UNIT 2 EXAM – CELLULAR REPRODUCTION
MAKE NO MARKS ON THIS BOOKLET!!! FILL IN ANSWERS ON SCANTRON CARD.
PART 1 - TRUE & FALSE (A=TRUE / B=FALSE) (1 MARK EACH)
1. The nucleus is responsible for storing the DNA that directs all cell activities.
2. Animal cells contain chloroplasts, an organelle that contains chlorophyll. This allows animal cells to
make their own food through a process called photosynthesis.
3. Mitosis is a process in which cells divide, producing identical daughter cells.
4. Replication of the DNA ensures that each new cell contains genetically different information in its
nucleus.
5. In anaphase, the centromeres split and the spindle fibres pull the sister chromatids apart to the same sides
of the cell.
6. The gamete is the first body cell of a new organism.
7. Human gametes have 23 chromosomes and are called haploid.
8. The female reproductive organ in an angiosperm is called a stamen.
9. In self-pollination, two parent plants are needed to bring the gametes together.
10. Genetic variation affects the survival of a species.
11. Selective breeding involves breeding individuals with certain desirable traits to produce offspring with
similar traits.
12. Reproductive technology does not require the knowledge of cell biology and DNA.
13. DNA is made of sugar, phosphate, and nitrogen bases.
14. Adenine is always combined with cytosine on the DNA molecule.
15. A codon is made of four consecutive nitrogenous bases, such as C - T - A - A.
16. Genetic engineering is a used to create transgenic organisms.
17. A karyotype is a photograph of a person's cells.
18. All human beings have 23 chromosomes in each of their body cells.
19. Biotechnology is the process that uses micro-organisms to break down the complex compounds in toxic
waste.
20. Micro-organisms can be used to break down toxic waste.
PART 2 – MATCHING (1 MARK EACH)
21. DNA replicates.
22. Centromeres divide.
23. Spindle fibers appear.
24. Chromosomes form a line across the equator.
25. Nuclear membrane reappears.
a. telophase
b. anaphase
c. prophase
d. metaphase
e. interphase
26. A small piece breaks away to form a new individual.
27. A bud forms, grows, and breaks away.
28. A reproductive cell grows through cell division.
29. An organism splits into two new organisms.
30. Injured cells are repaired or lost body parts are grown.
a. binary fission
b. regeneration
c. spore formation
d. budding
e. fragmentation
31. Homologous chromosomes line up at the equator.
32. Crossing-over occurs.
33. Individual chromatids separate and move to opposite poles.
34. Individual chromosomes line up at the equator.
35. Chromosomes arrive at the poles and cell division begins.
a. prophase I
b. anaphase II
c. metaphase I
d. metaphase II
e. telophase II
36. Produces seeds inside cones
37. Flowering plant
38. Seed begins to grow
39. Male and female gametes come from same plant
40. Gametes come from two different plants
a. angiosperm
b. germination
c. self-pollination
d. cross-pollination
e. gymnosperm
PART 3 – MULTIPLE CHOICE (1 MARK EACH)
41. Which organelle is called the "powerhouse of the cell"?
A)
ribosome
B)
endoplasmic reticulum
C)
nucleolus
D)
mitochondrion
42. Where are chlorophyll molecules stored in plant cells?
A)
chloroplasts
B)
mitochondria
C)
lysosomes
D)
vacuoles
43. Which of the following is not a component of the cell theory?
A)
Living organisms do not depend on their individual cells for support.
B)
All living organisms are made of at least one cell.
C)
The cell is the basic functional unit of all organisms.
D)
All cells come from previously existing cells.
44. In which phase do spindle fibres form?
A)
prophase
B)
metaphase
C)
anaphase
D)
telophase
45. In which phase do chromosomes line up at the equator?
A)
prophase
B)
metaphase
C)
anaphase
D)
telophase
46. Which process produces gametes?
A)
mitosis
B)
meiosis
C)
fertilization
D)
variation
47. How many chromosomes are there in the nucleus of a human sperm cell?
A)
3
B)
22
C)
46
D)
23
48. What do the ovaries in a flower contain?
A)
eggs
B)
sperm
C)
pollen
D)
stamens
49. What form of reproduction is best in a changing environment?
A)
sexual reproduction
B)
asexual reproduction
C)
fission
D)
all of the above
50. Where are the pollen grains during pollination?
A)
stigma
B)
sepals
C)
pistil
D)
ovary
51. Where are the seeds formed?
A)
stigma
B)
pollen tube
C)
pistil
D)
ovary
52. How do mosses reproduce?
A)
budding
B)
fragmentation
C)
spores
D)
seeds
53. What part of the moss produces spores?
A)
sporophyte
B)
gametophyte
C)
seedophyte
D)
mossophyte
54. Identify the spores that are produced by meiosis.
A)
diploid
B)
haploid
C)
triploid
D)
polyploid
55. Spores ...
A)
B)
C)
D)
are very light and can be carried great distances.
can survive unfavourable conditions.
can stay dormant if necessary.
are all of the above.
56. Which of the following have been produced using biotechnology?
A)
cheese
B)
yogurt
C)
dogs
D)
all of the above
57. What is DNA composed of?
A)
phosphates
B)
nitrogenous bases
C)
sugars
D)
all of the above
58. What is the term for cross-pollinating two different but closely related plant species?
A)
inbreeding
B)
monoculture
C)
hybridization
D)
none of the above
59. Which of the following statements is true about the practice of monoculture?
A)
Monoculture increases the resistance of a crop to widespread disaster.
B)
Monoculture involves the production of large quantities of a single variety of a plant
crop.
C)
There is a rich diversity of crops in monoculture.
D)
Crops cannot be destroyed by a single pest or disease.
60. An advantage of genetic engineering over selective breeding is that ...
A)
genetic engineering is a much longer process.
B)
a gene that is absent in a person may be supplied through genetic engineering.
C)
organisms can obtain genes from other species.
D)
both (B) and (C)
WRITTEN PART
WORD BANK (EACH WORD WILL ONLY BE USED ONCE)
Golgi
Meiosis
Fruit
Mitosis
Two
Guanine
Fingerprinting
Biotechnology
Inbreeding
Mutation
Angiosperms
Selective
Protein
Fission
DNA
Spores
Metamorphosis
Wall
Variations
Amino
PART 4 – FILL IN THE BLANK (1 MARKS EACH)
1. Unlike animal cells, plants cells have a rigid cell _______________________ that lies outside the cell
membrane.
2. _______________________ bodies package useful materials and secrete them outside of the cell.
3. The four phases of _______________________ in plant and animal cells are prophase, metaphase,
anaphase, and telophase.
4. During interphase, a cell will grow, replicate its ______________________, and prepare for the first
phase of mitosis.
5. Binary _______________________ is a form of asexual reproduction in bacteria.
6. _______________________ can develop into a new plant without being fertilized.
7. Differences in characteristics among individuals are called _______________________.
8. _______________________ produces gametes, each of which contains half the required number of
chromosomes.
9. During meiosis, a cell will divide _______________________ times before the gametes are formed.
10. Complete _______________________ is a process house flies and butterflies go through before
reaching the adult form.
11. The seeds of _______________________ form inside flowers.
12. In some angiosperms, the ovary becomes the _______________________ around the seed.
13. _______________________ breeding involves breeding individuals with particular desired traits.
14. Yogurt and cheese are products of _______________________.
15. The shapes of cytosine and _______________________ fit together.
16. A gene is a segment of DNA that is coded to produce a _______________________.
17. Each protein is made up of smaller units called _______________________ acids.
18. _______________________ involves mating two closely related individuals.
19. DNA _______________________can be used to identify relationships between individuals.
20. A mistake that happens during DNA replication or meiosis is called a _______________________.
PART 5 – SHORT ANSWER (20 MARKS)
List, describe, and draw the stages of mitosis.