Chapter 8 Vocabulary
1. normal fault
The block of rock above the fault plane slides down relative to the other block. Stress
that pulls rock apart.
2. reverse fault
Block of rock above the fault plane moves up relative to the other block. Stress that
presses rock together.
3. strike-slip fault
Blocks of rock move sideways on either side of the fault plane. Stresses that push
blocks of rock horizontally.
4. folded mountain
A mountain that forms as continental crust is compressed and rocks bend into large
folds.
5. fault-block mountain
A mountain that forms as blocks of rock move up or down along normal faults in areas
where the lithosphere is being pulled apart
6. volcano
An opening in the crust through which molten rock, rock fragments, and hot gases
erupts; a mountain built up from erupted materials.
7. lava
Molten rock that reaches a planet’s surface through a volcano.
8. pyroclastic flow
A dense cloud of superheated gases and rock fragments that moves quickly downhill
from an erupting volcano.
9. cinders
rock fragments from volcanic eruption that contain holes and tunnels left by escaping
gas.
10. acid rain
Rain that has become more acidic than normal due to pollution or from volcano
eruption
11. geyser:
A type of hot spring that shoots water into the air.