MICHIGAN
TEST OBJECTIVES
FIELD 618: CHEMISTRY
Foundations and Skills
Matter
Energy, Chemical Bonds, and Chemical Reactions
Organic, Nuclear, and Environmental Chemistry
FOUNDATIONS AND SKILLS
Understand the history of chemistry.
Includes important individuals and events in the history of chemistry; and the effects of historical
accomplishments in chemistry on modern science and technology.
Analyze the role of chemistry in daily life.
Includes the applications of chemical principles and knowledge in daily life; ways in which
scientific discovery and the development of new technology affect society; and the applications of
chemical principles and knowledge in consumer issues.
Identify career opportunities and avocations in chemistry and chemical technology.
Includes career opportunities in chemistry and chemical engineering; career opportunities that
require less than a four-year college degree; and avocations requiring chemical knowledge.
Understand scientific procedures and principles of experimental research.
Includes principles and techniques of scientific experimentation and investigation; the distinctions
between variables and constants; and the effectiveness of experimental designs and techniques in
various situations.
Understand methods and equipment used in measurement.
Includes measurement and computation units, systems, equipment, and methods.
Understand methods used in simple computation.
Includes simple one-step problems and problems involving metric-metric conversions.
Understand methods used in collecting, analyzing, and reporting data.
Includes methods used in collecting and interpreting data; the concept of significant figures; and
graphical methods for reporting data.
Understand practices and procedures for maintaining a safe laboratory environment.
Includes principles relating to the safe use and storage of equipment and chemicals; procedures for
preventing accidents and dealing with emergencies in the chemistry laboratory; and sources of
information on hazardous properties and safe disposal of chemicals.
Understand Michigan law relating to laboratory management.
Includes the Michigan legal requirements for eye protection when using hot or corrosive materials;
and right-to-know laws.
Identify chemical experiments that are appropriate to achieve given laboratory goals.
Includes experiments that develop observational skills; measurement skills; cause-and-effect
relationships; and predictive skills.
MATTER
Identify chemical and physical properties and changes of matter.
Includes chemical and physical properties and changes of matter.
Identify characteristics of subatomic particles.
Includes characteristics of the proton, neutron, and nucleus; and characteristics and behavior of the
electron.
Understand atomic theory and its development.
Includes various atomic models and their characteristics; the structure of an atomic spectrum
according to the Bohr model; and the electron configuration of an element in terms of the
quantum-mechanical model.
Understand the chemical notation for elements.
Includes symbols for common elements; and chemical notation for elements and isotopes.
Understand molecules and ions.
Includes chemical notation for molecules and ions; and the molar mass of various substances.
Understand the periodic table.
Includes the organization, trends, and characteristic chemical and physical properties of families of
the periodic table; and the properties of metals and nonmetals.
Understand chemical nomenclature.
Includes the rules of nomenclature used in writing formulas of inorganic compounds and naming
inorganic compounds.
Understand the mole concept.
Includes Avogadro’s hypothesis and problems dealing with the Avogadro number.
Solve problems involving molecular composition.
Includes problems involving molar mass; percentage composition; and molecular and empirical
formulas.
Understand phase changes.
Includes phase change evidence; and warming and cooling curves.
Understand the solid state of matter.
Includes properties of solids and characteristic properties of metals.
Understand the liquid state of matter.
Includes properties of liquids and vapor pressure curves.
Understand the kinetic molecular theory.
Includes components of the kinetic molecular theory; and the use of its principles to explain the
structure and properties of the states of matter, changes of state, and the gas laws.
Understand the gaseous state of matter.
Includes properties of gases and the development of the gas laws from laboratory observation.
Solve problems involving the gas laws.
Includes gas law problems involving the mole and formula PV/T = k.
Understand solutions and solubility.
Includes the properties of solutions and factors that affect solubility.
Solve problems involving the concentration of a solution.
Includes problems involving molarity and dilution.
Understand ions in solution.
Includes the process of dissociation in solution; and properties and characteristics of strong and
weak electrolyte solutions.
ENERGY, CHEMICAL BONDS, AND CHEMICAL REACTIONS
Understand energy changes in chemical processes.
Includes the principle of conservation of energy; exothermic and endothermic processes; and
problems involving calorimetry.
Understand electron dot diagrams for octet systems.
Includes electron dot diagrams for diatomic and triatomic molecules.
Understand types and characteristics of chemical bonds.
Includes characteristics of various types of chemical bonds; the processes by which chemical
bonds form; and types of bonds that are characteristic of chemical families.
Understand the role of electrons in chemical bonding.
Includes the behavior of electrons in various types of chemical bonds; and factors that affect bond
strength.
Understand the correlation between properties of substances and bond type.
Includes the differences between properties of covalent and ionic substances; polar and nonpolar
molecules; and the anomalous properties of water.
Understand balancing of chemical equations.
Includes the connection between conservation of mass and the balanced equation; balanced
chemical expressions by inspection; and balanced ionic expressions.
Solve stoichiometry problems involving moles.
Includes mole-mole and limiting reactant problems.
Solve stoichiometry problems involving mass.
Includes mass-mass and percent yield problems.
Solve stoichiometry problems involving volume of gases.
Includes volume-volume and mass-volume problems.
Analyze factors that affect chemical reaction rates.
Includes the effect of temperature and other factors on reaction rate.
Understand chemical equilibrium..
Includes factors that affect chemical equilibrium; and the application of Le Chatelier’s principle to
chemical systems.
Understand acid-base reactions.
Includes the types, characteristics, and reactions of acids and bases; methods and materials used to
determine the concentration of acids and bases; problems involving acid-base titration; and the
calculation of pH from the hydrogen ion Concentration.
Understand precipitation reactions.
Includes precipitation prediction from a table of solubility rules and the net ionic equations for
precipitation reactions.
Understand oxidation-reduction reactions.
Includes oxidizing and reducing agents in various reactions; oxidation numbers for various atoms;
the processes of oxidation and reduction; and the reactions of electrochemical cells.
ORGANIC, NUCLEAR, AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY
Understand the importance of organic chemistry.
Includes the importance of carbon m organic chemistry; commercial, medical, and household
applications of organic chemistry; and the organic compounds contained m common fuels.
Identify types and properties of organic compounds.
Includes types and properties of hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon
substitution products.
Understand the basic principles of radioactivity and nuclear reactions.
Includes types and characteristics of radioactivity; and the processes of radioactive decay, fission.
and fusion.
Understand applications of nuclear reactions to power generation.
Includes applications of nuclear reactions and radioactivity in energy production; and the public
health aspects of nuclear power generation.
Understand the application of chemistry to environmental concerns.
Includes types, characteristics, and origins of chemical pollutants; effects of chemical pollutants
on the environment; and the role of chemistry in solving environmental problems.