Name: ___________________________
Mods: _______________
Unit Thirteen:
Solution Chemistry
Chemistry: Dr. Wilhelm & Ms. Greendyk
Definition of Solution
A __________ is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances in a __________________.
Requirements:
1.
2.
3.
Identify (circle) the solutions from the choices shown below.
Be sure that they match the three requirements previously described.
Gatorade
Chocolate Milk
Ice Cream
Peanut Butter
Nail Polish
Distilled water
Vinegar
HCl (aq)
Jello
Shaving Cream
Apple juice
Salad dressing
Salt water
ocean water
pond water
drinking water
H2O(l)
CuSO4(aq)
Soda
NaCl(s)
How many solutions did you find? ______________
Make a list of features that these items have in common:
1.
2.
3.
Parts of a Solution:
A solution is made up of two parts, the __________ and the ____________.
Solute =
Solvent =
Which is present in the greater amount, the solute or solvent? _________________
Concentration of a solution:
Non-quantitative description of solution concentration:
1. Concentrated =
2. Dilute =
Quantitative description of solution concentration:
3. Molarity (M) =
Summary solution concentration: word bank: concentrated, molarity, dilute
a.
___________________ solutions have a high solute: solvent ratio.
b. ____________________ solutions have a low solute: solvent ration
c. ____________________ gives a quantitative measurement of solution concentration.
Solubility and solutions: “likes dissolve likes”
Solubility =
Unsaturated solution =
Saturated solution =
Supersaturated solution =
Solubility Curve- shows the direct relationship between solubility and temperature;
1.
Identify the substance that has the greatest solubility at 40°C? ____________________
2. Which substance exhibits the greatest increase in solubility with increasing temperature?
___________________________
3. A solution of ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) contains 50g of solute in 100g H2O. Is the
solution saturate, unsaturated or supersaturated? __________________________
4. How much potassium chloride (KCl) can be dissolved in 100g H2O at 80°C? ___________
5. Identify the substances that show a decrease in solubility with an increase in temperature.
______________________ and ____________________
6. Identify the temperature that KNO3 and NH4Cl have the same solubility. ______________
Solutions and Colligative Properties
_____________________ are ________________ of solutions that depend upon the
ratio of the number of solute particles to the number of solvent molecules in a solution.
Properties that are affected include:
Freezing point
Boiling point
Vapor pressure
The freezing point of a solvent is ____________ when a solute is added to a solvent.
The boiling point of a solvent is _____________ when a solute is added to a solvent.
The vapor pressure of a solvent is ______________ when a solute is added to a solvent.
Colligative properties shows us that the presence of a solute will alter the properties of the solvent.
Applications of colligative properties:
coll
Application
Salting the sidewalk
on an icy day.
Adding salt to a pot
of water.
Colligative Property
The chemistry…