Name_______________
Universal Solvent and Solubility
Date___________B____
Another unique property of water is that it is very good at dissolving many substances and therefore
called the ____________________ ______________. When an ionic solid like salt [NaCl] or polar
liquid like methanol [CH3OH] is mixed into water it _____________. Once it dissolves the substance
is called the __________ and the water is called the ____________. Therefore, we would say that
compounds like salt and methanol are _____________ in water.
Ionic Compounds Dissolve in Water
Polar Molecules Dissolve in Water
Non-polar compounds, like ______, are not water ___________ because hydrogen bonding between
water is stronger than any attraction between the non-polar solute and the polar water solvent. Water
is so polar that it can actually induce (force) oil molecules to have a temporary ___________, but this
will not happen because water molecules would rather stick with other water molecules. The
attraction of polar solvents to themselves prevents non-polar molecules from ever dissolving into
polar solvents. This is summarized in the chemistry rule “_________________________________” .
Non-polar and polar molecules do not mix!
Name_______________
Universal Solvent and Solubility
Date___________B____
CLASS WORK
Solutes
Which solvent is it soluble in?
H2O
CCl4

Polar
Non-Polar
OR
Is the solute
Ionic, Polar, or
Nonpolar?
1. Acetone
C 3 H6 O
2. Potassium Fluoride – KF
3. Hexane
C6H12
4. Methanol
CH3OH
HOMEWORK
Symmetrical?
Solute
Electronegative
atoms? Which?
Model
Label the
dipole if any
δ+ or δ-
H3COCH3
Dimethyl
ether
KCl
Potassium
Chloride
C6H12
Cyclohexane
CH3Cl
Chloro methane
H2O2
Hydrogen
Peroxide
K+Cl-K+Cl-K+ClCl-K+Cl-K+Cl-K+
K+Cl-K+Cl-K+ClCl-K+Cl-K+Cl-K+
Is the solute
Ionic, Polar
OR
Non-Polar?
Which solvent is
it soluble in?
H2O
Polar
OR

CCl4
Non-Polar
Universal Solvent and Solubility
Name_______________
Date___________B____
Draw how LiF(aq) would look dissolved in water.
Explain why cyclohexane is non-polar and will not dissolve in water. Keywords you need to use:
(un)symmetrical, electronegative, electrons, distribution or density, positive, negative, (in)soluble
Challenge Problem: Draw a diagram of what would be happening at the molecular level if
CCl4, LiF, and H2O were all mixed together into same beaker. CCl4 has a density of 1.59 g / mL.