Lesson Outline
Chapter 7
Lesson 7: Shock
Lesson Objectives
After completing this lesson, participants should be able to:
 Recognize the signs and symptoms of shock.
 Describe and demonstrate how to care for shock.
 Identify signs of anaphylactic shock.
 Describe and demonstrate how to use an epinephrine auto-injector.
Points
Shock
 Perfusion is when adequate blood and oxygen are provided to all cells in different
tissues and organs in the body.
 Shock describes a state of collapse or circulatory system failure, which results
when insufficient amounts of oxygenated blood are provided for every body part.
 The circulatory system has three components:
o A working pump (the heart)
o A network of pipes (the blood vessels)
o An adequate amount of fluid (the blood)
 Circulatory system failure
o Pump (heart) failure
o Fluid loss
o Pipe failure (blood vessels)
Perfusion Triangle
 These three components are known as the perfusion triangle.
Types of Shock
 Cardiogenic
 Hypovolemic
 Neurogenic
 Septic
 Anaphylactic
 Psychogenic
Recognizing Shock
 Altered mental status
 Pale, cold, and clammy skin
 Nausea and vomiting
 Rapid breathing and pulse
 Unresponsive in late stages
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Lesson Outline
Chapter 7
Care for Shock
 Protect yourself against disease by wearing medical exam gloves.
 Monitor breathing and provide care if needed.
 Control obvious external bleeding.
 Position the victim on his or her back.
 Raise the victim’s legs 6 to 12 inches.
 Splint bone or joint injuries.
 Prevent body heat loss.
 Handle the victim gently.
 Seek medical care.
Anaphylaxis
 Immune system reacts violently to a particular substance
 Severe allergic reactions to:
o Medications
o Foods
o Insect stings
o Plant pollen
Recognizing Anaphylaxis
 Skin
o Flushing, itching, or burning
o Hives
o Swelling, especially of the face, tongue, and lips
o Bluish lips (cyanosis)
 Circulatory System
o Weak pulse
o Dizziness
o Fainting and unresponsiveness
 Respiratory System
o Sneezing or itching in the nostrils
o Tightness in the chest
o Breathing difficulty
o Secretions of fluid and mucus
o Wheezing
o Breathing stops
Care for Anaphylaxis
 Monitor breathing and administer CPR, if necessary.
 Call 9-1-1 immediately.
 Help victim use prescribed epinephrine auto-injector if he or she has one.
 Give an antihistamine to prevent further reactions.
 Keep a responsive victim sitting up to help breathing.
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Lesson Outline
Chapter 7
Psychogenic Shock
 Once the victim is lying down, responsiveness usually returns.
 If the victim fell or has trouble walking.
o Check for head or spine injury.
o Call 9-1-1 immediately.
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