Homework
Layers of sediment
G4
HELP
1 Rocks on a mountain can be changed back into sedimentary rock. Four
processes are needed for this to happen.
transport
sedimentation
weathering
burial
These processes must take place in the right order.
a Write down the four processes in the correct order.
b Copy and complete the following sentence:
The sedimentary rocks will form in layers because …
2 This diagram shows layers of sedimentary rock in a cliff.
A
50–100 million years
B
C
100–200 million years
200–300 million years
more than 300 million years
a i
D
E
Which layer is the oldest?
ii Apart from the label, how do you know this?
b Which layer is being eroded?
c Which layer is most likely to contain humus?
d Triceratops was a dinosaur. It lived about 190 million years ago. In
which layer might you find fossils of a triceratops?
e The woolly mammoth first appeared about 70 million years ago. In
which layer might you find fossilized mammoth bones?
f
What must have happened to sea level since layer B was
deposited?
g Why are fossils helpful to geologists?
© Harcourt Education Ltd 2004 Catalyst 2
This worksheet may have been altered from the original on the CD-ROM.
Sheet 1 of 4
Homework
Layers of sediment (continued)
G4
CORE
3 Look at these diagrams of five fossil animals and the data table.
A
B
C
D
E
Fossil
Time when alive on Earth
Probable diet
(millions of years ago)
A
140–190
Carnivore
B
140–190
Carnivore
C
280–570
Herbivore
D
0.1–2
Herbivore
E
Present day–7
© Harcourt Education Ltd 2004 Catalyst 2
This worksheet may have been altered from the original on the CD-ROM.
Omnivore
Sheet 2 of 4
Homework
Layers of sediment (continued)
G4
a Which creature became extinct first?
b i
Did animal E hunt animal A for food?
ii Give a reason for your answer.
c i
Which two types of animals could have actually seen each
other?
ii Just by looking at their fossils, suggest a reason why they
did not actually meet.
d In a cliff containing layers of sedimentary rocks
i
which fossil is most likely to be found in the lowest layer?
ii which fossils are most likely to be found in the same layer?
(Hint: there are two pairs to look for.)
e i
Which two animals are likely to be part of the same
predator and prey food chain?
ii Give reasons for your choice.
EXTENSION
4 The table is about rocks and fossils from a time called the Paleozoic
age.
Where
found
Era
Rock
types
When formed
(million years
ago)
Zone fossils
Aberystwyth
Cambrian
Shale
500–570
Paradoxider
Moffat
Ordovician
Sandstone 435–500
Trinucleus and
leptograptus
Wenlock
Silurian
Limestone
and shale
Deiphon and
monograptus
John
O’Groats
Devonian
Sandstone 345–395
Lingula
Castleton
Carboniferous
Limestone
Goniatite and
dibunophyllum
Tynemouth
Permian
Sandstone 225–280
© Harcourt Education Ltd 2004 Catalyst 2
This worksheet may have been altered from the original on the CD-ROM.
395–435
280–345
No fossils
Sheet 3 of 4
Layers of sediment (continued)
G4
Homework
The map shows areas of the mainland UK where these rocks and fossils
can be found.
a The fossil ‘lingula’ is found in area A.
i
In what era were the rocks formed?
ii When were they formed?
b The rocks in area E were formed in the era after those in area A.
i
In what era were these rocks formed?
ii Name two fossils found in these rocks.
c The town of Moffat is in southern Scotland.
i
What type of rocks are found near Moffat?
ii What fossils would you find in these rocks?
d No fossils are found in the rocks of area C. How old are these
rocks?
e i
In what types of rock can you find the fossil ‘monograptus’?
ii In which areas on the map might you find monograptus?
iii The rock in area D is not as old as the rock in area E. In which
area would you find ‘monograptus’?
© Harcourt Education Ltd 2004 Catalyst 2
This worksheet may have been altered from the original on the CD-ROM.
Sheet 4 of 4