CLASS COPY
The Periodic Table Review Sheet
Directions: Answer all the questions into your notebook to get ready for the test on the Periodic Table (Chapter 4). Make
sure you know how to determine the number of protons, neutrons, electrons, atomic mass, atomic number, element
symbol and name for the elements on the periodic table. Do not write on this sheet please. Reduce, reuse, recycle –
Especially Carbon(C) based materials.
Periodic Table
1. Elements in the periodic table are arranged by their unique _______ with elements in the same families tending to
have the same ______ as one another and the same number of ______ electrons. PROPERTIES, CHARACTERISTICS,
VALENCE ELECTRONS
2. List three characteristics of metals. MALLEABLE, DUCTILE (CAN MAKE A WIRE), CONDUCT HEAT, CONDUCT
ELECTRICITY, MOST REACT WITH ACIDS, HIGH MELTING POINTS
3. List three characteristics of nonmetals. DON’T CONDUCT HEAT/ELECTRICITY, INSULATORS, BRITTLE, DULL
4. What family are the most reactive nonmetals located? What family are the most reactive metals located?
HALOGENS (GROUP 17), ALKALI (GROUP 1)
5. Most (75-80%) of the elements in the periodic table are (metals or nonmetals). METALS
6. Where are the metals in the periodic table? Where are the nonmetals located? MIDDLE AND LEFT, UPPER RIGHT
7. What are the elements called that act both as metals and nonmetals and where are they located? SEMIMETALS OR
METALLOIDS AND ARE LOCATED ALONG THE STAIR STEP BETWEEN THE METALS AND NONMETALS
8. Rows are called ____________ and the vertical columns are called __________ or ___________. PERIODS,
FAMILIES or GROUPS
9. The atomic number tells you the number of ___________ in the nucleus (and the number of ________ moving
around the nucleus). PROTONS, ELECTRONS
10. If you take the atomic mass and subtract the atomic number it will give you the number of _________ in the
nucleus. NEUTRONS
11. What two subatomic particles are in the nucleus and which one subatomic particle is far outside the nucleus?
What are the charges of each of these subatomic particles? PROTONS (POSITIVE), NEUTRONS (NEUTRAL),
ELECTRONS (NEGATIVE AND ON THE OUTSIDE)
12. Why are the noble gases noble? In other words, why are the noble gases so stable and do not usually react with
any other elements? (hint: 8 is great) HAVE A FULL VALENCE ELECTRON SHELL (8 or 2 IN THE CASE OF HELIUM)
13. What does “8 is great” mean? 8 VALENCE ELECTRONS – STABLE ATOM BECAUSE OUTTER SHELL IS FILLED
14. As you go from left to right on the periodic table the metals tend to become (more/less) reactive? (Hint: What
family has the most reactive metals?) LESS
CLASS COPY
15. The chemical symbols of all elements have the first letter that is a _____________ letter and the second letter (if it
has a second letter) that is always _____________. CAPITAL, lower-case
16. Atoms in the periodic table are not arranged by size, but by the number of ________ in their nucleus (hint: The
atomic number). PROTONS
17. What is the difference between Carbon 12 and Carbon 14 in terms of neutrons? How many neutrons does Carbon
12 have and how many does Carbon 14 have (Carbon has 6 protons)? Carbon 12 and Carbon 14 are ________ of
Carbon since they have different numbers of neutrons. CARBON 14 HAS 8 NEUTRONS AND CARBON 12 HAS 6,
ISOTOPES
18. A majority of jewelry is made up of what type or group of atoms (elements)? Why? METALS THEY ARE
MALLUABLE (CAN BE BENT INTO SHAPE), HAVE LUSTER (SHINE), AND HOLD VALUE
19. What one particle (protons, neutron, electron) determine one element from another?
(hint: it is equal to the atomic number of the element) PROTONS
20. Two atoms are walking down the street and one looses an electron. This atom is now an _____ and has a _______
(positive, negative, neutral) charge. ION POSITIVE CHARGE SINCE IT LOST AN ELECTRON
21. If you look at Oxygen which has 8 protons, you know it also must have how many electrons so that the overall
charge is neutral? 8
22. What are the most important electrons called; the ones that are involved in bonding and determine if an atom is
reactive or not? Are they closest to the nucleus or furthest away? Why? VALENCE ELECTRONS FURTHEST FROM
NUCLUES. THIS ALLOWS THEM TO BOND WITH OTHER ELEMENTS THAT ARE MISSING ELECTRONS IN THE
VALENCE SHELL
23. 8 is GREAT. What does this refer to in terms of atoms and valence electrons? 8 VALENCE ELECTRONS ARE
NEEDED/DESIRED FOR AN ATOM TO BE STABLE (EX: THE NOBLE GASES)
24. What does the narrator in the Elements video mean when he says the following of Iron (Fe): “I am malleable; I bend
to your will.” METALS LIKE IRON ARE MALLEABLE WHICH MEANS THEY CAN BE HAMMERED OR BENT INTO SHAPE
25. Give an example of something that is ductile. What elements are ductile? METAL “WIRE” – METALS (LIKE COPPER)
CAN BE DRAWN OUT THIN TO PRODUCE WIRE THAT CAN CONDUCT ELECTRICAL CURRENT
26. How many periods (rows) are there in the p table? Are periods vertical or horizontally across? 7 HORIZONTALLY
27. What family of metals react violently (explode) when placed in water? Name 1 element from the family. ALKALI
METALS – SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CESIUM, OR FRANCIUM.
28. Why are the halogens so reactive? Which halogen is the most reactive? Are the halogens more reactive than the
alkali metals? What one thing do the halogens want to gain more than anything else? THEY ARE MISSING 1
VALENCE ELECTRON AND THEY WANT 1 MORE ELECTRON REALLY BAD TO HAVE A FULL VALENCE SHELL. THEY
ARE MORE REACTIVE THAN THE ALKALI METALS. AN ELECTRON.
29. Which takes less energy, gaining 1 electron or losing 7 electrons? GAINING 1 ELECTRON
30. The zigzag line on the periodic table separates the ______ from the ______. Which are located on the left and
which are located on the right side of the zigzag line? METALS (LEFT SIDE AND MIDDLE) NON METALS (RIGHT SIDE)
CLASS COPY
Complete the following table without using a periodic table (all elements are neutrally charged):
Element
Lithium
Aluminum
Sulfur
Chlorine
Atomic #
3
13
16
17
Atomic Mass
6.94
27
32.07
35
Protons
3
13
16
17
Neutrons
4
14
16
18
Electrons
3
13
16
17
Label the following for Oxygen: (atomic mass, atomic number, chemical symbol, element name)
ATOMIC NUMBER
ELEMENT SYMBOL
ELEMENT NAME
ATOMIC MASS
Finally, draw: a Bohr Model of Oxygen, a Bohr Model of Oxygen 18, and for an Oxygen atom that has +2 charge.
OXYGEN 16
8P
8N
16 – 8 = 8 NEUTRONS
OXYGEN 18 (ISOTOPE)
8P
10N
18 – 8 = 10 NEUTRONS
OXYGEN ION (+2 CHARGE)
8P
8N
2 ELECTRONS ARE REMOVED