EDU109/Fall2007/DeGiorgio Chapter 4
The History of American Education
Focus Questions
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8.
What was the nature and purpose of colonial education?
How did the Common School Movement influence the idea of universal education?
How did teaching become a “gendered” career?
How did secondary schools evolve?
How have twentieth-century reform efforts influenced schools?
What were the main tenets of the Progressive Education movement?
What role has the federal government played in American education?
Who are some of the key individuals who have helped fashion today’s schools?
Key Terms and People
academy
American Spelling Book
apprenticeship
Sylvia Ashton-Warner
behaviorism
Mary McLeod Bethune
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka
Jerome Bruner
Cardinal Principles of Secondary Education
Carnegie unit
categorical grants
Kenneth Clark
Comenius
Committee of Ten
common school
Prudence Crandall
dame schools
John Dewey
Eight-Year Study
elementary school
English Classical School
Franklin Academy
Benjamin Franklin
Paulo Reglus Neves Freire
Friedrich Froebel
gendered career
Johann Herbart
hornbook
in loco parentis
Thomas Jefferson
junior high schools
Kalamazoo, Michigan, case
kindergarten
laboratory school
Land Ordinance Act
Latin grammar school
Horace Mann
McGuffey Readers
middle schools
Montessori schools
Maria Montessori
A Nation at Risk: The Imperative for
Educational Reform
National Defense Education Act
New England Primer
normal schools
Northwest Ordinance
Old Deluder Satan Law
Pedagogy of the Oppressed
Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi
Jean Piaget
The Process of Education
progressive education
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
secondary school
Burrhus Frederick (B. F.) Skinner
Tenth Amendment
Emma Hart Willard
Sadker 1e, Instructor’s Manual, Ch. 04 | 61 of 7
This chapter traces American education from colonial times to the present.
Education during the colonial period
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intended to further religious goals
offered primarily to White males,
typically wealthy White males.
For females and children of color, education was difficult to attain, and even when available, the
education was often inferior.
Over time, educational exclusivity diminished
even today, wealth, race, ethnicity, and gender continue to impact educational quality.
he struggle to have America honor its commitment to equality
The complex network of expectations surrounding today’s schools is the product of a society that
has been evolving for over three centuries.
Individuals, groups, and the government all contributed to making public schools more
accessible.
Benjamin Franklin,
Horace Mann,
Emma Hart Willard,
and Mary McLeod Bethune
fought to free America from historical biases.
New federal laws were designed to create more equitable and effective educational
opportunities. In the colonial era,
The goals were simple: to teach the Scriptures and to develop a religious community.
We begin by looking into the classroom of Christopher Lamb, a New England teacher in one of
the earliest American schools, more than three centuries ago.
Topical Chapter Outline
Christopher Lamb's Colonial Classroom
Colonial New England Education: God's Classrooms
Dame schools
Apprenticeship
In loco parentis
Old deluder Satan law
Latin grammar school
A New Nation Shapes Education
Thomas Jefferson
Benjamin Franklin
Academy
The Common School Movement
Common school
Elementary school
Horace Mann
Normal schools
Spinsters, Bachelors, and Gender Barriers in Teaching
Gendered career
The Secondary School Movement
Secondary school
English classical school
Kalamazoo Michigan case
Junior high school
Middle school
School Reform Efforts
National Education Association (NEA)
Committee of ten
Cardinal principles of secondary education
A Nation at Risk: the Imperative for educational reform
John Dewey and Progressive Education
Laboratory school
Progressive school
Eight year study
The Federal Government
National Defense Education Act (NDEA)
Tenth Amendment
Land Ordinance Act 1785
Northwest Ordinance 1787
Categorical grants
Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka 1954
The World We Created at Hamilton High: A Schoolography
A Super School (If you’re on the Right Side of the Tracks), 1953–1965
Social Unrest Comes to School, 1966–1971
The Students' Turn, 1972–1979
New Students, Old School, 1980–1985
Hall of Fame: Profiles in Education
Comenius
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi
Friedrich Froebel
Johann Herbart
Emma Hart Willard
Horace Mann
Prudence Crandall
Maria Montessori
John Dewey
Mary McLeod Bethune
Jean Piaget
B.F. Skinner
Sylvia Ashton Warner
Kenneth Clark
Jerome Bruner
Paulo Reglus Neves Friere