Level Genetics Review
I did not fill in the vocab terms… so go to page 2 for the rest of the
answers.
1. Describe the 3 laws that Gregor Mendel established after working with pea
plants.
a. Law of Dominance:
b. Law of Segregation:
c. Law of Independent Assortment:
2. Define the following terms:
a. Dominantb. Recessivec. Heterozygousd. Homozygouse. Purebredf. Hybridg. Geneh. Allelei.
Phenotype-
j.
Genotype-
k. P generationl.
F1 generation-
m. F2 generationn. Self-fertilizationo. Cross-fertilization
3. In some species of plants, crossing red flowers with white flowers produces pink
flowers.
What type of dominance is this called in genetics? Incomplete
4. In some species of chickens, there are two dominant alleles for feather color.
What is the appearance of the offspring when a black dominant rooster is
crossed with a white dominant hen? Checked
What kind of dominance is displayed? Co- dominance
5. Some of our traits are determined by more than one pair of alleles,
such as blood type and hair color. What are these types of traits
called? Multiple Alleles
6. What is polyploidy? OMIT
Does it make plants stronger or weaker? OMIT
Does if make animals stronger or weaker? OMIT
7. If an organism’s diploid number of chromosomes is 36 chromosomes,
what is its haploid number of chromosomes? 18
8. What does a Punnett square show us? Offspring of F1 generation
9. What are the human male gametes? Female gametes?
Sperm
Egg
10. Are the gametes haploid or diploid? haploid
11. How many pairs of chromosomes are found in human body cells? 46
12. How many chromosomes are found in human sex cells? __23___ Are the
chromosomes in pairs? no
13. What is the normal male genotype? Normal female genotype?
XY
XX
14. Who determines the sex of the offspring? male
15. What is the probability of having a male or female child? 50%
16. Describe the location of the gene 16p13. OMIT
17. In a certain species of frogs, L is the gene for long legs. The gene for short
legs is represented by l. Two frogs were bred in a lab. A homozygous
dominant male and a heterozygous female produced many offspring.
a. What are the parent phenotypes? Long legs x long legs
b. What are the parent genotypes? LL x Ll
c. What is the phenotypic ratio of the offspring? 4: 0 : 0
d. What is the genotypic ratio of the offspring? 2 : 2
18. What are autosomes? The first 22 pair of chromosomes on karyotype
19. What types of traits are controlled by genes located on the sex
chromosomes? Sex- linked traits
20. What are homologous chromosomes? Paired chromosomes
21. How many different blood types alleles are there? List them.
3- IA, IB, i
22. What is the universal blood donor? O
23. What is the universal blood recipient? AB
26. Fill-in the following Blood Type Chart:
Blood Type
Genotype(s)
Can Give to:
(Phenotype)
A
IAIA or IAi
A, AB
B
IBIB
or IBi
AB
IAIB
O
ii
B, AB
AB
A, B, AB, O
Can Receive
from:
A, O
B, O
A, B, AB, O
O
27. A woman sues a man for the support of the child. She has type A blood,
her child has type O blood, and the man has type B blood.
a. Can he be the father? Yes, if both are carriers for O
b. If the child had type B blood and the man had type O, could he be
the father? Explain. No b/c the neither the mom nor the dad carry
the IB allele so the person with O couldn’t be the dad.
28. A woman with blood type AB marries a man with type O blood.
a. What are the genotypes of each parent? IAIB x ii
b. What are the possible gametes of the woman? IA and IB
c. What are the possible gametes of the man? i
d. Draw a punnett square.
e. What are the phenotypes of the possible offspring?
50% type A and 50% type B
29. Are sex-linked genes found on the X or Y chromosome? X
30. Give 3 examples of a sex-linked trait. Colorblindness, Duchenne’s Muscular
Dystrophy, and Hemophilia
31. A man can only pass his sex-linked gene to his (son/daughter).
Circle one
32. Let b=colorblind, B=normal vision
a. Genotype(s) of colorblind male XbY
b. Genotype(s) of colorblind female XbXb
c. Genotype(s) of carrier female XBXb
d. Genotype(s) of normal male
XBY
e. Genotype(s) of normal female XBXB
33. Give the possible genotypes of the parents of a colorblind daughter.
XBXb x XbY
34. Who is more likely to have a sex-linked recessive disorder, males or females?
males
35. Hemophilia or “bleeding disease” is due to a recessive sex-linked gene (h).
A woman whose father was hemophilic, but was not a bleeder herself,
marries a normal man. What is the chance of hemophilia being present
among her children?
Dad- XhY
Daughter XHXh
Normal Husband XHY
None of their daughters would have it and there is a 50% chance the sons will
have it.
36. What is a karyotype? Picture of chromosomes
38. What does the diagram above represent? Normal male
39. Does this karyotype show any abnormalities? no
40. Which chromosomes represent the autosomes? 1- 22
41. Which chromosomes represent the sex chromosomes? X and Y
42. How many chromosomes are shown in the karyotype above? 4
43. Describe the karyotype of the following genetic disorders:
a. Down’s syndrome- 3 #21 chromosomes
b. Klinefelter’s syndrome- XXY
c. Turner’s syndrome- only one X
44. Write the genotypes for the following individuals:
a. Normal male XY
b. Normal female XX
c. Turner’s syndrome XO
d. Klinefelter’s syndrome XXY
The diagrams below represent the sex chromosomes.
A.
45. Is diagram A male or female?
Female
B.
Is diagram B male or female?
Male
THE FOLLOWING PEDIGREE SHOWS THE INHERITANCE PATTERN OF CYSTIC FIBROSIS.
USE THE PEDIGREE TO ANSWER QUESTIONS 46-58.
I
II
III
46.How many females are represented in the pedigree? 9
47. How many cystic fibrosis females are found in the pedigree? 3
48. How many normal females are found in the pedigree? 6
49. How many normal males are found in the pedigree? 7
50. How many cystic fibrosis males are found in the pedigree? 2
51. What type of twins (II 6-7) are represented? identical
52. What type of twins (III 3-4) are represented? fraternal
53. Which set of twins do BOTH of the individuals have cystic fibrosis? Set (II 6-7)
or set (III 3-4) II 6- 7
54. Is cystic fibrosis a recessive or dominant gene? recessive
55. What is the genotype of person III-6? ff
56. What is the phenotype of I-1? Cystic fibrosis
57. Is I-3 homozygous recessive, homozygous dominant or heterozygous?
heterozygous
58. Is I-2 homozygous recessive, homozygous dominant or heterozygous?
Homozygous dominant
Use the words below to answer questions 59- 63:
a. Body
d. Growth and Repair
b. Reproductive
e. 2
c. Sexual Reproduction
f. 4
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
Mitosis occurs in this type of cell
The number of cells produced after one mitotic division
The purpose of cell division during mitosis
The purpose of cell division during meiosis
Meiosis occurs in this type of cell
A
E
D
C
B
64. A male sex cell is called a/an sperm.
65. A female sex cell is called a/an egg.
66. The diploid number of chromosomes in humans is 46.
67. A fruit fly has 8 chromosomes in its body cells. What is the haploid number? 4
68. A dog has 78 chromosomes in its body cells. What is the diploid number? 78