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Speech Outline
Bone Marrow Transplant
By: Sherry Khan
Submitted to: Dr. Jaballa M. Hasan
Specific Goal: I would like to inform the audience about how bone marrow transplants
are done.
Introduction:
I. What is Bone marrow?
a. Bone marrow is a spongy tissue found inside bones.
b. The bone marrow in the breastbone, skull, hips, ribs and spine contains stem
cells that produce the body's blood cells.
c. It’s a factory where your body’s blood cells are made.
Thesis
For most patients that require a bone marrow transplant is important or else the
alternative is near-certain death. In 1991 more than 7500 patients underwent a BMT.
BMT saves 1000s of life each year; yet 70 percent of those needing a Bone marrow
transplant still remain due to not finding a match.
Body
1. Bone marrow transplant
a. Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is a relatively new medical procedure
being used to treat diseases once thought incurable.
b. Successful use in 1968
c. Treat patients diagnosed with leukemia, aplastic anemia, lymphomas such as
Hodgkin's disease, multiple myeloma, immune deficiency disorders and some
solid tumors such as breast and ovarian cancer.
2. Donor
a. Genetic markers on the surface of white blood cells called HLA-antigens
define a person's tissue type.
b. 30-35 percent chance that a patient's sibling will be a suitable donor
c. Rear hip bone -needle
d. Goes through the surgical process to get the marrow out about 2%
3. How they are infused
a. Through IV, the cells travel through your bloodstream.
4. Preparing the body
a. Pre tests- heart, lungs, kidneys, vital organ functions.
b. Central line
i.
Surgically tube in your chest connected to a large view .
ii.
Injected medicines, blood transfusions, iv fluids, changes the
dressing.
5. Chemotherapy and radiation
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a. Destroys bone marrow and cancerous cells and makes room for the new bone
marrow. Large amount given.
b. Powerful x-rays, technician marks body, sensitive parts are covered with lead
pads.10 to 15 mins twice a day, several days.
c. Side effects
i.
Hair loss- eyebrows all hair cells destroy.
ii.
Fatigue
iii.
Changes in body appearance, face, stomach, legs, mouth swells
iv.
Nausea/vomiting diarrhea, inability to eat
v.
Emotionally and physically stress
6.Recieving the bone marrow
a. Bone marrow is infused into the patient intravenously in much the same way
that any blood product is given. The transplant is not a surgical procedure.
b. Frequently for signs of fever, chills, hives and chest pains while the bone
marrow is being infused.
c. 14 to 30 days marrow to engraft.
d. Within 3 months some complications such as
i.
Infections –white cells are less avoid food
ii.
Graft versus host disease- donated cells attack your body cells b/c
they are different. Donor cells attack skin, liver, intestines.Stage 1
(mild): a skin rash over less than 25% of the body. Stage 2
(moderate): a skin rash over a more than 25% of the body
accompanied by mild liver or stomach and intestinal disorders.
Stage 3 (severe): redness of the skin, similar to a severe sunburn,
and moderate liver, stomach and intestinal problems. Stage 4 (lifethreatening): blistering, peeling skin, and severe liver, stomach,
and intestinal problems.
7. Leaving the hospital
a. Regular visits every week for the first 6 months.
b. Receiving antibiotics
c. Immunizations
8. Long term effect
a. Inability to fight infections- takes up to 3 to 2 years for your immune system
to recover fully.
b. Growth problems- changes in your hormone levels
c. Dental problems- due to radiation tooth decay or gum disease.
d. Eye sight vision changes- cloudy spots on the eyes blur vision
e. Infertility-destroy the reproductive cells. Radiation causes similar problems,
and can damage the uterine lining or fallopian tubes as well.
f. Relapse- return of your original disease
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Conclusion
Bone marrow transplants are surely worth it. Despite the fact that the transplant can be a
trying experience, most find that the pleasure that comes from being alive and healthy
after the transplant is well worth the effort. Life is short; so you have to live it fully and
do what you feel- don’t let anyone stop you. It’s always a good thing to keep an A+
attitude.
Work Citied
Bendell, Norm. Me and my marrow. Ed. Karen Crowe. Toronto: Fujisawa Healthcare,
Inc, 1999.
“Bone Marrow transplant”. Medical Encyclopedia. (World Wide Web site). Matsui,
Williams. MD: Verimed Health care, US:ADAMS Inc, 2006. Tuesday, Jan 24,
2008. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003009.htm
Columbia University Medical Center. Bone Marrow Transplant. (World Wide Web site).
Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, US: Bmt Newsletter. Tuesday, Jan
24, 2008. http://cpmcnet.columbia.edu/dept/medicine/bonemarrow/bmtinfo.html
Stewart, Susan. Bone Marrow and Blood Stem Cell Transplants: A Guide For Patients.
Illinois: BMT Newsletter Inc., 2002.
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