. Oxford Press, 1999.
Hamada, Louis Bahjat, Understanding the Arab World, Nashville: Thomas Nelson,
1990.
Lincoln, C. E., Black Muslims in America, Boston: Beacon, 1973.
Lincoln, C.E., and L. H. Mamiya, The Black Church in the African American
Experience, Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1990.
Marsh, Clifton E., From Black Muslims to Muslims: The Transition From Separatism to
Islam, 1930-1980. London: Scarecrow Press, 1984.
Musk, Bill, Passionate Believing: The 'Fundamentalist' Face of Islam. Turnbridge
Wells, England: Monarch, 1992.
Nydell, Margaret K., Understanding the Arabs: A Guide for Westerners. Yarmouth,
Maine: Intercultural Press, 1987.
Patai, Raphael, The Arab Mind. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1983.
Savory, R. M., ed., Introduction to Islamic Civilization. New York: Cambridge
Univestiy Press, 1976.
Schantz, Borge, "Islam in Europe: Threat or Challenge to Christianity?" Missiology,
1993, 21(4):443-454.
Sivan, Emmanuel, Radical Islam: Medieval Theology and Modern Politics. New
Haven: Yale University Press, 1987.
Stoddard, P. H., et. al., Change and the Muslim World. Syracuse: Syracuse
Universtiy Press, 1981.
Weekes, Richard V., ed., Muslim Peoples: A World Ethnographic Survey. Westport,
Connecticut: Greenwood Press, 1978.
Yousseff, Michael, Revolt Against Modernity: Muslim Zealots and the West. Leiden:
E. J. Brill, 1987.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Political Independence and the Muslim Nations
Modernization and Islam
Islamic Fundamentalism
Islam in the African-American Community
6. Muslim-Christian Encounter
'Ata ur-Rahim, Muhammad, Jesus, Prophet of Islam, Singapore: Omar Brothers, 1978.
Baker, William W., Theft of a Nation, Las Vegas, NV: Defender's Pub., 1984.
Chapman, Colin, The Cross and Crescent: Responding to the Challenge of Islam.
Leicaster, England: InterVarsity Press, 1995.
________, "Going Soft on Islam? Reflections on Some Evangelical Responses to
Islam." Vox Evangelica 19, (1989): 7-31.
5
The Gospel and Islam
Dr. Evertt W. Huffard
Summer Seminar in Missions (ACU)
May 17-27, 2004
Cragg, Kenneth, Jesus and the Muslim: An Exploration. London: George Allen and
Unwin, 1985.
, Muhammad and the Christian: A Question of Response, Maryknoll,
NY: Orbis, 1984.
, Christ and the Faiths, Philadelphia: Westminster, 1986. [cf.
Chapter 2, "God and Islam," pp. 29-96]
Deedat, Ahmed, The Choice: The Qur'an or the Bible. Selaugor: Singapore, n.d..
Fry, C. George and James R. King, Islam: A Survey of the Muslim Faith. Grand Rapids:
Baker, 1980.
Gilchrist, John. Origins and Sources of the Gospel of Barnabas. Benoni, RSA: Jesus to
the Muslims, 1979.
Haines, Bryon L. and Frank L. Cooley, eds., Christians and Muslims Together: An
Exploration by Presbyterians. Philadelphia: Geneva Press, 1987.
Halsell, Grace, Prophesy and Politics: Militant Evangelists on the Road to Nuclear
War, Westpoint, CT: Lawrence Hill & Co., 1986.
Hutto, Hiram O., The Hutto--El Dareer Debate, Athens, Alabama, 1978.
Kateregga, Badru D. and David W. Shenk, Islam and Christianity. Nairobi, Kenya:
Uzima Press, 1980.
McClintock, Wayne, "A Sociological Profile of the Christian Minority in Pakistan,"
Missiology, 1992, 20(3):343-353.
McDowell, Josh and John Gilchrist, The Islam Debate. San Bernardino, Ca.: Here's
Life Publishing Co, 1983.
Nazir-Ali, Michael, Frontiers in Muslim-Christian Encounter. Oxford: Regnum
Books, 1987.
Padwick, C. E., Henry Martyn: Confessor of the Faith, London: Inter-Varsity
Fellowship, 1953.
, Temple Gairdner of Cairo, London: SPCK, 1929.
Peers, E. Allison, Ramon Lull: A Bibiography, New York: Burt Franklin, 1969.
Register, Ray, Dialogue and Interfaith Witness With Muslims. Kingsport, TN.:
Moody Books, 1979.
Tucker, Ruth A., From Jerusalem to Irian Jaya. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1983.
Vander Werff, Lyle L., Christian Mission to Muslims: The Record. Pasadena:
William Carey Library, 1977.
Woodberry, J. Dudley. "Faith and Iman: The Human Response," in My Neighbor is
Muslim: A Handbook for Reformed Churches. John Knox Series. Geneva: John
Knox International Reformed Center, 1990, pp. 69-79.
________, "The Muslim Understanding of Jesus," Word and World, 16 (1996):173-178.
Yoder, Jason J., "The Trinity and Christian Witness to Muslims," Missiology, 1994,
22(3):339-346.
Zwemer, Samuel, The Moslem Christ. New York: American Tract Society, 1912.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Historical perspectives on the Muslim-Christian encounter
Pitfalls in comparative studies
Responding to Muslim views of Christians
Overcoming western view of Islam and Muslims
Key doctrinal issues
7. Contextualization-Evangelism
6
The Gospel and Islam
Dr. Evertt W. Huffard
Summer Seminar in Missions (ACU)
May 17-27, 2004
Abdul-Haqq, Abdiyah Akbar, Sharing Your Faith With a Muslim. Minneapolis,
Minnesota: Bethany Fellowship, 1980.
Addison, James T., The Christian Approach to the Moslem: A Historical Study. New
York: Columbia University Press, 1942; reprint AMS Press, 1966.
Accad, Fuad E., Theological Principles in the Torah, The Zabur, The Injil and the
Qur'an., Colorado Springs: Navigators, 1980.
Carmody, D. L. and J. Carmody, Religion: The Great Question. New York: Seabury
Press, 1983.
Cockerill, Gareth L., "To the Hebrews/To the Muslims: Islamic Pilgrimage as a Key
to Interpretation," Missiology, 1994, 22(3):347-359.
Cooper, Anne, ed., Ishmael, My Brother: A Biblical Course on Islam. Kent, England:
MARC Europe, 1986.
Dretke, James P., A Christian Approach to Muslims: Reflections From West Africa.
Pasadena: William Carey Library, 1979.
Gilchrist, John, The Christian Witness to the Muslim. Benoni, RSA: Jesus to the
Muslims, 1988.
Goldsmith, Martin, Islam and Christian Witness: Sharing Your Faith With Muslims.
Downers Grove, Il.: InterVarsity Press, 1982.
Hesselgrave, David and Edward Rommen, Contextualization: Meanings, Methods,
and Models, Grand Rapids, MI: Baker, 1989. [cf. Chapter 19,
"Contextualization for Muslims: A Debate," pp. 238-245]
Huffard, Evertt L., Christ or the Qur'an. Henderson, TN: Hester Publications, 2001.
Huffard, Evertt W., "Biblical Word Study: Kabod, 'Honor'," The Exegete, 1983,
3(2):1-4.
, Thematic Dissonance in the Muslim-Christian Encounter: A
Contextualized Theology of Honor. PhD Dissertation, Fuller Theological
Seminary, 1985.
________, "Culturally Relevant Themes About Christ," in Muslims and Christians on
the Emmaus Road, J. Dudley Woodberry, ed., Monrovia, CA: MARC/World
Vision, 1989, pp. 161-174.
Jones, Bevan, Christianity Explained to Muslims: A Manual for Christian Workers.
Calcutta: YMCA Publishing House, 1938.
Lausanne Committee and ISIC, Ministry in Islamic Contexts, Monrovia, CA:
Lausanne Committee for World Evangelization/International Institute for the
Study of Islam and Christianity, 1996.
Lenning, Larry G., Blessing in Mosque and Mission. Pasadena: William Carey
Library, 1980.
Livingstone, Greg, Planting Churches in Muslim Cities: A Team Approach, Grand
Rapids: Baker, 1993.
Malek, Sobhi, Islam: Challenge and Mandate. Unpublished update to Islam:
Introduction and Approach, France, 2000.
Malina, Bruce, The New Testament World: Insights From Cultural Anthropology,
Atlanta: John Knox Press, 1981.
Matheny, Tim, Reaching the Arabs: A Felt Need Approach. Pasadena: William
Carey Library, 1981.
McCurry, Don, ed., The Gospel and Islam: A Compendium. Monrovia, CA:
MARC/World Vision, 1979.
Nehls, Gerhard, Christians Answer Muslims. Bellville, South Africa: Evangelical
Mission Press, 1980.
Nehls, Gerhard, Christians Ask Muslims. Bellville, South Africa: Evangelical
Mission Press, 1987.
Nicholls, Bruce, ed., et.al., "Christian Mission and Islamic Da'wah," Evangelical
Review of Theology 20, no.2 (1996): 97-192.
7
The Gospel and Islam
Dr. Evertt W. Huffard
Summer Seminar in Missions (ACU)
May 17-27, 2004
Parshall, Phil, Beyond the Mosque: Christians Within Muslim Community. Grand
Rapids: Baker, 1985.
________, New Paths in Muslim Evangelism: Evangelical Approaches to
Contextualization. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1980.
Saal, William, Reaching Muslims for Christ. Chicago: Moody Press, 1993.
Tisdall, W. St. Clair, Christian Reply to Muslim Objections. London: Society for
Propogating Christian Knowledge, 1904.
Schlorff, Samuel, "Muslim Ideology and Christian Apologetics," Missiology, 1993,
21(2): 173-185.
Shenk, Calvin, "The Demise of the Church in North Africa and Nubia and Its
Survival in Egypt and Ethiopia: A Question of Contextualization? Missiology,
1993, 21(2):131-154.
Teeter, David, "Dynamic Equivalent Conversion for Tentative Muslim Believers,"
Missiology, 1990, 18(3): 305-313.
Vander Werff, Lyle L., Christian Mission to the Muslims: The Record. Pasadena, CA:
William Cary Library, 1977.
Woodberry, Dudley, "Contextualization Among Muslims: Reusing Common Pillars,"
in The Word Among Us: Contextualizing Theology for Mission Today, Dean
Gilliland, ed., Dallas, TX: Word, 1989.
________, Dimensions of Witness Among Muslims. Seoul: Chongshin University, 1997.
________, "Missiological Issues in the Encounter With Emerging Islam," Missiology
28 (2000):19-34.
________, ed., Muslims and Christians on the Emmaus Road. Monrovia, CA:
MARC/World Vision, 1989.
1. Thematic Dissonance in the Muslim-Christian Encounter
2. A theology of honor
3. Biblical starting points
8