SBI3U
TRANSPORT IN PLANTS
Name:________________
There are two main vascular tissues in complex plants: Xylem and Phloem.
Tissue
Overall
Structure
Xylem
Phloem
Overall
Function
Types of Xylem and Phloem Cells (pg. 555)
XYLEM
Cell Types--
(1) Vessel
Elements
(2) Tracheids
size
PHLOEM
Cell Types-
(1) Sieve Tube
Elements
(2) Companion
Cells
size
shape
open-ended
pointy
nucleus?
plant type
angiosperms only
all vascular
plants
perforated?
(has holes)
(3) Sieve Cells
WATER TRANSPORT IN XYLEM

Roots take in water through the _____________ and epidermal cells by __________ which is a process that moves
water from areas of lots of water to areas where there’s less water (soil into roots).

Water flows through epidermal cells, cortex and into the __________________________ which contains the xylem.

Water travels up the ________ and then branches into the __________ of the leaf. It then moves into various
_________ of the leaf such as the palisade mesophyll and spongy mesophyll.

Most water exits the plant through a process called _________________. The water diffuses into air spaces in the
spongy cells and then diffuses out of the leaf through the tiny pores called ________________.

As each water molecule exits the leaf, another one enters the plant through the ____________.
Three main stages involved in water transport:
1. Root Pressure

2. Capillary Action

3. TRANSPIRATIONAL PULL (or Cohesion-Tension)
Transpiration is the ____________________________________________________________________________
Because water is POLAR, the water molecules in the xylem are
connected by COHESIVE FORCES so the upward movement of
water causes another water molecule to move into the root (by
osmosis) as one leaves the leaf.
What are factors that affect the rate of transpiration?
The rate of transpiration is greatest on ________, _________,
________ days.
NUTRIENT (SUGAR) TRANSPORT IN PHLOEM: TRANSLOCATION
Translocation is the downward transport of carbohydrates produced by photosynthesis through the
________________. Sugars move from the “source” or _______________________________________________
to organs in the plant, which rapidly consumes sugars OR stores the sugars, which is called the _____________.
Examples: source: _____________ sink: __________________
Translocation
1.
Carbohydrates (glucose sugars) produced in the leaf palisade cells by photosynthesis ( a source) move into the
phloem.
2.
The solute concentration inside the phloem’s sieve tubes increases then water moves into the phloem by
osmosis. (Water comes from the _______________.)
3.
This increases the pressure in the phloem so water is
pushed down and carries the sugars with it (mass-flow
theory)
4.
The dissolved sugars move to various sinks such as the
roots, developing flowers and fruits (a meristem called
the bud primordium) or rapidly dividing cells in the plant
responsible for growth in diameter
(__________________________) or height/length
(_____________________________).
In root cells, glucose is converted into starch and
stored.
Draw a visual that may help you picture translocation in the box
provided. (pg. 569)
Home Fun :
Read pages 564-570. Answer #4, 6 on pg. 570.