Physical Science Honors – Module 4 Test – Study Guide
Vocabulary to Know
Physical properties
Solid
Chemical properties
Liquid
Physical change
Gas
Chemical change
Plasma
Law of conservation of mass
State of matter
Atomic theory
Phase change
Atom
Kinetic theory of matter
Nucleus
Freezing
Proton
Evaporation
Neutron
Condensation
Electron
Melting
Electron cloud
Heat of fusion
Atomic number
Heat of Vaporization
Mass number
Pure substance
Ion
Element
Isotope
Compound
Periodic table
Mixture
Period
Homogeneous mixture
Group
Heterogeneous mixture
Module 1 Concepts
1. Recognize that matter is made of particles in constant motion.
2.
Identify the four states of matter.
3.
Differentiate between the arrangement of particles in solids, liquids, and gases, and plasma.
4.
Explain why adding energy to of removing energy from matter can cause it to change phase.
a. How does a liquid change into a gas? Into a solid?
b. How does a solid change into a liquid?
c. How does a gas turn into a liquid?
5.
Distinguish elements, compounds, and mixtures.
a. H2O
b. Helium (He)
c. Chex mix
d. Kool-aid
6.
Compare and contrast pure substances to mixtures.
7.
Differentiate between homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures.
8.
Identify and compare physical and chemical properties of matter.
9.
Identify and compare physical and chemical changes.
a. 4 characteristics of a chemical change:
b. Toasting a marshmallow
c. Cutting paper
d. Digesting food
e. Painting wall
10. Explain how the law of conservation of mass applies to both physical and chemical changes.
11. Describe the development of the modern atomic theory over time.
12. Describe the structure of atoms.
a. Where is most of the mass located in the atom?
b. What is the atom mostly made of?
c. What is the charge of the nucleus of the atom?
d. What particles are found in the electron cloud?
e. What are the charges of subatomic particles?
13. Compare the atomic number and mass number of different atoms.
14. Describe energy levels
15. Differentiate among atoms, ions, and isotopes.
a. Adding/Removing a proton
b. Adding/Removing a neutron
c. Adding/Removing an electron
16. Explain how the periodic table is organized.
a. How was the first periodic table constructed?
b. How did this change later when more was learned about the atom?
c. Where are metals, nonmetals, and metalloids located?
17. Describe trends that are found on the periodic table.
a. Which atom has greater atomic radius, Li or Be?
b. Which atom has greater ionization energy, Al or
c. Which atom has greater electronegativity, Mg or F?
18. Use the periodic table to obtain information about elements and atoms.
a. How can you tell how many shells an atom has for its electrons?
b. How can you figure out how many valance electrons an atom has?