GEOG 1113: Landforms
Spring 2011
I. Identify the following terms:
1. mass wasting
2. solifluction
3. mud flow
4. debris flow
5. slump
6. debris slide
7. soil creep
8. rockfall
9. avalanche
10. Aquiclude
11. Aquifer
12. Evapotranspiration
13. Infiltration
14. Percolation
15. Water table
16. Hygroscopic
17. Ogallala Aquifer
18. Center-point irrigation
19. Drawdown
20. Artesian wells
21. Artesian spring
22. Cone of depression
23. Salt-water intrusion
24. Subsidence
25. Karst
26. Cave
27. Cavern
28. Sinkhole
29. Perennial streams
30. Ephemeral streams
31. Drainage basin
32. Drainage divide
33. Tributary
34. Trunk stream
35. Confluence
36. Drainage density
37. Stream ordering
38. Stream hydrology
Exam 3 Study Guide
39. Stream hydrograph
40. Base flow
41. Flood stage
42. Return period
43. Erosional landforms
44. Depositional landforms
45. Alluvial fan
46. Glacier
47. Firn
48. Zone of accumulation
49. Zone of ablation
50. Equilibrium line
51. Basal slip
52. Crevasses
53. Ice cap
54. Ice field
55. Tidewater glacier
56. Piedmont glacier
57. Valley glacier
58. Continental glacier
59. Glacial erratic
60. Glacial abrasion
61. Cirque
62. Glacial trough
63. Glacial drift
64. Glacial till
65. Moraine
66. Kettle lake
67. Pleistocene Epoch
68. Interglacial period
69. Glacial period
70. Milankovitch Theory
71. Isostatic adjustment
72. Periglacial processes
73. Permafrost
74. Arroyo
75. Butte
76. Plateau
77. Mesa
78. Pinnacle
79. Playa
80. Eolian
81. Desert pavement
82. Deflation hollow
83. Dust Bowl
84. Desertification
85. Loess
86. African Sahel
87. Ocean
88. Sea
89. Gulf
90. Bay
91. Salinity
92. Brine
93. Brackish
94. Eustatic change
95. Ria
96. Fjord
97. Tides
II.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Short Answer:
Name and describe the 2 primary types of weathering
Name and describe the 5 types of physical weathering
Name and describe the 4 types of chemical weathering
Explain what is causing drawdown in the Ogallala Aquifer.
Give 3 sources of groundwater contamination.
Where can karst landforms be found?
What are the 3 sources of stream water?
Name and describe the 4 primary drainage patterns we discussed in class.
Explain stream ordering. What happens when 2 order 1 streams meet? When 2 order 2
streams meet? When an order 1 and order 2 stream meet?
10. Why would stream discharge vary with season?
11. If you live on the 100-year floodplain, what is the likelihood that your house will
flood this year?
12. Explain why the upper Midwest is prone to flooding by the Mississippi River.
13. Explain the difference between a gully, canyon, rill, and ravine.
14. Give 2 examples of depositional landforms and 2 examples of erosional
landforms.
15. Explain the importance of alluvial fans to western cities.
16. In the Glacial Mass Budget, what is glacial input and what is glacial output?
17. Briefly explain how glaciers are formed.
18. How do glaciers move?
19. Why does the Pacific Northwest having glaciers that are growing?
20. Name and describe the 2 types of glacial drift.
21. Why is Minnesota the Land of 10,000 Lakes? What kinds of lakes are these?
22. How are oxygen isotopes used to reconstruct glacial history?
23. Name and describe the significance of the 5 possible causes of glaciations.
24. Explain the seasonal changes in the active layer.
25. What are the 3 factors (or where are the 3 areas) influencing arid climates?
26. Why are flash floods common in arid regions?
27. How are playas formed?
28. Name and describe the 2 types of wind erosion.
29. Explain the importance of loess
30. Explain how Humans can cause desertification
31. Name the world’s 5 oceans
32. Explain why the Earth has tides.
III. Diagrams:
1. Illustrate the fate of precipitation on soil (The Groundwater Model). Include the
following terms in your illustration: evapotranspiration, runoff, infiltration,
percolation, groundwater, water table, saturated zone, unsaturated zone
2. Illustrate the relationship between Aquifers and Aquicludes. Include the following terms
in your illustration: aquifer, aquiclude, water table, bedrock, saturated zone,
unsaturated zone, recharge area.
3. Illustrate a small drainage basin. Include the following in your illustration: drainage
divide, tributary, confluence, trunk stream.
4. Illustrate a glacial mass budget. Include the following in your illustration: zone of
accumulation, zone of ablation, equilibrium line, evaporation, sublimation, meltwater,
crevasse.
5. Illustrate glacial depositional landforms. Include the following in you illustration:
terminal moraine, recessional moraine, lateral moraine, medial moraine, glacier.