Biology 110 – Survey of Biology Lab Report Session: Section: Class Location: Days / Time: Instructor: Summer 2015 67163 4 Units NVC 2231 MTWTh 12:20 PM – 4:20 PM RIDDELL Student ID#: 101123456 Student Name: Biolo Gee Team Name: Lab Assignment #: 4 Date: 2015 07 02 Lab Title: Mitosis, Meiosis Purpose / Objective(s): Make models of each of the phases for each of the cell replication processes Survey and capture illustrations and photos from the internet of the above Hypothesis: NA Materials / Subjects / Specimens: . Methods / Tools / Instrumentation / Procedures: Page 1 of 7 533571953 Biology 110 – Survey of Biology Session: Section: Class Location: Days / Time: Instructor: Lab Report Summer 2015 67163 4 Units NVC 2231 MTWTh 12:20 PM – 4:20 PM RIDDELL Results Phases of Mitosis are presented in Table 1 Inter Pro Meta Ana Telo and Cytokinesis Phases of Meiosis II are presented in Table 2 Pro II Meta II Ana II TeloII and Cytokinesis II Analysis / Discussion: Events of Mitosis Interphase Cell growth, prepares to be split into two cells. Everything being duplicated. G1, S, G2 stages are occurring in this stage of interphase. Prophase Chromatin fibers become tightly coiled and folded. Then in prometaphase the nuclear envelope breaks into fragments and eventually disappears. Metaphase Chromosomes align together in the middle of the plate. Spindles together from the top to bottom pole. Each pole has a set of centrioles Anaphase Chromosomes move to opposite sides of the poles, and spindles begin to pull and break apart as well as the chromosomes Telophase Cleavage between the two cells are left to begin the formation of two separate cells. Half of the DNA is taken to one part of the cell, while the other part remains in another cell. Later forming two separate cells. The key results for meiosis are….. Events of Meiosis Interphase Cell growth, cell doubling DNA. Chromosomes duplicate Chromatin inside nuclear envelope, and centriole pair with another centriole to make centrioles Prophase Centromere attaches to the spindles and the centromere begin to form. Spindles stretch and spread apart and the centromere begin to bind to the spindles. In the process of Page 2 of 7 533571953 Biology 110 – Survey of Biology Lab Report Session: Section: Class Location: Days / Time: Instructor: Summer 2015 67163 4 Units NVC 2231 MTWTh 12:20 PM – 4:20 PM RIDDELL synapsis the two sister chromatids form and attach together Metaphase The chromosome tetrads are aligned on the plate. The centrioles are at opposite sides of the pole. Spindle fibers are aligned around the entire cell. Anaphase Daughter chromosomes begin to split apart and leave to opposite ends of the cell; the spindles also start to break apart. The centrioled remain at opposite ends of the poles. Telophase Cleavage furrow is in between the cells and the two cells are beginning to form a formation to leave into the next stage of Cytokinesis. This is when the cell officially forms into two cells and the two sister chromatids separate. Then the cycle repeats itself into mitosis, and in the very end we are left with four duplicate cells. Page 3 of 7 533571953 Biology 110 – Survey of Biology Lab Report Session: Section: Class Location: Days / Time: Instructor: The key differences between Mitosis and Meiosis are: … …. …. ….. Figure 1: (Comparison of Mitosis and Meiosis) Summer 2015 67163 4 Units NVC 2231 MTWTh 12:20 PM – 4:20 PM RIDDELL See Figure 1. Page 4 of 7 533571953 Biology 110 – Survey of Biology Lab Report Session: Section: Class Location: Days / Time: Instructor: Summer 2015 67163 4 Units NVC 2231 MTWTh 12:20 PM – 4:20 PM RIDDELL Conclusions/Further Considerations: ……… ……….. …………. References 1. http://webnt.calhoun.edu/distance/internet/natural/anatomy/EndoRepro/ovary4X.html 2. http://faculty.baruch.cuny.edu/jwahlert/bio1003/mitosis.html Page 5 of 7 533571953 Biology 110 – Survey of Biology Session: Section: Class Location: Days / Time: Instructor: Lab Report Summer 2015 67163 4 Units NVC 2231 MTWTh 12:20 PM – 4:20 PM RIDDELL ATTACHMENTS: Table 1: Illustrations and Photograph of Each Mitosis Stage Stage Key Event(s) Notes / Description / Slide Specimen Interphase Chromosomes begin to form Cell growth Prophase Chromatids pair up and make chromosomes Metaphase Chromosomes shre DNA and line up in a line Replicated chromosomes, consisting of two sister chromatids held together at the centromere chromosomes assemble on the equatorial plate Anaphase Chromosomes split apart Sister chromatids separate from each other and move to opposite poles of the cell. Telophase & Cytoknesis All DNA is doubles and split into their cells Cells are separated Photo of Model Photo From Web Comparison Web Reference for white fish and Onion Root cells: http://faculty.baruch.cuny.edu/jwahlert/bio1003/mitosis.html Page 6 of 7 533571953 Biology 110 – Survey of Biology Lab Report Session: Section: Class Location: Days / Time: Instructor: Summer 2015 67163 4 Units NVC 2231 MTWTh 12:20 PM – 4:20 PM RIDDELL Table 2: Illustration and Photo Micrographs of Meiosis 1 and Meiosis 2 Stages Meiosis Key event(s) Notes/Description/ slide specimen Prophase Phase 1 Cleavage furrow is present in between both cells Cells uncoil and nuclear envelope forms Metaphase Phase 2 Spindles align with each other Chromosomes pair up with each other in a straight line anaphase Phase 3 Spindles spread apart and chromosomes split Sister chromatids separate in anaphase two, as for anaphase one where they stay together Telophase 2 Phase 4 Cleavage furrow begins to form After it forms then it separates and forms around the cell. Photo of Model Photo from Web for Comparison Page 7 of 7 533571953