Lecture 20
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Dijointed Incrementalism
◦ No coherent plan
▪ Policy makers dont act rationally
Federal should consult states to see how to implement
Bill changes by policy making process.
◦ Changes the contents and effects of the bill
Indefinite changes to bills
◦ as situations change in society.
◦ Goals can change
Policy is to React to problems
AMT
◦ Alternative Minimum Tax.
▪ Separate from normal tax calculation for wealthy people
▪ Didn't modify the income level, so more middle class are affected
▪ Congress passes a fix to increase the amount each year.
▪ Fundamental problem not addressed
Factors
◦ 1. problem must exist
◦ 2. A definition of a problem
◦ 3. Organize support for remedy.
▪ aggregate interests
◦ 4. Get congress on side.
◦ 5. Formulate official policy
▪ usually a bill
◦ 6. Pass and adopt policy
What is the long term impact of legislation
NEW TOPIC :CIVIL RIGHTS
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CIVIL RIGHTS
◦ High profile from founding.
Slavery
◦ Slavery in constitution to get south on board
◦ Compromise setting the discussion in the future
◦ Ending slavery didnt solve the problem since there are education etc issues
◦ Jim Crowe: South government institutionalized racism,
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NAACP founded 1911
◦ Black community tried to fix the problems
◦ Politically not posibly in 1911,
◦ Incrementalism strategy.
▪ win in courts, small battles
◦ Operated via courts.
◦ Congress was worried about alienating south
▪ Republicans didn't want to
▪ Democratic party wasn't interested at all since southern base
◦ Tried to build alliances with liberal or religious groups
◦ Hard because of Plessy vs Ferguenson
▪ Racial separation was acceptable. 8 to 1 in 1896.
◦ FDR got northern blacks to vote democratic.
▪ used to be that blacks voted republican
◦ 1948 civil rights in democratic platform
▪ Led to substantial walk out lead by Strom Thurman
◦ Brown V Board
▪ Major case. Far reaching
▪ overturned plessy v fergueson
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▪ Increased the push for equality over next 50 years
Congress for first time passed a civil rights bill in 1957(?)
MLK
▪ Good speaker
De Jure Segregation
▪ tried to challenge the legality. had limited impact but energized southern
blacks to get involved.
▪ More push for black Voting
Defacto segregation in north