USES AND FORM
Conditional Sentences are formed by 2 clauses:
IF-clause or Condition
If it doesn’t rain,...
Main clause or Result
… I will go out
They are used to express that the action in the main clause can only take part if a certain condition is fulfilled.
IF
CONDITION
,
If it doesn’t rain, we will go out
RESULT
(we will go out with the condition that it doesn’t rain)
The order of the clauses can be altered.
RESULT
IF
CONDITION
We will go out if it doesn’t rain
The question structure can only be applied in the Main Clause.
What would you do if you found a gold necklace in the street? If you found a gold necklace in the street, what would you do?
TYPES OF CONDITIONALS
O CONDITIONAL
IF
PRESENT SIMPLE V
1
To describe what always happens 
1st CONDITIONAL
IF
,
PRESENT SIMPLE
If you heat ice, it melts
PRESENT SIMPLE
,
WILL + V 1
Future
If + V1 +
will + V1
To describe what may possibly happen  If you drop that glass, it will break
2nd CONDITIONAL
IF
PAST SIMPLE
,
WOULD + V 1
Present
If + V2 +
would + V1
To describe what is unlikely to happen  If I had a younger brother, I would teach him to play football
3rd CONDITIONAL
IF
PAST PERFECT
,
WOULD HAVE + V 3
Past
If + had + V3
+
would have + V3
To describe an impossible situation  If she had answered all the questions, she would have passed the exam
UNLESS (IF NOT) It is used in positive sentences although it has a negative meaning.
Unless we get some petrol, our car won’t work
If we don’t get some petrol, our car won’t work
Never use “WILL / WOULD / WOULD HAVE” in the If-clause. If you will study, you will pass the exam
Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense to form Conditional Sentences.
First Condition
1. If they want to see you, they ______________ (come) to the party.
2. If he ____________ (be) curious, he will ask what we are doing.
3. She will help us, if she _______________ (have) time.
4. If they _____________ (work) hard, they will succeed.
5. If I find the culprits, I ______________ (teach) them a lesson.
6. If she ________________ (recognize) us, she will wave.
7. They will treat you well, if you ____________ (be) honest with them.
8. If she _____________ (like) you, she will tell you.
9. Unless he is ready, we ______________ (not invite) him to come.
10. If they ____________ (see) me, they will want to speak to me.
Second Condition
1. If we were hitchhiking, ________ you ________ to pick us up? (stop)
2. If we waited for him, we ________ not ________ on time. (be)
3. ________ he ________ us know if we made a mistake? (let)
4. I ________ not _______ to have a party if you were not there. (want)
5. If you knew more about her, you ________________ your opinion. (change)
6. ________ you ________ pizza if you did not like it? (order)
7. ________ they not ________ to come if we asked them? (agree)
8. We ________ not _________ a car unless we were insured. (drive)
Third Condition
1. If he had arrived late, ________ we ______________ without him? (begin)
2. If they had felt thirsty, ________ they not _____________ the lemonade? (drink)
3. If we had been here, we _______ not ______________ the fireworks. (miss)
4. If his office had called, _______ he not _______________ to work? (return)
5. She _______ not _______________ early if she had not had a good reason. (leave)
6. If they had searched more carefully, they ______________ the watch sooner. (find)
7. If you had visited Rome, _______ you ____________ to the opera? (go)
8. She ___________________ down if she had been tired. (lie)
Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense to form Conditional Sentences.
1.
You __________________________(not be) angry if you had known the reason.
2.
We’ll send for the doctor if he __________________________(feel) worse.
3.
Unless they turn the radio off I __________________________(go) somewhere else.
4.
Unless it __________________________(be) a nice day we won’t go out.
5.
The grass would look better if you __________________________(take care) of it.
6.
If you leave the gate open people __________________________(get in).
7.
If you had asked her permission she __________________________(not let) you go.
8.
If we leave before the breakfast we __________________________(catch) the train.
9.
If Tom __________________________(ring), tell him I will phone him.
10.
If I __________________________(know) that you didn’t like fish, I wouldn’t have bought it.
1. He __________ if he __________. (not work, not have to)
2. I ___________ you the money if I ___________ it. (lend, have)
3. If I _________________ the exam was today, I ___________________ last night. (know, not go out)
4. If he _________ so mean, people _________ him more. (be, like)
5. It ________ better, if you _______ until Friday. (be, wait)
6. If he _____________ so much, he __________ so much income tax. (not earn, not pay)
7. If I ________ more about money, I _______ in the stock market. (know, invest)
8. You _________________ a great time if you __________ with us last Sunday. (have, come)
9. If I _________ choose a job, I ____________ as a doctor. (can, work)
10. If I __________ a fortune, I __________ a big house. (inherit, buy)
11. If I ________ you a secret, _____ you ________ not to tell anyone? (tell, promise)
12. You _____________ late if you __________ earlier. (be, leave) (about the past)
13. If I ____________ at home now, I _____________ to sleep on the sofa. (be, go)
14. If she really __________ him, she ___________ all his money. (love, not waste)
15. I _____________ you yesterday if I ____________ your number. (phone, have)
16. My boss ________ furious if he __________ that I’ve applied for a new job. (be, find out)
17. She ____________ English if she _________ more free time. (learn, have)
18. We ____________ a bigger house if we __________ afford it. (buy, can)
19. If I ___________ more time, I ________________ something special on your last party. (have, cook)
20. You ____________ buy a car next year if you ____________ a bit of money each week. (be able to,
save)
21. If it _____________ so windy, they _______________ tennis last weekend. (be, play)
22. I __________ it unless he _________ me a good reason. (not accept, give)
23. If you ___________________ me, I ___________________. (remind, forget) (about the past)
24. Unless you __________ him, he _______ you a reference. (tell, not give)
25. If she ________ better qualifications, she __________ for that job. (have, apply)
26. She __________________ the job if she ___________________ the boss’s daughter. (not get, not
know) (about the past)
27. You _____ only ______ things worse if you _______ and _______ him. (make, go and see)
28. If I __________ my own boss, I __________ work longer hours. (be, have to)
Complete the following sentences logically and grammatically
IF…
1.
If I were a bird, __________________________________________________
2.
If I had magic powers, ____________________________________________
3.
If I could speak perfect Chinese, ____________________________________
4.
If my parents hadn’t met, __________________________________________
5.
If I had been born a thousand years ago, ______________________________
6.
If I had met Yitzhak Rabin, ________________________________________
7.
If I win the lottery next week, ______________________________________
8.
If I pass my driving test next month, _________________________________
9.
If I get an A in English at the end of the year, __________________________
10.
If Aliens landed on earth, __________________________________________
11.
If I could change sex for a day, _____________________________________
12.
If I hadn’t overslept yesterday, ______________________________________
13.
If I hadn’t missed the last bus home last night, _________________________