Review Worksheet- Answer Key
1.
What is matter?
_____Anything that has mass and volume___________________
2.
What is a measure of how much matter an object is made of?
_____Mass________________________________________________
3.
What is the smallest basic unit of matter?
_____Atom________________________________________________
4.
What are the 4 states of matter?
_____Solid, Liquid, Gas, Plasma______________________
5.
What does the Law of Conservation of Matter state?
_____matter can neither be created nor destroyed_________
6.
If a solid becomes a liquid you must add energy. What is this process
called?__Melting point_____________________________________
7.
If a liquid becomes a gas you must add energy. What is this process
called?___evaporation______________________________________
8.
If a gas becomes a liquid you must remove energy. What is this
process called?___condensation______________________________
9.
If a liquid becomes a solid you must remove energy. What is this
process called?___freezing point_____________________________
10.
Describe the motion and arrangement of molecules in a liquid.
_____definite volume but no definite shape, particles are close together
but can slide freely past on another
11.
Describe the motion and arrangement of molecules in a solid.
____definite shape and volume, particles are close together, they are fixed
in place but can vibrate_____
12.
Describe the motion and arrangement of molecules in a gas.
___no fixed volume or shape, particles are farther apart and move freely in
any direction
13.
What is a molecule?
___group of atoms that are held together by covalent bonds so that they
move as a single unit
14.
What is an element?
___a substance that cannot be broken into a simpler substance by ordinary
chemical changes, consists of atoms of only one type__________
15.
What is a compound?
____substance made up of two or more different types of atoms bonded
together_
16.
What is a mixture?
___combination of two or more substances that do not combine chemically
but remain the same individual substances
17.
How are compounds separated?
____chemical means________________________________
18.
How are mixtures separated?
_mixtures can be separated by physical means_____________________
19.
What two types of substances are considered "Pure substances?"
___1) elements, because it contains only a single type of atom or 2) a single
combination of atoms that are bonded together______________
20.
A compound can have ___different_________properties from the
individual elements that make it up. (Hint: think if the elements that
combine to make water)
21.
What are the 3 sub-atomic particles in an atom?
___proton, neutron, electron___________________
22.
What charge does each of the 3 sub-atomic particles carry?
___proton- positive, neutron-no charge, electron-negative______________
23.
What is the center of an atom?
___nucleus_______________________________________________
24.
What 2 sub-atomic particles are in the center of an atom?
__proton and neutron________________________________________
25.
What sub-atomic particle is in a cloud traveling outside the center of
an atom?____electron______________________________________
26.
An atom is mostly empty _space___________________________.
27.
What is the Periodic Table?
__a table of the elements, arranged by atomic number, that shows the
patterns in their properties____
28.
What is the atomic number of an element?
____the number of protons__________________________________
29.
What is the atomic mass number?
___the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom’s nucleus
30.
What is a group on the periodic table?
____a column of elements with similar properties_______
31.
Why are elements arranged in a group?
_____they have similar physical properties__________
32.
What is a period?
______a row on the periodic table, the elements in periods have the same
number of electron shells
33.
What happens to the atomic numbers in a period as you move from
left to right on the periodic table?
____they increase by one___________________________
34.
What is a nonmetal?
___an element that is not a metal and has properties generally opposite to
those of a metal
35.
Where are nonmetals found on the periodic table?
_____top right corner, to the right of the metalloids_
36.
What is a metal?
____an element that tends to be shiny, easily shaped, and a good conductor
of electricity and heat_______
37.
Where are metals found on the periodic table?
__left of metalloids _______________________________
38.
What is a metalliod?
____element that has properties of both metals and nonmetals_
39.
Where are metalliods found on the periodic table?
_____staircase between metal and nonmetals_______________
40.
What are the capitalization rules for the elemental symbols?
_____the first letter is always uppercase and if there is a second letter it
is lowercase__
41. Where do you find the noble gases on the periodic table and what do
they have in common?
___Group 8; 8 valence electrons, not reactive w/ other elements
42. Where do you find the alkali metals on the periodic table and what do
they have in common?
___Group 1, 1 valence electron in outer shell, very reactive___