Supplemental Materials
College Male Sexual Assault of Women and the Psychology of Men: Past, Present, and Future Directions for Research
by R. C. McDermott et al., 2015, Psychology of Men and Masculinity
http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0039544
Table S1
Publication Year, APA citation, Brief summary, and number of times cited for the top most cited articles per decade from the final 121 retained
articles
Year
1950-1960
1957
1961-1970
1967
Citation
Summary
Number of
times cited
Kirkpatrick, C., & Kanin, E. (1957). Male sex
aggression on a university campus. American
Sociological Review, 52-58.
College women (N = 291) were given a survey assessing various sexual
offences that had been perpetrated against them. A majority of the
participants (55.7%) reported some degree of assault with 20.9%
experiencing a forceful attempt at intercourse. Note: This study was not
included in the final review because it did not meet criteria, but is included
here as a starting point of the earliest known study of college sexual assault).
89 WOS
Kanin, E. J. (1967). An examination of sexual
aggression as a response to sexual frustration.
Journal of Marriage and the Family, 428-433.
The study examined the hypothesis that men who attempted rape or other
unwanted sexual contact were venting sexual frustration. Of the 341 men
who completed the survey, 87 were classified as aggressive. These men
were found to be more likely than non-aggressive men to try to get women
intoxicated, falsely profess love, and threaten to terminate the relationship in
order to sexually coerce women. Contrary to the hypotheses, aggressive men
tended to be sexually more experienced. Kanin concluded that sexually
aggressive men rather than being frustrated and unsuccessful were actually
more predatory.
100 GS
1967
1971-1980
1981-1990
1986
Kanin, E. J. (1967). Reference groups and sex
conduct norm violations. The Sociological
Quarterly, 8(4), 495-502.
Using the same group of males sampled from the previous research, the
purpose of this study was to investigate how pressure from peer groups was
related to sexual aggression and beliefs that rape could be justifiable. It was
found that men who had reported perpetrating sexual aggression were more
likely to report higher pressure for sexual experience. Additionally, among
aggressors it was seen that those who reported higher pressure for sexual
experience also reported that rape was justifiable in some cases.
57 WOS
118 GS
The macho personality’s relationship to sexual aggression was researched
using 175 college sophomores. Higher levels of Calloused Sexual Attitudes
were found to be related to a history of sexual aggression. Additionally, men
with a macho personality reported less negative emotional reactions when
imagining themselves perpetrating a rape.
Using and validating the Sexual Experiences Survey, 6,159 undergraduate
students (51.7% female) were asked about their experiences of rape and
sexual assault. Status as potential victims or perpetrators was assumed based
on gender. Nearly half (44%) of the women reported some degree of
unwanted sexual contact and 19% of men reported having used some degree
of sexual coercion or force.
108 SC
119 WOS
263 GS
There were no published studies examining college
sexual assault perpetration and men in this decade
according to our databases.
Mosher, D. L., & Anderson, R. D. (1986). Macho
personality, sexual aggression, and reactions to
guided imagery of realistic rape. Journal of
Research in Personality, 20(1), 77-94.
1987
Koss, M. P., Gidycz, C. A., & Wisniewski, N.
(1987). The scope of rape: Incidence and
prevalence of sexual aggression and victimization
in a national sample of higher education students.
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology,
55(2), 162-170.
1987
Muehlenhard, C. L., & Linton, M. A. (1987). Date
rape and sexual aggression in dating situations:
Incidence and risk factors. Journal of Counseling
Psychology, 34(2), 186-196.
Sexual aggression was investigated in the context of dating situations
among 635 undergraduate students (females = 341). Possible victim and
perpetration status was assumed based on gender. Approximately threequarters (77.6%) of women and 57.3% of men were involved in a scenario
where sexual aggression had occurred. 14.7% of women and 7.1% of men
reported rape. Alcohol use, hostile beliefs about women, and rape myth
acceptance were all significantly associated with sexual aggression.
1,053 SC
1,074 WOS
2,160 GS
393 SC
407 WOS
824 GS
1991-2000
1991
1995
Malamuth, N. M., Sockloskie, R. J., Koss, M. P., &
Tanaka, J. S. (1991). Characteristics of aggressors
against women: Testing a model using a national
sample of college students. Journal of Consulting
and Clinical Psychology, 59(5), 670-681.
Using a sample of 2,656 men, the researchers created a structural equation
model to account for sexual and non-sexual aggression in college men.
Hostile masculinity and sexual promiscuity were found to be directly related
to coerciveness against women, and attitudes supporting violence and
delinquency were found to be indirectly related through hostile masculinity
and sexual promiscuity respectively. Hostile masculinity was composed of
negative masculinity, hostile attitudes towards women, and adversarial
sexual beliefs.
300 SC
307 WOS
584 GS
Malamuth, N. M., Linz, D., Heavey, C. L., Barnes,
G., & Acker, M. (1995). Using the confluence
model of sexual aggression to predict men's conflict
with women: A 10-year follow-up study. Journal of
Personality and Social Psychology, 69, 353-369.
Malamuth et al. refined the model developed in 1991 by investigating its
ability to predict sexual aggression over the course of ten years. The number
of participants who participated in the study ranged from 423 to 66
depending on the analyses being conducted. Data were gathered from men
and women regarding their partner’s abuse as a child, delinquency, attitudes
supporting violence against women, hostile masculinity, early sexual
experiences, sexual promiscuity, impersonal sex, coercive sexual fantasies,
proneness to hostility, sexual aggression, non-sexual aggression, masculine
gender role stress, and relationship distress. At the ten year follow-up (time
2), impersonal sex (time 2), hostile masculinity (time 2), and sexual
aggression (time 1) had main effects for predicting conflict with women
(time 2), which included sexual aggression. The longitudinal path analysis
could only be completed on 66 men due to incomplete or non-overlapping
data. In a path analysis examining just the time 2 data (n = 145), main
effects were found for hostile masculinity and impersonal sex, and indirect
effects were found for proneness to hostility, and attitudes supporting
violence against women.
214 SC
358 GS
1999
2001-2010
2001
2004
2005
2010
Spitzberg, B. H. (1999). An analysis of empirical
estimates of sexual aggression victimization and
perpetration. Violence And Victims, 14, 241-260.
Examined sexual assault rates for a variety of acts, including rape, attempted
rape, and sexual coercion, across 120 studies with over 100,000 participants.
Results suggested that 13% of the women and about 3% of men have been
raped. Similar rates of men and women (25%) reported experiencing and
perpetrating sexual coercion. Several mediating variables (i.e., population
type, decade, date of publication, and type of operationalization) were not
supported.
127 GS
Abbey, A., McAuslan, P., Zawacki, T., Clinton, A.
M., & Buck, P. O. (2001). Attitudinal, Experiential,
and Situational Predictors of Sexual Assault
Perpetration. Journal of Interpersonal Violence. 16,
784–807. doi:10.1177/088626001016008004
Reports a discriminant function analysis of 343 college men’s descriptions
of either a sexual assault they perpetrated or their worst date. Attitudes
about gender roles and alcohol, number of consensual sex partners, how
well the man knew the woman, how isolated the setting was, alcohol
consumption during the event, the man's misperception of the woman's cues
during the event, and prior consensual sexual activity between the man and
the woman discriminated between sexual assaults and worst dates. These
results are consistent with past research demonstrating factors related to
sexual assault.
A longitudinal study of 197 college men administering surveys one year
apart. Repeat assaulters scored highest on measures of hostility toward
women, past sexual experiences, drinking in sexual situations, and
adolescent delinquency. Repeat assaulters also expressed less remorse than
single or non-assaulters.
A meta-analysis of 69 studies on the effectiveness of college sexual assault
programs with several outcome variables, including some that focused on
actual rates of sexual assault perpetration. Longer interventions are more
effective than brief interventions in altering both rape behaviors and raperelated attitudes. Content of programming, type of presenter, gender of the
audience, and type of audience moderated program effectiveness.
86 SC
184 GS
Abbey, A., & McAuslan, P. (2004). A longitudinal
examination of male college students’ perpetration
of sexual assault. Journal of Consulting and
Clinical Psychology, 72, 747–56.
doi:10.1037/0022-006X.72.5.747
Anderson, L. A., & Whiston, S. C. (2005). Sexual
Assault Education Programs: A Meta-Analytic
Examination of Their Effectiveness. Psychology of
Women Quarterly, 29(4), 374–388.
doi:10.1111/j.1471-6402.2005.00237.x
Palmer, R. S., McMahon, T. J., Rounsaville, B. J.,
A survey of 370 college students regarding sexual experiences in the past
106 SC
99 WOS
199 GS
104 SC
89 WOS
222 GS
21 SC
2011-2015
2011
2011
& Ball, S. A. (2010). Coercive sexual experiences,
protective behavioral strategies, alcohol
expectancies and consumption among male and
female college students. Journal of Interpersonal
Violence, 25(9), 1563–1578.
doi:10.1177/0886260509354581
year. 34% of women and 31% of men reported unwanted sexual contact, 6%
of women and 13% of men reported engaging in sexually coercive behavior,
and 4% of women and 9% of men reported experiencing both unwanted
contact and engaging in sexually coercive behavior. Students engaging in
sexually coercive behaviors had significantly higher sex-related alcohol
expectancies. Recipients of unwanted contact reported higher alcohol
consumption, used fewer protective strategies when drinking, and
experienced more negative consequences due to their alcohol use.
15 WOS
37 GS
Gidycz, C. A., Orchowski, L. M., & Berkowitz, A.
D. (2011). Preventing sexual aggression among
college men: An evaluation of a social norms and
bystander intervention program. Violence Against
Women, 17, 720–742.
doi:10.1177/1077801211409727
A study of 635 college men participating in single-sex sexual assault
prevention or risk-reduction programs, which included social norms and
bystander intervention education. Results indicated that program
interventions had an impact on self-reported sexual aggression and an effect
on men's perceptions that their peers would intervene when they
encountered inappropriate behavior in others. Program participants also
reported less reinforcement for engaging in sexually aggressive behavior,
reported fewer associations with sexually aggressive peers, and indicated
less exposure to sexually explicit media.
Studied a model examining the mediating role of sociosexuality (i.e.,
attitudes related to casual sex) in the relationships between personality traits
and past sexual aggression in a sample of college men (n = 296). Results
supported the mediating role of sociosexuality. Both narcissism and
psychopathy distinguished perpetrators from nonperpetrators, but with
sociosexuality included in the model neither personality trait continued to
explain significant variance in perpetration.
31 SC
35 WOS
62 GS
Mouilso, E. R., & Calhoun, K. S. (2012). A
mediation model of the role of sociosexuality in the
associations between narcissism, psychopathy, and
sexual aggression. Psychology Of Violence, 2(1),
16-27. doi:10.1037/a0026217
11 GS
Note: SC = SCOPUS; WOS = Web of Science; GS = Google Scholar. Not all articles were available through each citation indexing service.
Table S2
Alphabetical listing by author of final retained articles for each of research retained for the sex comparisons and attitudes toward women and
violence approaches to studying masculinity
Sex Differences
Aizenman, M., & Kelley, G. (1988). The incidence of violence and acquaintance rape in dating relationships among college men and women.
Journal of College Student Development.
Ansara, D. L., & Hindin, M. J. (2009). Exploring gender differences in the patterns of intimate partner violence in Canada: a latent class approach.
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, jech–2009.
Brousseau, M. M., Bergeron, S., Hébert, M., & McDuff, P. (2011). Sexual coercion victimization and perpetration in heterosexual couples: A
dyadic investigation. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 40(2), 363–372.
Christopher, F. S., Madura, M., & Weaver, L. (1998). Premarital sexual aggressors: A multivariate analysis of social, relational, and individual
variables. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 56–69.
D’Abreu, L. C. F., Krahé, B., & Bazon, M. R. (2013). Sexual aggression among Brazilian college students: Prevalence of victimization and
perpetration in men and women. Journal of Sex Research, 50(8), 795–807.
Farris, C., Treat, T. A., Viken, R. J., & McFall, R. M. (2008). Sexual coercion and the misperception of sexual intent. Clinical Psychology Review,
28(1), 48–66.
Finley, C., & Corty, E. (1993). Rape on the campus: The prevalence of sexual assault while enrolled in college. Journal of College Student
Development, 34, 113.
Gámez-Guadix, M., Straus, M. A., & Hershberger, S. L. (2011). Childhood and adolescent victimization and perpetration of sexual coercion by
male and female university students. Deviant Behavior, 32(8), 712–742.
Hogben, M., Byrne, D., & Hamburger, M. E. (1996). Coercive heterosexual sexuality in dating relationships of college students: Implications of
differential male-female experiences. Journal of Psychology & Human Sexuality, 8(1-2), 69–78.
Katz, J., Carino, A., & Hilton, A. (2002). Perceived verbal conflict behaviors associated with physical aggression and sexual coercion in dating
relationships: A gender-sensitive analysis. Violence and Victims, 17(1), 93–109.
Koss, M. P., Gidycz, C. A., & Wisniewski, N. (1987). The scope of rape: Incidence and prevalence of sexual aggression and victimization in a
national sample of higher education students. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 55(2), 162–170. doi:10.1037/0022006X.55.2.162
McConaghy, N., & Zamir, R. (1995). Heterosexual and homosexual coercion, sexual orientation and sexual roles in medical students. Archives of
Sexual Behavior, 24(5), 489–502.
Ménard, K. S., Hall, G. C. N., Phung, A. H., Ghebrial, M. F. E., & Martin, L. (2003). Gender Differences in Sexual Harassment and Coercion in
College Students: Developmental, Individual, and Situational Determinants. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 18(10), 1222–1239.
doi:10.1177/0886260503256654
Miller, B., & Marshall, J. C. (1987). Coercive sex on the university campus. Journal of College Student Personnel.
Mills, C. S., & Granoff, B. J. (1992). Date and acquaintance rape among a sample of college students. Social Work, 37(6), 504–509.
Palmer, R. S., McMahon, T. J., Rounsaville, B. J., & Ball, S. A. (2010). Coercive sexual experiences, protective behavioral strategies, alcohol
expectancies and consumption among male and female college students. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 25(9), 1563–1578.
doi:10.1177/0886260509354581
Poppen, P. J., & Segal, N. J. (1988). The influence of sex and sex role orientation on sexual coercion. Sex Roles, 19(11-12), 689–701.
Porter, J. L., & McQuiller-Williams, L. (2011). Intimate violence among underrepresented groups on a college campus. Journal of Interpersonal
Violence, 0886260510393011.
Renaud, C. A., & Byers, E. S. (2005). Relationship between sexual violence and positive and negative cognitions of sexual dominance. Sex Roles,
53(3-4), 253–260.
Romero-Sánchez, M., & Megías, J. L. (2010). Alcohol use as a strategy for obtaining nonconsensual sexual relations: incidence in Spanish
university students and relation to rape myths acceptance. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 13(02), 864–874.
Ryan, K. M., & Kanjorski, J. (1998). The enjoyment of sexist humor, rape attitudes, and relationship aggression in college students. Sex Roles,
38(9-10), 743–756.
Ryan, K. M., Weikel, K., & Sprechini, G. (2008). Gender differences in narcissism and courtship violence in dating couples. Sex Roles, 58(11-12),
802–813.
Schatzel-Murphy, E. A., Harris, D. A., Knight, R. A., & Milburn, M. A. (2009). Sexual coercion in men and women: Similar behaviors, different
predictors. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 38(6), 974–986.
Sipsma, E., Isabel, J.-A. C., Cerrato, I. M., & Everaerd, W. (2000). Sexual aggression against women by men acquaintances: Attitudes and
experiences among Spanish university students. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 3, 14–27.
Sisco, M. M., & Figueredo, A. J. (2008). Similarities between men and women in non-traditional aggressive sexuality: Prevalence, novel
approaches to assessment and treatment applications. Journal of Sexual Aggression, 14(3), 253–266.
Spitzberg, B. H. (1999). An analysis of empirical estimates of sexual aggression victimization and perpetration. Violence and Victims, 14(3), 241–
260.
Starratt, V. G., Goetz, A. T., Shackelford, T. K., McKibbin, W. F., & Stewart-Williams, S. (2008). Men’s partner-directed insults and sexual
coercion in intimate relationships. Journal of Family Violence, 23(5), 315–323.
Struckman-Johnson, C., & Struckman-Johnson, D. (1992). Acceptance of male rape myths among college men and women. Sex Roles, 27(3-4),
85–100.
Sutton, T. E., & Simons, L. G. (n.d.). Sexual Assault Among College Students: Family of Origin Hostility, Attachment, and the Hook-Up Culture
as Risk Factors. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 1–14.
Tyler, K., Hoyt, D. R., & Whitbeck, L. B. (1998). Coercive sexual strategies.
VanderLaan, D. P., & Vasey, P. L. (2009). Patterns of sexual coercion in heterosexual and non-heterosexual men and women. Archives of Sexual
Behavior, 38(6), 987–999.
Waldner-Haugrud, L. K., & Magruder, B. (1995). Male and female sexual victimization in dating relationships: Gender differences in coercion
techniques and outcomes. Violence and Victims, 10(3), 203–215.
Wright, M. O., Norton, D. L., & Matusek, J. A. (2010). Predicting verbal coercion following sexual refusal during a hookup: Diverging gender
patterns. Sex Roles, 62(9-10), 647–660.
Yost, M. R., & Zurbriggen, E. L. (2006). Gender differences in the enactment of sociosexuality: An examination of implicit social motives, sexual
fantasies, coercive sexual attitudes, and aggressive sexual behavior. Journal of Sex Research, 43(2), 163–173.
Zweig, J. M., Barber, B. L., & Eccles, J. S. (1997). Sexual Coercion and Well-Being in Young Adulthood Comparisons by Gender and College
Status. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 12(2), 291–308.
Attitudes Toward Women and Violence
Abbey, A., & Jacques-Tiura, A. J. (2011). Sexual assault perpetrators’ tactics: Associations with their personal characteristics and aspects of the
incident. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 26(14), 2866–2889.
Abbey, A., & McAuslan, P. (2004). A longitudinal examination of male college students’ perpetration of sexual assault. Journal of Consulting and
Clinical Psychology, 72(5), 747–56. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.72.5.747
Abbey, A., McAuslan, P., & Ross, L. T. (1998). Sexual assault perpetration by college men: The role of alcohol, misperception of sexual intent,
and sexual beliefs and experiences. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 17(2), 167–195.
Abbey, A., McAuslan, P., Zawacki, T., Clinton, A. M., & Buck, P. O. (2001). Attitudinal, Experiential, and Situational Predictors of Sexual
Assault Perpetration. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 16(8), 784–807. doi:10.1177/088626001016008004
Abbey, A., Parkhill, M. R., BeShears, R., Clinton-Sherrod, A. M., & Zawacki, T. (2006). Cross-sectional predictors of sexual assault perpetration
in a community sample of single African American and Caucasian men. Aggressive Behavior, 32(1), 54–67. doi:10.1002/ab.20107
Abbey, A., Parkhill, M. R., Clinton-Sherrod, A. M., & Zawacki, T. (2007). A comparison of men who committed different types of sexual assault
in a community sample. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 22(12), 1567–1580.
Abbey, A., Parkhill, M. R., Jacques-Tiura, A. J., & Saenz, C. (2009). Alcohol’s role in men's use of coercion to obtain unprotected sex. Substance
Use & Misuse, 44(9-10), 1329–1348.
Abbey, A., Wegner, R., Pierce, J., & Jacques-Tiura, A. J. (2012). Patterns of sexual aggression in a community sample of young men: Risk factors
associated with persistence, desistance, and initiation over a 1-year interval. Psychology of Violence, 2(1), 1.
Abbey, A., Zawacki, T., Buck, P. O., Clinton, A. M., & McAuslan, P. (2004). Sexual assault and alcohol consumption: What do we know about
their relationship and what types of research are still needed? Aggression and Violent Behavior, 9(3), 271–303.
Aberle, C. C., & Littlefield, R. P. (2001). Family functioning and sexual aggression in a sample of college men. Journal of Interpersonal Violence,
16(6), 565–579.
Bernat, J. A., Calhoun, K. S., & Adams, H. E. (1999). Sexually aggressive and nonaggressive men: sexual arousal and judgments in response to
acquaintance rape and consensual analogues. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 108(4), 662.
Bernat, J. A., Calhoun, K. S., & Stolp, S. (1998). Sexually aggressive men’s responses to a date rape analogue: Alcohol as a disinhibiting cue.
Journal of Sex Research, 35(4), 341–348.
Bernat, J. A., Wilson, A. E., & Calhoun, K. S. (1999). Sexual coercion history, calloused sexual beliefs and judgments of sexual coercion in a date
rape analogue. Violence and Victims, 14(2), 147–160.
Boeringer, S. B. (1994). Pornography and sexual aggression: Associations of violent and nonviolent depictions with rape and rape proclivity.
Deviant Behavior, 15(3), 289–304.
Bohner, G., Jarvis, C. I., Eyssel, F., & Siebler, F. (2005). The causal impact of rape myth acceptance on men’s rape proclivity: Comparing
sexually coercive and noncoercive men. European Journal of Social Psychology, 35(6), 819–828.
Bouffard, L. A. (2010). Exploring the utility of entitlement in understanding sexual aggression. Journal of Criminal Justice, 38(5), 870–879.
Byers, E. S., & Eno, R. J. (1992). Predicting men’s sexual coercion and aggression from attitudes, dating history, and sexual response. Journal of
Psychology & Human Sexuality, 4(3), 55–70.
Caron, S. L., Halteman, W. A., & Stacy, C. (1997). Athletes and rape: is there a connection? Perceptual and Motor Skills, 85(3f), 1379–1393.
Carr, J. L., & VanDeusen, K. M. (2004). Risk Factors for Male Sexual Aggression on College Campuses. Journal of Family Violence, 19(5), 279–
289. doi:10.1023/B:JOFV.0000042078.55308.4d
Craig, M. E., Kalichman, S. C., & Follingstad, D. R. (1989). Verbal coercive sexual behavior among college students. Archives of Sexual
Behavior, 18(5), 421–434.
Demaré, D., Lips, H. M., & Briere, J. (1993). Sexually violent pornography, anti-women attitudes, and sexual aggression: A structural equation
model. Journal of Research in Personality, 27(3), 285–300.
Emmers-Sommer, T. M., & Allen, M. (1999). Surveying the Effect of Media Effects A Meta‐Analytic Summary of the Media Effects Research in
Human Communication Research. Human Communication Research, 25(4), 478–497.
Fischer, G. J. (1992). Sex attitudes and prior victimization as predictors of college student sex offenses. Annals of Sex Research, 5(1), 53–60.
Forbes, G. B., Adams-Curtis, L. E., Pakalka, A. H., & White, K. B. (2006). Dating aggression, sexual coercion, and aggression-supporting
attitudes among college men as a function of participation in aggressive high school sports. Violence Against Women, 12(5), 441–455.
Forbes, G. B., Adams-Curtis, L. E., & White, K. B. (2004). First-and Second-Generation Measures of Sexism, Rape Myths and Related Beliefs,
and Hostility Toward Women Their Interrelationships and Association with College Students’ Experiences with Dating Aggression and
Sexual Coercion. Violence against Women, 10(3), 236–261.
Foubert, J. D. (2000). The longitudinal effects of a rape-prevention program on fraternity men’s attitudes, behavioral intent, and behavior. Journal
of American College Health, 48(4), 158–163.
Franklin, C. A., Bouffard, L. A., & Pratt, T. C. (2012). Sexual Assault on the College Campus Fraternity Affiliation, Male Peer Support, and Low
Self-Control. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 39(11), 1457–1480.
Gervais, S. J., DiLillo, D., & McChargue, D. (2014). Understanding the link between men’s alcohol use and sexual violence perpetration: The
mediating role of sexual objectification. Psychology of Violence, 4(2), 156.
Gidycz, C. A., Warkentin, J. B., Orchowski, L. M., & Edwards, K. M. (2011). College Men’s Perceived Likelihood to Perpetrate Sexual
Aggression. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, 20(3), 260–279.
Good, G. E., Hepper, M. J., Hillenbrand-Gunn, T., & Wang, L.-F. (1995). Sexual and psychological violence: An exploratory study of predictors
in college men. The Journal of Men’s Studies, 4(1), 59–71.
Greendlinger, V., & Byrne, D. (1987). Coercive sexual fantasies of college men as predictors of self‐reported likelihood to rape and overt sexual
aggression. The Journal of Sex Research, 23(1), 1–11. doi:10.1080/00224498709551337
Greene, P. L., & Davis, K. C. (2011). Latent profiles of risk among a community sample of men: Implications for sexual aggression. Journal of
Interpersonal Violence, 26(7), 1463–1477.
Hall, G. C. N., DeGarmo, D. S., Eap, S., Teten, A. L., & Sue, S. (2006). Initiation, desistance, and persistence of men’s sexual coercion. Journal of
Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 74(4), 732.
Hersh, K., & Gray-Little, B. (1998). Psychopathic traits and attitudes associated with self-reported sexual aggression in college men. Journal of
Interpersonal Violence, 13(4), 456–471.
Hill, M. S., & Fischer, A. R. (2001). Does entitlement mediate the link between masculinity and rape-related variables? Journal of Counseling
Psychology, 48(1), 39–50. doi:10.1037/0022-0167.48.1.39
Kalichman, S. C., Sarwer, D. B., Johnson, J. R., Ali, S. A., Early, J., & Tuten, J. T. (1994). Sexually coercive behavior and love styles: A
replication and extension. Journal of Psychology & Human Sexuality, 6(1), 93–106.
Kelly, T. C., & Erickson, C. D. (2007). An examination of gender role identity, sexual self-esteem, sexual coercion and sexual victimization in a
university sample. Journal of Sexual Aggression, 13(3), 235–245. doi:10.1080/13552600701794366
Lisak, D., & Ivan, C. (1995). Deficits in Intimacy and Empathy in Sexually Aggressive Men. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 10(3), 296–308.
doi:10.1177/088626095010003004
Locke, B. D., & Mahalik, J. R. (2005). Examining Masculinity Norms, Problem Drinking, and Athletic Involvement as Predictors of Sexual
Aggression in College Men. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 52(3), 279.
Loh, C., Gidycz, C. a, Lobo, T. R., & Luthra, R. (2005). A prospective analysis of sexual assault perpetration: risk factors related to perpetrator
characteristics. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 20(10), 1325–48. doi:10.1177/0886260505278528
Lyndon, A. E., White, J. W., & Kadlec, K. M. (2007). Manipulation and force as sexual coercion tactics: Conceptual and empirical differences.
Aggressive Behavior, 33(4), 291–303.
Ménard, K. S., Hall, G. C. N., Phung, A. H., Ghebrial, M. F. E., & Martin, L. (2003). Gender Differences in Sexual Harassment and Coercion in
College Students: Developmental, Individual, and Situational Determinants. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 18(10), 1222–1239.
doi:10.1177/0886260503256654
Mosher, D. L., & Anderson, R. D. (1986). Macho personality, sexual aggression, and reactions to guided imagery of realistic rape. Journal of
Research in Personality, 20(1), 77–94.
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Note: Some retained articles using the normative and gender role strain perspectives are not dispalyed here, because the review discussed each
article in text.