Chemistry: Atomic Number and Mass Number
Name:
Complete the following chart and answer the questions below.
Element
Name
Atomic
Number
Number of
Protons
Number of
Neutrons
Mass Number
carbon
6
6
6
12
Oxygen
8
8
8
16
hydrogen
1
1
0
1
Carbon
(carbon 14)
6
6
8
14
Hydrogen
(tritium)
1
1
2
3
nitrogen
7
7
7
14
Hydrogen
1
1
1
2
Helium
2
2
2 (1 is also ok)
4 (3)
Calcium
20
20
20
40
How are the atomic number and the number of protons related to each other?
Atomic number = number of protons
How do the number of protons, number of neutrons, and the mass number relate to each other?
# of protons + # of neutrons = mass #
What is the one thing that determines the identity of an atom (that is, whether it is an oxygen atom or a carbon
atom, etc.)?
# of protons
Match the terms (The definitions have been moved next to their terms)
A. polar molecules

molecules that possess distinct poles
B. hydrophilic

C. capillary action

D. cohesion

E. solute

molecules attracted to water and readily
dissolve
attraction of water molecules to each other and
to another that is strong enough to overcome
the force of gravity (yes I changed it)
attraction of water molecules to each other
through hydrogen bonds
material that dissolves in a solvent
F. high specific heat

G. adhesion

H. solvent

ability of a molecule to absorb a lot of heat
before its temperature rises
attraction of water molecules to any hydrophilic
substance
dissolves a solute
I. homeostasis

maintaining constant conditions
J. nonpolar
molecules
K. hydrophobic

molecules that lack regions of electric charge

repelled by water molecules
L. cooling agent

ability to cool a surface during evaporation
M. surface tension

N. solution

a film or layer at the surface of molecules that
resists being separated
resulting product of a solvent and solute
O. hydrogen bond

P. universal solvent

when oppositely charged parts of molecules are
attracted to each other
water’s ability to dissolve many substance