Earthquake & Volcano Review
Chapter 4 & 5
Mrs. Urban
Question
1. Name the 3 types of stress related to
Earth’s crust.
2. Does stress add or remove energy
to rock?
3. What is the definition of stress
related to Earth’s crust?
4. What type of stress causes rock to
become thinner in the middle?
5. What type of stress pushes a mass
of rock sideways in two opposite
directions?
6. What is the definition of a “fault”?
7. Where do most faults occur?
8. How do the rocks move in a strikeslip fault?
9. Tension causes what type of faults
like the Rio Grande Rift Valley?
10. Reverse faults normally occur at
what type of plate boundary?
11. The San Andreas fault is what type
of fault?
12. What type of plate boundary does
the San Andreas fault occur?
13. An upward fold in rock is called
what?
14. What is the definition of “plateau”?
15. What type of stress causes the
Earth’s crust to fold?
16. What is the downward fold in rock
called?
17. What layer of Earth do most
earthquakes occur?
18. What makes up the lithosphere?
19. What is the point beneath the
surface where rock breaks and an
earthquake starts?
Answer
20. In what direction do seismic waves
carry the energy of an earthquake?
21. What type of earthquake wave can
travel through both liquids and
solids?
22. P waves are also known as what?
23. Which type of seismic wave
vibrates side to side and up and
down only through solids?
24. Which type of seismic wave
produces the most severe ground
movements?
25. What is a seismograph?
26. What two types of plate boundaries
do volcanoes occur?
27. Before lava reaches the surface, the
molten material is called what?
28. Where do volcano belts form?
29. What is the Ring of Fire?
30. How did the Hawaiian Islands
form?
31. What is an island arc?
32. What type of plate boundary do
island arcs form along?
33. What is the definition of “hot
spot”?
34. Describe the parts on the inside of a
volcano.
35. What is the difference between a
dormant and extinct volcano?