Post
Column
1. Lintel is the horizontal steel member used to provide support for masonry over an
opening
2. Vault is the term for an inclined ceiling area
3. The arch is a significant historical architectural development
4. Clapboard is a tapered board used for siding that overlaps the board below it
5. Parapet is the term for a projection of wall that extends above the edge of a roof
6. Architectural styles categorized by significant features
7. Form is the element of design that is used to accent specific features
8. Value is the term that represents the darkening or lightening of a hue
9. Intensity is the term that refers to the brightness or strength of a specific color
10. Rhythm is the term for the design element that leads the eye through the design
11. Balance is the term for the relationship between areas of the structure and an
imaginary center line
12. Unity is the design element that ties a structure together with a common design
13. Dormer is the floor plan style that has an exterior that incorporates a steep roof
14. Single-level is the floor plan style that is among the most commonly built homes
15. Split-level is the floor plan style that is best suited to sloping sites
16. Two-story is the floor plan style that provides maximum building area at a lower
cost per square foot
17. Multi-level is the floor plan style that is dictated by topography and the owner’s
living habits
18. Europe has had the greatest influence on American architecture as a continent
19. The long, low roofline at the rear is the feature that is particular to the Saltbox.
20. The Saltbox style of house was named because of its resemblance to food stuff
boxes in Colonial American stores
21. Tapers to one-story is a particular feature to the Saltbox
22. The Victorian style is known for its ornate features
23. Victorian is the exterior style that features irregularly shaped floor plans and
ornate detailing
24. The Spanish style home is best known for its open courtyard patio
25. The Spanish style home is best known for its balconies with iron railings
26. A long, low one-story house that developed in the southwestern United States is
the Ranch
27. The Ranch style of architecture developed because of the abundance of land,
therefore eliminating the need for second stories. It is also the style of home that
one would most likely find in Arizona
28. Ranch is the exterior style that features a low-pitched roof with a large overhang
29. Georgian is the exterior style that contains an entry centered with equally spaced
windows on each side
30. Georgian is the exterior style that is usually covered with a columned porch and
doorway trimmed with carved wood detailing
31. Garrison is the exterior style that was modeled after the lookout structures of
early forts
32. The second story overhangs the first level in a Garrison
33. Cape Cod is the exterior style that makes use of dormers placed on the front side
of the roof
34. Federal is the exterior style that features a high, covered porch or portico with
Greek-style columns centered over the front door
35. Federal is the exterior style that often has a arched trim over the entry door
a. English is the exterior style that features an unsymmetrical layout
36. Southern Colonial is the exterior style that usually has a flat, covered porch
extending the length of the house
37. Dutch Colonial is the exterior style that features a gambrel roof
38. Dutch Colonial is the exterior style that has a very steep lower level roof
39. French Colonial is the exterior style that features a rectangular shape with a
smaller wing on one side
40. French Normandy is the exterior style that often has a circular turret near the
center of the home
41. Spanish Colonial is the exterior style that is usually one story and built of adobe
and plaster
42. Contemporary is the exterior style that is designed specifically to meet a wide
variety of needs and reflect the lifestyle of the owner
43. Contemporary is the exterior style that usually features a traditional exterior and
an untraditional floor plan
44. A popular Colonial style home with a steep roof (built to accommodate a ½ story)
and a central chimney is the Cape Cod
45. The Colonial style home with a gambrel roof is the Cape Ann
46. Italy had a greater influence on early American architecture compared to Canada,
Japan and Norway
47. The development of the arch is credited to the Romans
48. A series of arches that form a continuous covering is called a vault
49. Arches arranged so that their bases form a circle and their tops meet in the center
are called a dome
50. The country with the greatest influence on home design in the southwestern U.S.
has been Spain compared to India, France and England
51. Concerning how architectural styles develop, transitions in styles occur from
one part of a country and world to another
52. The Overhanging second story is the feature that sets a Garrison house apart
from other styles.
53. New materials and techniques that lead to unique expressions in architecture are
attributed to the Contemporary style
54. The Victorian style developed as a result of new machinery in the 18th century
that allowed for the mass production on intricate house decorations
55. The Cape Cod is an American style that developed in colonial New England
56. “Victorian” architecture is known for its “Gingerbread” appearance”
57. The term “Contemporary Architecture” refers to Modern Architecture
58. The Ranch style is LEAST likely to be considered a “traditional” architectural
style compared to Salt box, Garrison and Cape Cod
59. The Cape Cod and the Cape Ann are best known as Colonial Styles
Drawings needed to know
 Schematic sketches of all historical styles (Saltbox, Garrison, etc)
 Schematic sketches of all basic styles (gambrel, gable, etc)
TASKS TO BE COMPLETED:
1.
Photograph local houses or elements of local buildings
a. Use a digital camera or scan photos
b. Use PowerPoint or similar software to present information
2.
Put together a scrap book of pictures and/or illustrations that demonstrate
elements of selected styles
a. Illustrations may come from “housing magazines” or “plan books”
b. Identify the various features that give the house its “style”
3.
Make a portfolio of sketches of various architectural elements
a. Sketches may be isometric or perspective
b. Use local structures
c. Identify which “style” the element is associated with
4.
Write a research paper accompanied by supporting illustrations on:
a. The influence of Technology on Architecture
b. The influence of Climate on Architecture
c. The influence of Geography on architecture
5.
Write a research paper accompanied by supporting illustrations on the
development of particular historical styles