MPS Waste Audit Report
by
Andre Xiong
For a copy of this report or to access more information about waste management / recycling at MPS,
visit: http://mpsgoesgreen.mpls.k12.mn.us
School name and grade:
Today’s date:
Audit date:
Audit participants:
Anwatin Middle School 6-8
3-3-2010
1-13-2009
Andre Xiong, Hennepin County Environmental Services
Bruce Greeler, Head Building Engineer
Pete Spartz, MPS Plant Operations
Doug Link, Allied Waste Services
ANALYSIS OF WASTE GENERATION AT YOUR SITE
Waste generated at your site in January, 2010:
 In January, your school produced 4,340 lb of waste.1
 Trash:
3,800 lb (88 %)
 Mixed recycling:
540 lb (13 %)
 Based on your school population of 481 (449 students, 72 staff), each
person in your school produced 9 pounds of waste during this month.2
 It took 5 large dumpsters to haul your 3,800 lb of trash.3
 The waste you recycled in January will result in 160 less pounds of
material going to the incinerator as well as the production of new
materials from it. Making new products from recycled material is less
expensive and more environmentally friendly than making them from
raw materials.
MPS is now collecting
information about waste
and recycling rates by
school. The analysis
below is based on data
for the month which this
audit took place at your
site. To access weights
from other months,
please visit:
www.mpsgoesgreen.com and
click on ‘Green Reports’.
District cost of trash and recycling disposal for your site in January, 2010 6:
Monthly haul charge $1.90/yd
Processing fee rate
$/ton
Processing fee based on weight
MN State tax
17%
Hennepin Co. tax
14.5%
Trash, actual
$61
$40
$76
$12.92
$11
Total Cost
$161
Mixed Recycling
$61
$12
$3
exempt
exempt
$64
Trash,
had you not recycled
$61
$40
$87
$14.76
$13
$175
In January, your school diverted 540 lb of waste towards recycling; saving the district $14 in disposal fees that
would have incurred from adding that 540 lb to the trash instead. These savings allow the district to enhance
its resource management strategy and offer programs like organics recycling and improved mixed recycling.
Increasing your recycling rates would yield even higher savings throughout the school year.
ON-SITE AUDIT RESULTS & DISCUSSION
Included below are findings and recommendations based on the audit of your building’s
waste management practices.7
Organics Recycling:
You were not recycling organics in addition to mixed recycling.
Approximately 35% of a school building’s' waste is compostable. Recycling compostable waste saves the
district money from reduced hauling fees and taxes, helps the environment, and provides students an
educational, hands-on way to learn about environmental stewardship. If your school is interested in starting
an organics recycling program, there is an opportunity for additional schools to add an organics program in
Fall, 2010. Start-up costs will be covered by a grant. For information about how to launch an organics
recycling program at your school, please visit: http://mpsgoesgreen.mpls.k12.mn.us/Organics_Recycling.html
Recycling and waste reduction practices:
You [ were/were not ] stacking trays prior to disposal.
*not sufficient data*
Note: Trays, despite how little they weigh, take up massive volume and fill up trash bags quickly, requiring
them to be changed out frequently. Stacking trays to be disposed of separately will allow much more room
in the trash container for other waste items. This practice saves the district money from less bag usage,
reduces plastic in the environment, and allows more space in the trash dumpster(s).
You were using MPS Goes Green signage.
Congratulations on helping standardize the district-wide MPS Goes Green message. Remember that there are
informational signs in English, Spanish, Hmong and Somali available on the MPS website. Also, there are fun
‘What to Collect’ signs on the website that are appropriate for a K-8 audience.
You [ were/were not ] using custom-made educational materials as well.
*not sufficient data*
Note: Members of your building community know what will work in your building. Encourage staff and
students to create their own promotional materials in addition to those provided by MPS. This involvement
promotes ownership and responsibility amongst students and staff which leads to a successful recycling
program. Be creative. On your signs, use examples of real items that students commonly run into at their
school or create a video or skits for a school assembly.
Most of the surveyed classrooms displayed posters and labels to aid in sorting.
It is good to see that classrooms in your building are taking ownership for the recycling program. Posters and
labels help students and staff comply with the program. Teachers, take as little as a minute of your time to
post up signage by recycling containers to encourage recycling in the classroom. Another step you can take is
to incorporate environmental sustainability information into coursework. The MPS Goes Green website
provides curriculum materials you may find useful.
You often used color coding to promote sorting.
Congratulations on using the MPS-designated colors (blue = mixed recycling, green = organics recycling,
red/gray = trash) to promoting recycling and proper sorting. Note: Make sure to follow the designated color
scheme—many of your containers’ color did not correspond with their designated use—and cover up any
recycling labels on containers that do not correspond with its designated use. (i.e. recycling sign on a red
barrel). Contact your Plant Operations Supervisor for stickers that can be used for this purpose.
Interior containers:
All classrooms sampled had recycling containers.
MPS will make every effort to provide every (class) room with recycling containers, please contact Plant
Operations Supervisor for extra containers. Paper makes up a tremendous portion of classroom waste, yet an
astounding amount of recyclable paper is still making its way into trash bins. The labor required to throw paper
into the trash or recycling bin are equal. Give students the opportunity to recycle in the classroom by providing
recycling bins in all classrooms. Promote proper use of recycling bins through signage and classroom activities.
See the MPS Goes Green website for ideas, http://mpsgoesgreen.mpls.k12.mn.us/
You often provided both trash and recycling containers at the same location (in classrooms).
The practice of placing both trash and recycling containers near one another has been found to increase
recycling. Making recycling containers available wherever there are trash containers maximizes the likelihood
that recyclables will not simply be thrown away.
You noted you were and were not bagging mixed recycling containers, depending on circumstances.
Note: A great way to further reduce your school’s environmental impact and save the district money is to not
use plastic bags to contain your recyclables. The bags become a problem at the materials recovery facility
(MRF) where the recyclables are sorted and processed. At the MRF, in order to keep the plastic bags from
getting wrapped around the sorting equipment, they must be separated and disposed. The plastic bags do not
get recycled. Furthermore, MPS’ waste hauler prefers recyclables un-bagged because recyclables can easily be
contained and transported through the use bins, dumpsters, and trucks. The bag is not necessary and just
means that the hauler has to tear open and dispose the bags later on to get to your recyclables.
You were collecting liquid waste in a separate container.
*not sufficient data*
Note: A great way to minimize the weight of your waste is to divert liquid waste down the drain. Weight is one
key basis that MPS’ hauler uses to charge the district for trash and recycling. In addition, because MPS sends
its trash to the incinerator, dry waste results in a more efficient burn which is better for the environment.
Have students dump milk and other liquids into designated buckets to reduce weight of bags as well as leaking.
Contact your Plant Operations supervisor for buckets if you don’t have any on hand.
Contamination assessment:
Number of sampled bags of trash: 0
*not sufficient data* Samples were not provided or available.
Number of sampled bags of recycling: 2
Your two samples of mixed recycling had, respectively, no and minimal contamination (plastic wrap.) Not all
plastics can be recycled; a general rule is to recycle only plastic bottles. Otherwise, your recycling stream was
essentially free of trash! This means that the contents of your recycling dumpster will be used to make quality
recycled products. When you have excessive contamination in your recycling it could mean that the hauler will
reject your entire load to the trash. It is very important that your school community continues to keep the
recycling stream as good of quality as possible.
Exterior dumpsters:
All dumpsters were labeled.
Congratulations for labeling the different dumpsters to distinguish what waste type goes in them, ensuring
that trash and recyclables are disposed of properly. Contact Allied Waste or go through Plant Operations
Supervisor to acquire labels so you do not have to write on the dumpsters.
Waste were correctly disposed of in their corresponding dumpster.
* not sufficient data* Dumpsters were recently emptied.
Your dumpsters [ were/were not ] effectively arranged to encourage recycling.
*not sufficient data*
Note: It is a best practice to place recycling dumpsters in a convenient location. Placing the recycling
dumpster(s) closer than trash dumpster discourages recyclables from ending up in the trash dumpster. If your
school is participating in organics, it is especially important to put that dumpster close due to the heavy weight
of those bags. If you would like to move your dumpster location or arrangement, please contact your Plant
Operations supervisor.
Your trash dumpster [ two at 8 yd3 each, picked up 4x weekly ] is typically full to full at pick-up.
Although you may indeed be filling up your dumpsters, thereby efficiently using them to full capacity, 8 yd3 is
big and your school has two of them for a total of 16 yd3. Many MPS schools experience significant trash
reduction through organics recycling. Please consider it for your site and contact your Plant Operations
supervisor on how to get started.
Your mixed recycling dumpster [ 8 yd3, picked up 1x weekly ] is typically ¾ full to full at pick-up.
Congratulations for filling your mixed recycling dumpster to near its capacity. Dumpster disposal fees are
charged based on size and service frequency, so an underutilized dumpster costs the district extra money.
Increasing capacity or service frequency is perfectly fine if your school’s recycling efforts have improved that
much.
If your school needs to modify its hauling schedule / dumpster size or access additional materials to make your
waste management/recycling program successful, please contact your Plant Operations Supervisor. For
questions regarding the audit and audit report, please contact Andre Xiong.
Andre Xiong
MN GreenCorps School Waste Prevention Specialist
Hennepin County Dept. of Environmental Services
417 N. 5th Street, Minneapolis, MN 55401
phone: 612-543-1316
email: andre.x.xiong@co.hennepin.mn.us
Appendix / Sources
1 Monthly waste generation data was provided by MPS contract hauler, Allied Waste Services. Data on
dumpster sizes and hauling schedules were also obtained from Allied.
2 Student enrollment numbers were obtained through MPS student account, available to the public online.
Staff enrollment numbers were obtained through payroll.
3 Allied Waste estimates one cubic yard of trash weighs approximately 100 lbs.
4 Ginny Black, from MN Pollution Control Agency, estimates approximately 50% of organic waste remains as
finished compost after decomposition.
5 It was decided upon to use 32% as the figure for organic waste composition of total waste generated at
schools. The study was conducted in southern California by California Integrated Waste Management Board
for 2002.
6 Calculations:
Monthly haul charge = [ $1.90 X dumpster size (yd 3) X frequency of pickup in a week ] X 4 weeks (month)
Processing fee = processing rate X weight (tons)
Total cost = monthly haul charge + processing fee + tax
Savings incurred from recycling = total cost (gross weight) ▬ total cost (trash weight)
7 Audit procedures:
o Audits were scheduled for 1 hour and included:
1. Interview with head building engineer 2. Interior walkthrough
3. Contamination assessment
4. Exterior walkthrough
o Audits were conducted by Hennepin County Environmental Services’ GreenCorps member; alongside an
Allied Waste representative and the Plant Ops supervisor for that site.
o Questions during audit were answered based on head engineers’ observations and perceptions.
o Walk-through portion of audit consisted of observing (as needed):
2 hallways (or other common areas)
3 classrooms
1 bathroom
Cafeteria
Dumpsters
o Contamination assessment portion of audit consisted of visually assessing:
2 bags of trash
2 bags of mixed recycling
2 bags of organic waste
8 Not all schools were able to supply samples for contamination assessment due to various reasons. In such
cases, samples were attained in these other manners (where possible):
Observing bags already disposed of in dumpsters
Observing un-bagged waste in dumpsters equivalent to bag
Observing active containers on the floor
Clarification on contaminants:
Non-recyclable paper include: food-soiled paper, napkins, paperware, milk cartons.
Non-recyclable plastics include: shrinkwrap, plasticware, food containers.
Cardboard is allowed in single stream collection, so it is categorized with ‘paper’ for our purposes.
Food waste is only considered a contaminant in trash where organics recycling is in place.