Gil Friedman
Semester Aleph
Political Science
Tel Aviv University
Security and Diplomacy in International Relations
1. Wednesday, November 2 First meeting
a. Introduction to course
b. Introductory lecture
Osgood, Robert E. and Robert W. Tucker (1967). Force, Order, and Justice. Baltimore:
Johns Hopkins Press.
Part I, Chapter 1, The Persistence of Force, 3-24.
Part II, Chapter 3, The Rationale of Force, 270-284.
Rapoport, Anatol (1960). Fights, Games, and Debates. Ann Arbor: University of
Michigan Press.
Introduction: Three Modes of Conflict, 1-12.
2. November 9
Grasping security and diplomacy
Osgood, Robert E. and Robert W. Tucker (1967). Force, Order, and Justice. Baltimore:
Johns Hopkins Press.
Part II, Chapter 3, The Rationale of Force, 270-284.
Maoz, Zeev (1990). National Choices and International Processes. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press.
“Threat Perception,” 86-95.
Morgenthau, Hans J. (1949). Politics Among Nations: The Struggle for Power and Peace.
Fourth Edition.
Chapter 1, A Realist Theory of International Politics, 9-11.
Chapter 9, Elements of National Power, 135-139.
Chapter 32, The Future of Diplomacy, 540-548.
Aron, Raymond (1962). Peace and War: A Theory of International Relations. Translated by
Richard Howard and Annette Baker Fox. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson.
Chapter II, Power and Force, or On the Means of Foreign Policy, 57-61.
3. November 16
Conflict strategy
Schelling, Thomas C. (1963). The Strategy of Conflict. Cambridge, MA: Harvard
University Press.
Chapter 1, The Retarded Science of International Strategy, 3-20.
Chapter 2, An Essay on Bargaining, 21-46.
Snyder, Glenn H. and Paul Diesing (1977). Conflict Among Nations: Bargaining,
Decision Making, and System Structure in International Crises. Princeton: Princeton
University Press.
Chapter III, Crisis Bargaining: Strategies and Tactics, 185-198.
4. November 23
Economic statecraft
Baldwin, David (1985). Economic Statecraft. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Chapter 3, What is Economic Statecraft, 40-50.
Chapter 6, Bargaining with Economic Statecraft, 101-114.
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Chapter 7, National Power and Economic Statecraft, 130-144.
Chapter 9, Foreign Trade, 214-217, 251-261.
5. November 30
Force versus moral suasion as bases of influence
Machiavelli, Niccolo (1997). The Prince. Trans. By Angelo M. Codevilla. New Haven:
Yale University Press.
Chapter XVII, Of cruelty and pity; and whether it is better to be loved than feared,
or the contrary, 61-4.
Chapter XIX, On fleeing contempt and hatred, 68-76.
Machiavelli, Niccolo (1996). Discourses on Livy. Translated by Harvey C. Mansfield and
Nathan Tarcov. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Part II, Chapter 2, What Peoples the Romans Had to Combat, and That They
Obstinately Defended Their Freedom, 129-133.
Part II, Chapter 3, Rome Became a Great City through Ruining the Surrounding
Cities and Easily Admitting Foreigners to Its Honors, 133-135.
Part II, Chapter 14, Often Men Deceive Themselves Believing That through
Humility They Will Conquer Pride, 156-157.
Part II, Chapter 26, Vilification and Abuse Generate Hatred against Those Who Use
Them, without Any Utility to Them, 191-193.
Part III, Chapter 9, How One Must Vary with the Times If One Wishes Always to
Have Good Fortune, 239-241.
Part III, Chapter 20, One Example of Humanity Was Able to Do More with the
Falisci Than Any Roman Force, 261-262.
Part III, Chapter 21, Whence It Arises That with a Different Mode of Proceeding
Hannibal Produced Those Same Effects in Italy as Scipio Did in Spain, 262264.
Part III, Chapter 27, How One Has to Unite a Divided City; and How That Opinion
Is Not True That to Hold Cities One Needs to Hold Them Divided, 274-276.
Nye, Joseph S. (2004). Soft Power: The Means to Success in World Politics. New York:
Public Affairs.
Chapter One, The Changing Nature of Power, 5-18.
6. December 7
The justness and justification of force
Osgood, Robert E. and Robert W. Tucker (1967). Force, Order, and Justice. Baltimore:
Johns Hopkins Press.
Part II, Chapter 1, The Need to Justify Force, 204-206, 210-218.
Part II, Chapter 2, The Moral Economy of Force, 233-236, 241-242.
Part II, Chapter 3, The Rationale of Force, 289-314.
Elshtain, Jean Bethke (2003). Just War Against Terror.
7. December 14
Liberalism and security policy
Kirkpatrick, Jeane (1979). “Dictatorships and Double Standards.” Commentary
(November):7-21.
Holsti, Ole R. and James N. Rosenau (1990). “The Structure of Foreign Policy Attitudes
among American Leaders,” Journal of Politics 52(1):94-107.
Smith, Tony (2000) “National Security Liberalism and American Foreign Policy,” 258274.
In, American Foreign Policy: Theoretical Essays, Fourth Edition (2002), Edited by
G. John Ikenberry, New York: Longman.
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8. December 21
Domestic politics and foreign policy
Russett, Bruce (1990). Controlling the Sword: The Democratic Governance of National
Security. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Chapter 4, Who Controls Whom? 87-118.
Jacobs, Lawrence R. and Benjamin I. Page (2005). “Who Influences U.S. Foreign
Policy?” American Political Science Review 99(1):107-121.
9. December 28
Psychological and organizational aspects of foreign policy-making
Jervis, Robert (1976). Perception and Misperception in International Politics. Princeton:
Princeton University Press.
Chapter Four, Cognitive Consistency and Interaction, 117-119, 128-155.
Allison, Graham and Philip Zelikow (1999). Essence of Decision: Explaining the Cuban
Missile Crisis. New York: Addison Wesley Longman.
Chapter 3, Model II: Organizational Behavior, 163-183.
Sunday, January 1, 2006—Hanukah holiday
10. January 4
Logics of de-escalation and cooperation
Wagner, R. Harrison (1993). “The Causes of Peace,” 241-264.
In Stopping the Killing: How Civil Wars End, Edited by Roy Licklider, New York:
New York University Press.
Zartman, I. William (1989). Ripe for Resolution: Conflict and Intervention in Africa. New
York: Oxford University Press.
Chapter 6, Conflict Resolution in Africa, 263-280.
Oye, Kenneth A. (1986). “Explaining Cooperation under Anarchy: Hypotheses and
Strategies,” 1-24.
In, Kenneth A. Oye, ed., Cooperation Under Anarchy. Princeton: Princeton
University Press.
11. January 11
Toward conflict resolution
Agha, Hussein, Shai Feldman, Ahmad Khalidi, and Zeev Schiff (2003). Track II
Diplomacy: Lessons from the Middle East. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Chapter 9, Analysis, 133-154, 161-166.
Rouhana, Nadim N. (2000). “Interactive Conflict Resolution: Issues in Theory,
Methodology, and Evaluation,” 294-310, 312-322.
In, International Conflict Resolution after the Cold War. Edited by Paul C.
Stern and Daniel Druckman. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press.
12. January 18
Negotiation theories
Raiffa, Howard (1982). The Art and Science of Negotiation. Cambridge: Harvard University
Press.
Chapter 1, “Some Organizing Questions,” 11-19.
Chapter 4, “Analytical Models and Empirical Results,” 44-65.
Chapter 9, “Advice for Negotiators,” 119-30.
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Neale, Margaret A. and Max H. Bazerman (1991). Cognition and Rationality in
Negotiation. New York: The Free Press.
Ch. 2, “Prescriptions for a Decision Analytic Perspective,” 35-8.
Ch. 3, “Individual Biases in Negotiations,” 41-48.
Ch. 4, “Negotiation Biases,” 61-70.
13. January 25
International agreements, institutions and security
Braun, Chaim and Christopher F. Chyba (2004). “Proliferation Rings: New Challenges to
the Nuclear Nonproliferation Regime.” International Security 29(2):5-49.
Schweitzer, Yoram (2003). The Globalization of Terror: The Challenge of al-Qaeda and
the Response of the International Community.
Friday, February 3rd—last day of the semester
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