Test 10 - Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment
True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false. Click “A” for true and “B” for false.
1. John Locke believed that the purpose of government was to protect people’s natural rights.
2. In The Spirit of the Laws, Montesquieu argued that the best form of government included a separation of
powers.
3. Enlightenment ideals had little or no impact in the new nation known as the United States.
4. Kepler solved problems with Copernicus’s theories by showing that the planets orbited the sun in an ellipse,
not a circle.
5. The Heliocentric theory, proposed initially by Copernicus, contends the the Earth is at the center of the solar
system.
6. Galileo promoted the ideas put forth by Copernicus and later was forced by the Catholic Church to recant his
work and spent the last years of his life under house arrest.
7. European monarchs who embraced Enlightenment ideals had no intention of giving up their own power.
8. Andreas Vesalius dissected the bodies of executed criminals in order to advance medicine through study of
human anatomy.
9. Antony van Leeuwenhoek invented the microscope.
10. In the 1600s, philosophers concluded that reason could be used to solve all human problems.
11. Robert Boyle, often called the father of modern chemistry, was the first chemist to define an element and also
described matter as a cluster of tiny particles.
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. Remember to press ‘send’ after each
answer on your clicker.
12. Which of the following posed theories that brought him into direct conflict with the Church?
a. Francis Bacon
c. Aristotle
b. Galileo
d. Ptolemy
13. Which of the following published a book supporting the heliocentric theory?
a. Copernicus
c. Descartes
b. Ptolemy
d. Galen
14. What new approach allowed scholars to gain new scientific knowledge?
a. financing by the Church
c. universal public education
b. the scientific method
d. the Inquisition
15. Which of following was written by Denis Diderot in order to promote knowledge?
a. the Encyclopedia
c. Leviathan
b. Candide
d. Two Treatises on Government
16. Until the Scientific Revolution, the traditional authorities were
a. Jews
c. navigators and explorers.
b. the CatholicChurch and ancient scholars. d. Aquinas and his followers.
17. Who argued that people had a right to overthrow a government that does not protect their natural rights?
a. Locke
c. Newton
b. Voltaire
d. Hobbes
18. Which of the following phrases belongs in Step 5 in the chart titled “The Scientific Method”?
a. Observe the natural world.
c. Answer the question.
b. Form a conclusion.
d. Identify a problem.
19. Which of the following phrases belongs in Step 1 of the chart titled “The Scientific Method”?
a. Answer a question.
c. Perform experiments.
b. Identify a problem.
d. Draw a conclusion.
“The state of nature has a law of nature to govern it. . . no one ought to harm another in his life, health,
liberty, or possessions. . . Every one. . . may not. . . take away, or impair. . . the life, the liberty, health, limb,
or goods of another.”
Two Treatises on Government, 1690
20. Who wrote the passage from Two Treatises on Government?
a. Thomas Hobbes
c. Adam Smith
b. John Locke
d. Isaac Newton