Geology Unit Review
Vocabulary
Crust
Mantle
Lithosphere
Asthenosphere
Outer core
Inner core
Plate tectonics
Seismic waves
Amplitude
P-waves
S-waves
lag time
Focus
Epicenter
Magnitude
Intensity
Convergent plate boundary
Divergent plate boundary
Transform plate boundary
Subduction
Minerals
Rocks
Sedimentary
Igneous
Metamorphic
Extrusive igneous rock
Intrusive igneous rock
Plutons
Sills
Dikes
Glacial erratic
Esker
Ore
Smelting
Tailings
Surface mining
Subsurface mining
1.
Illustrate the rock cycle.
Name___________________
2.
Rock that formed from molten rock is classified as ________________.
3.
__________________ rock may contain fossils.
4.
Plutons are composed of ______________ rock.
5.
Sandstone and shale are _______ rock.
6.
What is a glacial erratic?
7.
What is an esker?
8.
Give three examples of minerals.
9.
Describe one way mountains in New England were affected by the ice age.
10.
Obsidian is a glassy igneous rock. What does that tell you about how it formed?
11.
Soil in Maine is generally glacial till. What does that mean?
12.
Ice deposits ____ material.
a. sorted; b. unsorted
13.
Liquid water deposits _____ material.
a. sorted; b. unsorted
14.
The last ice age peaked about ________ years ago.
15.
The last ice age ended in Maine about __________ years ago.
16.
Rock A has large crystals and is light in color. Rock B has medium-sized crystals
and is dark in color. What does this tell you about the two rocks?
17.
How did sea level change as the ice age ended?
18.
Describe how the shape of mountains in Maine was affected by glaciation.
19.
Compare the speeds of P- and S- waves.
20.
What happens when P-waves hit the outer core?
21.
What happens when S-waves hit the outer core?
22.
How do you find lag time?
What is the purpose of finding lag time? (How is this information used?)
23.
Compare and contrast how igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks form.
24. –29 . For each of the following statements, determine if they are true or false. If
they are false, change a word or phrase to correct them.
24.
Plutons are intrusive igneous formations.
25.
During the last ice age, ice sheets extended as far south as Cape Cod, MA.
26.
Eskers are scratches left in the bedrock by moving glaciers.
27.
Sandstone is an intrusive igneous rock.
28.
Extrusive igneous rocks generally have large crystals.
29.
Rocks are to minerals as flour and sugar are to baked goods.
30.
Subduction zones occur along _____________plate boundaries.
31.
________________ are intrusive igneous formations that cut horizontally across
the country rock.
32.
Glacial till was deposited by:
a. wind; b. glacial meltwater; c. glacial ice
33.
Which of the following areas are particularly vulnerable to earthquakes.
a. sills; b. eskers; c. plate boundaries; d. mantle; e. none of the above
34.
Draw a diagram of the Earth and label the following. Inner core, mantle,
lithosphere, outer core, crust, lithosphere
35.
Describe how Blue Hill Mountain formed. Your answer should include a
discussion of depth, plutons, country rock, weathering and erosion and these terms
should be defined as part of your answer.
36.
Give an example of a toxic substance that may be found in a spoil pile.
37.
Describe another environmental problem that may result from mining activities.
38.
List two rocks or other earth materials that are commercially mined in Maine
today.
39.
The Richter scale describes earthquake
a. magnitude; b. intensity
40.
If earthquake A is 6 on the Richter scale and earthquake B is 3 on the Richter
scale, compare the amount of shaking and energy released by the two
earthquakes.