Chapter 7
Shock
Shock (1 of 2)
• Perfusion
• Adequate blood and oxygen are
provided to all cells in body
• Circulatory system failure
• Not enough oxygenated blood is being
supplied to every part of the body
• Can permanently damage body parts if
untreated
Shock (2 of 2)
• Circulatory system has three components:
• Working pump (heart)
• Network of pipes (blood vessels)
• Adequate amount of fluid (blood)
• Circulatory system failure
• Pump (heart) failure
• Fluid loss
• Pipe failure (blood vessels)
Perfusion Triangle
Types of Shock
• Cardiogenic
• Hypovolemic
• Neurogenic
• Septic
• Anaphylactic
• Psychogenic
Recognizing Shock
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•
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Altered mental status
Pale, cold, and clammy skin
Nausea and vomiting
Rapid breathing and pulse
Unresponsive in late stages
Care for Shock
• Treat severe and
life-threatening
injuries.
• Position victim on
his or her back.
• Raise victim’s legs
6 to 12 inches.
• Prevent heat loss.
Anaphylaxis
• Immune system reacts violently
to a particular substance
• Severe allergic reactions to:
• Medications
• Foods
• Insect stings
• Plant pollen
Recognizing Anaphylaxis (1 of 2)
• Skin
• Flushing, itching, burning
• Hives
• Swelling
• Cyanosis
• Circulatory system
• Weak pulse
• Dizziness
• Fainting
Recognizing Anaphylaxis (2 of 2)
• Respiratory system
• Sneezing
• Chest tightness
• Breathing difficulty
• Secretions of fluid
• Wheezing
• Breathing stops
Care for Anaphylaxis (1 of 2)
• Monitor breathing.
• Administer CPR if needed.
• Call 9-1-1 immediately.
Care for Anaphylaxis (2 of 2)
• If victim has epinephrine
auto-injector, help with its
use.
• Give antihistamine to
prevent further reactions.
• Keep responsive victim
sitting up.
Psychogenic Shock
• Once victim is lying down, responsiveness
usually returns.
• If victim fell or has trouble walking:
• Check for head and spine injury.
• Call 9-1-1 immediately.