US History Industrial Revolution 19th and 20th Century
Students should know the following:
Part I
What is it? When does it take place? Where does it take place? Who is involved?
Industrial Revolution in the US begins in 1800’s
The IR is the process of transforming the American Economy from Agrarian to industrial
Industry- means to produce goods using mechanization/factories
Factories produce goods
Industrialization causes cities to grow
Industrialization causes immigration
Industrialization causes profits, poverty, power
Factories need a product, natural resources, workers, machines, people to buy goods…
Part II Effects of Industry
Industrialization brings positives effects:
Inventions are created-More products--produced faster-- produced cheaper
Jobs are created--- people have money to buy more goods-economy gets
better for everyone
Rich people get richer-- create more factories or businesses -- create more
jobs--economy gets better for everyone
Immigration-when jobs are available-------people move to the location of
jobs-industrialization causes immigration--
Factories are built where people live-------cities grow
Industrialization brings negative effects:
Industrialization causes--pollution-air, water
Industrialization causes---poverty- government doesn’t protect workers at
first- workers compete with other workers for low skill jobs- workers work
long hours- get low pay- unsafe working conditions
Poverty is so bad-children need to work
Massive wealth is created by factory owners- causes corruption- business
owners use money to influence government officials
Part III Effects of Industry on Labor Movement and Political development
(Progressives)
Unions develop because of negative aspects of industrialization
Reform movement of the Progressives develop because of negative aspects of
industrialization
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Week 1
Part I
What is it? When does it take place? Where does it take place? Who is involved?
Chapter 6
Week 2
Part II Effects of Industry
Part III Effects of Industry on Labor Movement and Political development
Chapter 7 Immigrants and Urbanization
Week 3
Part III continued
Chapter 9 The Progressive Era
Marx and Smith
Union role play,
Basic Questions:
What is industrialization?
Why is industrialization important to a country?
When does industrialization take place in America?
Where does industry develop in the United States?
What are the elements or main parts of industrialization?
What are the effects of industrialization?
Why do cities grow during industrialization?
How is immigration associated with industry?
What people are associated with America’s Industrial Revolution?
Why do the Progressives develop and what changes do they want in Government?
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Day One:
"One of the most important factors in the history of modern society is the
Industrial Revolution."
Standard:
11.2 Students analyze the relationship among the rise of industrialization, largescale rural-to-urban migration, and massive immigration from Southern and
Eastern Europe.
Chapter 3 section 4 The Market Revolution Pg 139-143
1. Cornell Notes for each of the following:
2. Make a list of changes in the way things are done (produced, bought, sold,
transported…)
3. What is meant by the term “Market Revolution?”
4. What were some of the Inventions and Improvements developed?
5. How does the “Market Revolution” transform the nation?
6. Why are goods made faster and more efficiently?
7. List 5 facts related to The Lowell Mills. (example of the Factory System)
8. Did the Girls at the Lowell Mills like their jobs?
9. How did workers Seek Better Conditions?
10. Were the workers successful? Why?
Pay attention to the key terms:
1. Market Revolution
2. Free Enterprise
3. Entrepreneurs
4. Samuel F.B. Morse
5. Morse Code
6. Erie Canal- What is it and why is
it important?
7. Alexander Graham Bell
8. Lowell Textile Mills
9. Strike
10. Immigration
11. National Trades Union
12. Commonwealth v. Hunt
13. Marconi Radio
14. Robert Fulton
15. Locomotives
16. Steam Engine
17. Rural to Urban Migration
18. Lowell Textile Mills
19. Strike
20. Immigration
21. National Trades Union
22. Commonwealth v. Hunt
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Chapter 5 Section 3 Farmers and the Populist Movement Pg 219-223
1. What were the problems facing farmers in the late 1800s?
a. Banks
b. Railroads
2. What kind of kind of action did farmers take in response to the Railroads?
3. Look at the Political Cartoon on Pg 220. What is the meaning of the cartoon?
4. Who were the Populists and what did they want?
Key Terms:
1. Grange
2. Farmers Alliance
3. Populism
Chapter 6 “A New Industrial Age” Pg 228-251
Chapter 6 Section 1 The Expansion of Industry Pg 230-235
Section1 Expansion of Industry:
Define the following terms:
Natural Resources
Oil
Thomas Edison
Bessemer Process
Alexander Graham Bell
Questions:
1. Name three Natural resources identify where they’re located and why they’re
important for the Industrial Revolution.
2. List some of the most important inventions in this period. Which invention had
the greatest impact on society?
3. If the US had been poor in natural resources, how would industrialization have
been affected?
4. Look at the timeline on page 232, why are so many inventions identified in the
late 1800’s?
“Industry Changes the Environment”
Read pages 234-35, what do we learn about the Industrial Revolution from these pages?
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Chapter 6 Section 2 The Age of Railroads: Pg 236-240
1. Read pages 237-239, Why do you think common people both hated and loved the
railroad companies?
2. Check the map on page 239 Read the map key. What do you notice about this map?
Use details from this section to support your thesis.
Terms to know
1. Granger Laws
2. Munn v Illinois
3. Interstate Commerce Act
4. Credit Moblier
5. George M. Pullman
Chapter 6 Section 3 Big Business and Labor: Pg 241-49
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Explain how Carnegie made his millions.
How is Darwinism related to business? Explain:
How did Rockefeller take control of so much oil?
Why does Carnegie say: “It is a mistake to shoot millionaires.” Do you agree?
Why doesn’t the South experience industrial boom?
Labor Unions:
1. Why were/are unions attractive to some workers?
2. What is the connection between socialism and the union movement?
3. Summarize the 1877 strike, the Haymarket Affair, the Homestead Strike, and the
Pullman Strike. What do they all have in common?
Key Terms to Know:
Andrew Carnegie
Samuel Gompers
Triangle Shirtwaist
Vertical Integration
American Federation of Labor (AFL)
Factory Fire
Horizontal Integration
Eugene V. Debs
Social Darwinism
Great Railroad Strike 1877
John D. Rockefeller
Industrial Workers of the World (IWW)
Sherman Anti-Trust Act
Haymarket Affair
Homestead Strike
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Chapter 7 Immigrants and Urbanization Pages 252-271
Answer the following questions on a separate piece of paper.
Chapter 7 Section 1 The New Immigrants Pages 254-279
1. Between 1870-1920 20 million Immigrants came to the US, why?
Make a chart of Push/Pull factors that relate to immigration:
PUSH = things that push people out of
PULL = things about America that make
their homeland
people want to come here.
2. Make a chart listing the new immigrants compared to the Old Immigrants(include
dates)
New Immigrants
Old Immigrants.
3. Analyze the chart on page 255, US Immigration Patterns 1900.
A. Where did the greatest number of Italian immigrants settle?
B. Where did the most Japanese and Chinese people settle?
C. Where did most Mexican people settle?
4. List important information about Chinese and Japanese immigration to the US.
5. What was life like in the “New Land” page 257-258
6. Make a list of the way people viewed New Immigrants page 259
Define the following :
 Chinese Exclusion Act
 Gentlemen’s Agreement
 Nativism
Chapter 7 Section 2 The Challenges of Urbanization Page 262-266
1. List the reasons immigrants decided to settle in Cities.
2. Read the Section Urban problems and describe problems related to the following:
a. Housing
b. Transportation
c. Sanitation
d. Crime
e. Fire
3. How did reformers try to change society?
4. How is Jane Addams and Social Gospel related?
Define the Following:
a. Settlement Houses
b. Urbanization
c. Americanization Movement
d. Tenement
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Chapter 7 Section 3 Politics of the Gilded Age Page 267-271
1. What are Political Machines and how do they work?
2. Draw the pyramid of the Political Machine, at the top is the City Boss, Ward Boss,
Precinct Captain, precinct worker, voter
3. Why do immigrants like the Political Machine?
4. Boss Tweed was a famous City Boss, how did he get rich?
Define the following:
 Civil Service
 Graft
 James Garfield
 The Pendleton Civil Service Act
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Chapter 9 The Progressive Era
Section 1 Origins of Progressivism
Section 2 Women in Public Life
Section 3 Teddy Roosevelt’s Square Deal
Page 326-27 The Muckrakers
Section 4 Progressivism Under Taft
Section 5 Wilson’s New Freedom
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Terms to Memorize
Industrialization
1. Market Revolution
2. Free Enterprise
3. Natural Resources/Raw
Materials
4. Lowell Textile Mills
5. Assembly Line
6. Mass Production
7. Interchangeable Parts
Transportation
8. Erie Canal
9. Transcontinental Railroad
10. Panama Canal
Products
11. Morse Code
12. Marconi Radio
13. Steam Engine
14. Locomotives
15. Airplane
16. light bulb
17.
18.
19.
20.
Automobile
Model T
Telegraph
Telephone
Immigration
21. Ellis Island
22. Angel Island
23. Graft
24. Political Machine
25. Chinese Exclusion Act
26. New Immigrants
27. Immigrant Neighborhoods
Rise of the City
28. Urbanization
29. Rural to Urban Migration
30. How the Other Half Lives
31. Settlement House
32. Tenement
33. Nativist/Nativism
Business Development
34. Adam Smith
35. Laissez Fair Capitalism
36. Entrepreneur
37. Corporation
38. Shares of Stock
39. “Robber Baron”
40. “Captain of Industry”
41. Vertical Integration
42. Horizontal Integration
43. Credit Mobillier
44. Standard Oil
45. Carnegie Steel
46. Trusts
Labor Movement
47. Labor
48. Union
49. Strike
50. Collective Bargaining
51. Knights of Labor
52. American Federation of Labor
(AFL)
53. Industrial Workers of the
World (IWW)
54. National Trades Union
55. Commonwealth v. Hunt
56. Pullman Strike
57. Haymarket Riot
58. Triangle Shirtwaist Factory
Fire
Ideas
59. Social Darwinism
60. Communist Manifesto
61. Socialist
62. Social Gospel
63. The Jungle
Government and Industry
64. No Government
intervention in business
65. Interstate Commerce Act
66. Sherman Antitrust Act
67. Assassination of
President Garfield
68. Pendleton Civil Service
Act
69. Pure Food and Drug Act
70. Food and Drug
Administration
People
71. Samuel F.B. Morse
72. Adam Smith
73. Alexander Graham Bell
74. Eli Whitney
75. Robert Fulton
76. Henry Bessemer
77. Thomas Edison
78. Alexander Graham Bell
79. George Pullman
80. Andrew Carnegie
81. Boss Tweed
82. Horatio Alger
83. Henry Ford
84. Herbert Spencer
85. John D. Rockefeller
86. Karl Marx
87. Samuel Gompers
88. Eugene V. Debs
89. Wright Brothers
90. Jacob Riis
91. Jane Addams
92. Upton Sinclair
93. Emma Lazarus
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What are the essential elements of a factory?
What do you need to create a factory?
What do you need to produce a product?
What goes into a factory?
What comes out of your factory?
What are the good things associated with a factory?
What are the bad things associated with a factory?
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Worksheet Industrialization
1. What is industrialization?
2. Why is industrialization important to a country?
More goods are produced cheaper-More jobs-better economy- standard of living improves
Technology improvesbetter goodsmakes life easier
Self-Reliance of the countryfor goods -> Oil?
Industrialization = power war tanks bombs
3. When does industrialization take place in America?
4. What are the elements or main parts of industrialization?
5. What are the effects of industrialization?
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Imagine you are an industrialist in the period between 1850 and 1920.
Using a piece of poster paper
Create a factory:
Include a visual image of the factory.
Address the following
 Where will the factory be located and why?
 What is the product?
 How will it be made?
 What is it made out of?
 How will it get to market?
 What resources are needed?
 Who will make the product?
 How much money will they make?
 Where will workers live?
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What is industrialization?
Process of transforming society’s economic focus from agriculture to factory or
industrial production
Why is industrialization important to a country?
In the modern period industrialization drives the standard of living for the people.
Industrialization provides prosperity and new products.
Industrialization creates jobs and improves society.
Industrialization creates strength for a nation.
When does industrialization take place in America?
Begins strongly 1850By 1920 US is a leading industrial power in the world.
What are the elements or main parts of industrialization?
Natural Resources page 231 Natural Resources Map – and steel
InventionsSources of Energy
Entrepreneurs
Support of Government for Business
Growth of cities- helped for cheap labor and markets (a place to sell goods)
Factories
Workers
Products
Capitalists - Investors
Transportation
Sales techniques
Labor Unions
Monopoly
What are the effects of industrialization?
Mass production
More Inventions
New Products
Cheaper goods
More jobs
Pollution
Exploitation of workers
Large Businesses
Profit for owners and investors
Increased transportation networks
Poverty for workers
Marxism
Labor unrest / Labor Unions
Government Intervention in business
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Industrial Revolution Timeline:
Make a timeline of the Industrial Revolution
Period 1826-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------1920
See Pages 228, 229, 232, 247, 274
Label and briefly describe the following:
See Page 232 include all inventions
Oil is pumped using steam power
Bessemer Process is widely used
Transcontinental Railroad Completed
Bell invents the Telephone
The Great Strike
United States restricts Chinese immigration
Edison invents the light bulb
Haymarket Riot
Sherman Anti-trust act passed
Pullman Strike
Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire
See the Chart on page 247 show when Union Membership was highest.
Brooklyn Bridge is completed
Henry Ford makes the Model T
Theodore Roosevelt is Elected President
William H. Taft Elected President
Woodrow Wilson Elected President
World War I begins
US Enters World War I
World War I ends
Eighteenth Amendment passed
Nineteenth Amendment Passed
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How is the poem by Lazarus appropriate for the new
immigrants to America?
The New Colossus
Not like the brazen giant of Greek fame,
With conquering limbs astride from land to land;
Here at our sea-washed, sunset gates shall stand
A mighty woman with a torch, whose flame
Is the imprisoned lightning, and her name
Mother of Exiles. From her beacon-hand
Glows world-wide welcome; her mild eyes command
The air-bridged harbor that twin cities frame.
"Keep ancient lands, your storied pomp!" cries she
With silent lips. "Give me your tired, your poor,
Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free,
The wretched refuse of your teeming shore.
Send these, the homeless, tempest-tost to me,
I lift my lamp beside the golden door!"
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Projects:
1. Imagine you are a teenager in the time period. Choose one invention and describe
how it has changed your life. Or
2. Imagine you are a worker, write a letter to your friend and tell them how you like
or dislike the assembly line.
3. Make a chart of positive and negative effects of the Industrial Revolution.
Adam Smith or Karl Marx> Editorials
Capitalist, Marxist, and Unions Role Play
1. Students interview their parents about Unions.
2. Political Cartoon - Create a political Cartoon or other image displaying a point of
view of the workers, a capitalist, and how they view government.
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Test Question:
How did Society Change with the Industrial Revolution?
How is the Industrial Revolution significant important to the strength of the United
States?
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Industrial Revolution Essay:
Due December 16, 2005
Review your notes on the Industrial Revolution:
Industry, factories, industrialization, effects, new products, inventions, workers,
immigration, big business, transportation, resources, positive-negatives,
urbanization…
Write a 5 paragraph essay.
How did the Industrial Revolution change the United States?
Introduction:
Thesis: The industrial Revolution between 1850-1920 changed the United States in many
ways.
(Choose three topics to explain and give examples of changes brought by the industrial
revolution, one topic for each body paragraph.)
Body Paragraphs:
Paragraph 2
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 4
Conclusion:
The Industrial revolution changed America.
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